地铁运营工况点型探测器探测性能试验研究

为了解地铁运营期点型探测器受活塞风的影响及其适应性和设置方式,采用碎纸、棉绳和聚氨酯塑料试验火,在地铁站台进行初期火灾探测实体试验。对2种类型点型探测器在模拟运营工况与夜间停运工况的适应性进行对比分析,同时,针对设置镂空格栅吊顶地铁车站,研究点型探测器在吊顶上下不同安装位置时的响应性能。试验结果表明:列车运行产生的活塞风扰乱烟气的上升和扩散运动,对阴燃火源烟气影响显著,有烟明火烟气能较快地通过格栅空隙到达中板;在地铁运营工况条件,烟温复合探测器响应性能表现不理想,不同空间安装的点型感烟探测器报警时间与报警数量均较停运工况发生变化。设置镂空格栅吊顶车站站台层公共区运营期使用点型感烟探测器进行保护时,应当贴中板和贴格栅吊顶双层安装。     

2009年姚安6.0级地震强震动应急观测的数据处理及其震害启示

对2009年7月9日云南姚安6.0级地震应急流动观测获取的强余震记录进行了处理和分析,包括记录的滤波及零漂处理,5.2级、4.7级、4.6级三次强余震的PGA、PGV、PGD及PSV、PSD以及对应的谱烈度(St)与相对持时(Td)等的计算及其分析.结果表明:这些强余震近场记录的滤波处理对高频成份影响较大,对低频部分影...     

A Study on the Combined Effect of Noise and Vibration on Operators’ Performance of a Readability Task in a Mobile Driving Environment

This paper presents a study in which the main objective was to investigate the combined effect of noise and vibration on the performance of a readability task in a mobile driving environment. Subjects performed a readability task on a laptop computer in a sitting posture with their backs supported with a backrest under varying levels of noise and vibration. The data in terms of the mean number of characters read per minute were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the individual effect of noise, vibration, and the operators’ gender as well as the interaction between gender and noise, and gender and vibration were statistically significant. However, the combined effect of noise and vibration was not found to be statistically significant. Results also indicated that gender was statistically significant at all levels of noise as well as vibration, and noise and vibration were statistically significant at both levels of gender.     

Occupational Exposure to Base Stations—Compliance With EU Directive 2004/40/EC

The rapid growth of mobile communications has not only led to a rising number of mobile telephones. It has also made base stations essential for services widespread on many roofs. However, not everyone is aware that working close to sources of high frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF), such as transmitter antennas for mobile phones, pagers and police, fire and other emergency services, can result in high EMF exposure. This paper deals with measurements and calculations of the compliance boundary for workers in one typical roof top base station setting according to EU Directive and other relevant EN standards.     

Fuel poverty and vulnerability in the EU low-carbon transition: the case of renewable electricity

The European Union (EU) and member states alike are following a tradition of addressing fuel poverty and vulnerability at the point of purchase by final consumers by seeking to influence the impact of income, energy price and the built environment on the ability of household consumers to access the energy that they need. By focusing on the conditions of energy transmission in the most rapidly growing renewable electricity sector in the UK – offshore wind – this paper aims to question whether the regulatory socio-technological framing of renewable electricity transmission is reproducing conditions for fuel poverty and vulnerability in the UK. By drawing a comparison with renewable electricity transmission in Bulgaria, this paper argues that the problem might be symptomatic of the EU as a whole. While not arguing against the proliferation of renewable electricity and its importance in meeting the 2020 targets, this paper calls for expanding the scope of fuel poverty alleviation policy throughout the whole renewable electricity supply chain, building on Helm's argument that energy companies at the middle of the supply chain are better suited to deliver fuel policy.     

苏北海域表层沉积物中PH_3的分布

为研究海洋生态系统中PH3的迁移转化规律及其产生机制,2006年12月对苏北海域表层沉积物中磷化氢(PH3)、总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)、有机磷(OP)及有机质(OM)的分布进行了系统分析和讨论。结果表明,PH3在苏北海域表层沉积物中普遍存在,含量在[(2.63±0.38)~(39.35±5.49)]×10-12之间,最大值出现在长江口,最小值出现在辐射沙洲海域。辐射沙洲海域TP和IP的含量较低,长江口及吕四一带含量相对较高,且沿着长江入海方向逐渐减少。OP和OM分布的总体趋势是由南至北,由西到东含量逐渐减小,长江口及吕四港一带含量较高。区与区间PH3与TP、IP及OP的相关性分析表明,IP作为PH3的生成前体物可能性比OP高。     

海上油气田工程油气泄漏事故风险分析

以渤海某工程项目为例研究海上油气田工程油气泄漏的事故及其风险.文章指出井喷、平台火灾事故和海底管道泄漏是海上油气田工程油气泄漏的主要事故源,并通过类比性分析得到三种事故的发生概率.油气泄漏的最严重后果是溢油事故,文章对各种事故的溢油规模进行分析,并根据井喷、平台火灾和海底管道泄漏三种事故发生的概率和规模对其环境影响进行评价.     

再悬浮条件下底泥中磷赋存形态的转化研究

以富营养化河流的底泥和上覆水为材料,研究了底泥再悬浮条件下,磷的赋存形态的变化特征,并对不同形态磷之间可能的转化途径进行了探讨.结果表明,底泥再悬浮条件下,磷的释放及吸附均与底泥再悬浮的频率密切相关.再悬浮导致底泥中不同形态磷的数量分布发生了明显变化. BD-P和NaOH-nrP的含量显著减少,而Ca-P的含量明显增加,其余各形态磷的变化幅度很小.这表明, BD-P和NaOH-nrP可能转化成Ca-P.而潜在活性磷与生物有效磷的形成量也表明,底泥再悬浮促进了易释放态磷与生物有效磷向难释放态磷与难被生物利用态磷的转化,并且这种促进作用随着底泥再悬浮的频率的增加而增加.     

海(水)上原油设施溢油防止对策

为了预防、控制海上原油泄漏对海域的污染,分别对临海(水)罐区、海(水)上石油勘探生产设施、海(水)底管线、油轮和油驳、码头等,提出溢油防止对策.     

山东近海黄海段营养盐结构对初级生产力的影响研究

于2006年8月(夏季)、2006年12月(冬季)、2007年4月(春季)、2007年10月(秋季)对山东近海黄海段的初级生产力和营养盐结构进行了调查.结果显示:(1)调查海域初级生产力的年平均值为438 mg/(m(2)·d),并呈现出"春季>夏季>秋季>冬季"的变化趋势;调查海区的营养盐结构表现出明显的季节分化:春...