四川某中小城镇污水处理厂进水水质统计分析

生活污水水质对处理工艺的选择、设计参数的选取以及稳定运行十分重要。运用SPSS软件,对四川某中小城镇污水处理厂为期一年的进水指标(水量、COD、氨氮、总磷、pH、SS)进行方差和相关性分析。方差分析结果显示进水量、氨氮和SS在月份和季节之间存在显著性差异,而总磷和pH仅在月份之间存在显著差异,COD在季度和月份之间无显著性差异;指标相关性分析表明,进水量和氨氮之间呈负相关,氨氮和总磷、COD和总磷之间呈正相关,且相关性显著。在此分析的基础上对污水处理厂设计、工艺选择及运行管理提出了一些建议。     

Fouling distribution in forward osmosis membrane process

Fouling behavior along the length of membrane module was systematically investigated by performing simple modeling and lab-scale experiments of forward osmosis （FO） membrane process. The flux distribution model developed in this study showed a good agreement with experimental results, validating the robustness of the model. This model demonstrated, as expected, that the permeate flux decreased along the membrane channel due to decreasing osmotic pressure differential across the FO membrane. A series of fouling experiments were conducted under the draw and feed solutions at various recoveries simulated by the model. The simulated fouling experiments revealed that higher organic （alginate） fouling and thus more flux decline were observed at the last section of a membrane channel, as foulants in feed solution became more concentrated. Furthermore, the water flux in FO process declined more severely as the recovery increased due to more foulants transported to membrane surface with elevated solute concentrations at higher recovery, which created favorable solution environments for organic adsorption. The fouling reversibility also decreased at the last section of the membrane channel, suggesting that fouling distribution on FO membrane along the module should be carefully examined to improve overall cleaning efficiency. Lastly, it was found that such fouling distribution observed with co-current flow operation became less pronounced in counter- current flow operation of FO membrane process.     

Aerobic granules cultivated and operated in continuous-flow bioreactor under particle-size selective pressure

A novel method based on the selective pressure of particle size （particle-size cultivation method, PSCM） was developed for the cultivation and operation of aerobic granular sludge in a continuous-flow reactor, and compared with the conventional method based on the selective pressure of settling velocity （settling-velocity cultivation method, SVCM）. Results indicated that aerobic granules could be cultivated in continuous operation mode by this developed method within 14 days. Although in the granulation process, under particle-size selective pressure, mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） in the reactor fluctuated greatly and filamentous bacteria dominated the sludge system during the initial operation days, no obvious difference in profile was found between the aerobic granules cultivated by PSCM and SVCM. Moreover, aerobic granules cultivated by PSCM presented larger diameter, lower water content and higher specific rates of nitrification, denitrifieation and phosphorus removal, but lower settling velocity. Under long term operation of more than 30 days, aerobic granules in the continuous-flow reactor could remain stable and obtain good chemical oxygen demand （COD）, NH4^＋-N, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） removal. The results indicate that PSCM was dependent on the cultivation and maintenance of the stability of aerobic granules in continuous-flow bioreactors.     

石化企业苯类物质非密闭操作过程的职业暴露分析

采用职业卫生学调查和职业暴露风险评估方法,对选定的苯类物质非密闭操作过程较集中的芳烃装置进行职业暴露分析和评估,为石化企业苯类物质的健康风险控制提供依据。     

苏州市环境空气质量自动监测信息化平台建设思路研究

随着不断增长的环境空气自动监测数据量与滞后的数据管理方式之间的矛盾日益凸显,现有的环境空气自动监测平台已出现了一定程度的滞后,逐渐不能满足基层监测部门、决策机构和社会各界的要求,亟待更新和完善。对现有环境空气自动监测业务平台建设思路加以更新和完善,有助于建设功能相对完善的新型平台,从而为环境管理和社会公众提供更为高效、便捷的数字化服务,并对政府决策和预报预警提供更为及时的技术支撑和保障。     

固定污染源废气监测工况核查重点

在多年废气固定污染源监测工作经验的基础上,对装置和设施的生产运行状态（即工况）影响固定污染源监测结果质量的因素进行了分析和总结,提出了相关的工况核查重点及方法。     

基于安全度与运营格局的油库选址优先级评价方法研究

从安全性和运营角度对油库选址的影响因素及评价指标分析对油库的安全稳定及有效运营具有重要的意义。该文选取与安全和运营有关的人口企业数量、安全管理能力、消防设施规划、地形地质条件、铁路公路数量、市场投资收益、政策支持情况等影响因子进行重要性及合理程度分析,综合运用安全度与运营格局影响因素多元耦合关系,构建了油库区安全与运营评价体系,改进了原有的模糊层次法评价模型,并对某油库区安全度与运营格局进行了评估验证。结果表明:利用改进模糊层次法能够较好地评价不同地址的优先级,评价模型具有一定应用性,能够对不同地址的特点及评价权重进行有效分析,可见油库选址优先级评价方法是实用且有效的。该研究方法及结果可以为油库区地址的优选提供一定参考与建议。     

人工湿地处理污染河水的持续性运行研究

中国北方地区城市纳污河道内的污染河水具有水量、水质、水温季节性变化大的特点,这给人工湿地污染河水处理系统的持续性运行造成很大困难.通过1a多的连续性运行,对潜流人工湿地污染河水处理系统的可持续运行问题进行了系统研究,年平均水力负荷为15 cm/d.结果表明,季节变化对氨氮的去除效果影响很大,夏季氨氮去除效果良好,去除率达70%以上,而冬季水温降低到15℃以下时,氨氮去除率降低到30%以下,但季节变化对COD去除效果的影响较小.人工湿地在夏季雨季时期可以承受较大的短期洪水水力冲击负荷,在100 cm/d的负     

循环序批式活性污泥反应器的调试及运行

介绍了循环序批式活性污泥反应器的工艺流程及设计参数、调试和运行情况,分析探讨了系统运行中出现的一些问题。稳定运行期间的检测结果表明,反应器对COD和NH3-N具有较好的去除效果,平均去除率分别达到86.2%和92.1%,但对TP的去除率有待提高。     

味精废水处理工艺改造工程

双城市某味精厂因企业扩大生产和原味精废水处理工艺设计存在问题,致使出水未能达标。在对其原有废水处理工艺进行一系列改造后,调试运行2个月,期间系统运行稳定可靠。废水中的CODCr、TN、TOC、NH4+-N去除率分别达到99.5%、98.8%、99.9%、99%以上,处理后出水优于国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级标准。