Study on the optical property and surface morphology of N doped TiO2 film deposited with different N2 flow rates by DCPMS

N doped TiO₂ films were deposited by direct current pulse magnetron sputtering system at room temperature. By using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and atomic force microscope, we studied the influence of N₂ flow rate on the optical property and surface morphology of films. The results indicate that the optical property and surface morphology of N doped TiO₂ film was dominated by the N₂ flow rate. The mean absorbency in visible range of pure TiO₂ films is near to 0%, which means that the pure TiO₂ could hardly display the photocatalytic property in visible range. When N₂ flow rate is 2 sccm, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film could reach at 24%. In this case, the film could be used as photocatalyst induced by visible light. While with increasing N₂ flow rate, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film decreased abruptly. Especially when N₂ flow rate exceeded 8 sccm, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film decreased to about 0%, which is like pure TiO₂ fimls.     

Study on the optical property and surface morphology of N doped TiO2 film deposited with different N2 flow rates by DCPMS

N doped TiO₂ films were deposited by direct current pulse magnetron sputtering system at room temperature. By using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and atomic force microscope, we studied the influence of N₂ flow rate on the optical property and surface morphology of films. The results indicate that the optical property and surface morphology of N doped TiO₂ film was dominated by the N₂ flow rate. The mean absorbency in visible range of pure TiO₂ films is near to 0%, which means that the pure TiO₂ could hardly display the photocatalytic property in visible range. When N₂ flow rate is 2 sccm, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film could reach at 24%. In this case, the film could be used as photocatalyst induced by visible light. While with increasing N₂ flow rate, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film decreased abruptly. Especially when N₂ flow rate exceeded 8 sccm, the mean absorbency in visible range of N doped TiO₂ film decreased to about 0%, which is like pure TiO₂ fimls.     

基于光学在线监测及形态学研究的絮凝体强度分析方法

以PDA在线监测混凝过程和絮凝体形态学分析为基础,建立了絮凝体强度的分析评价方法.为了计算某一特定絮凝条件下形成絮凝体的黏结力,进行混凝实验并运用图像解析法及粒子图像测速技术研究絮凝体形态学特征.实验过程中将水样引入与光散射颗粒分析仪(PDA2000)相连的透明橡胶管内,并通过准确控制橡胶管内的水流速度梯度来改变作用于絮凝体上的剪切力,这样就可以在线监测絮体的破碎情况,然后根据PDA输出的FI曲线来确定絮凝体的临界破碎条件.根据临界破碎条件下剪切力、破碎力和黏结力的等量关系,确定黏结力系数k1,进而计算出可以表征絮凝体强度的黏结力B.该方法的有效性已经被大量以硫酸铝为混凝剂的腐殖酸混凝实验所证实.     

生态净化系统中DOM光学特性及影响因素分析:以盐龙湖春季为例

为了探究生态净化系统中溶解性有机物（DOM）的光学特性、空间分布特征及主要影响因子.以盐龙湖生态净化系统为例,取2017、2018年春季数据进行研究.结果表明,盐龙湖春季总磷、总氮、高锰酸盐指数浓度变化范围分别为0.05~0.25、1.25~2.75、3.99~7.17 mg·L^-1,出水溶解氧升高至（11.93±1.31）mg·L^-1、浊度降低至（13.23±2.24）NTU,而高锰酸盐指数变化不显著.主成分分析（PCA）表明盐龙湖原水、预处理区水质与外源汇入有关;而沉水植物区和深度净化区水质依赖于内源影响.荧光指数、腐殖化指数及生物源指数分析综合发现水体中DOM主要是源于陆生植物与土壤输入,腐殖化程度较低且新生的自生源DOM较多.PARAFAC模型将DOM可分为紫外光区类富里酸（239 nm,304 nm/407 nm）,可见光区类富里酸（256 nm,352 nm/439 nm）,色氨酸类蛋白质（276 nm/327 nm）和胡敏酸（292 nm,395 nm/491 nm）.紫外吸收指数表明盐龙湖原水、预处理单元、挺水植物区DOM光谱强度波动较大,沉水植物区、深度净化区DOM光谱强度较稳定.水质参数中对DOM光学特性有影响的因素主要是透明度、溶解氧、电导率、总氮和藻细胞数.     

光释光(OSL)测年技术的初步实验研究

提出了基于X射线激发的光释光测年原理，据此进行了初步实验研究。研究表明，利用X射线是可以激发辐射样品使其产生光释光信号的。     

Aerosol optical properties derived from simultaneous sunphotometer and aureolemeter measurements in Lhasa

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Source Apportionment in the Town of La Spezia (Italy) by Continuous Aerosol Sampling and PIXE Analysis

We describe the results of an aerosol sampling campaign performedin 1999 in the medium-size industrial town of La Spezia, in theNorthwest of Italy. We used two-stage continuous streakersamplers in three different sites and periods of the year. This kind of samplers allows the separation of the PM₁₀ andPM_2.2 fractions of the particulate matter. Moreover, the hourly resolution in the aerosol collection is particularly useful inan urban environment where, typically, many pollution sourceswith fast variations are present. Up to 1700 samples have beenanalysed by Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) at the INFNaccelerator facility in Florence, obtaining hourly concentrationfor about 20 elements from Na to Pb, with a sensitivity rangingfrom below 1 to about 10 ng m^-3. The total hourly aerosolmass has been estimated with an optical analysis of the samesamples performed (before the PIXE analysis) by an equipment designed and mounted in Genoa. An extensive statistical analysisof the data included standard and Absolute Principal ComponentFactor Analysis (PCFA and APCFA) to deduce the compositionand the weight of the major aerosol sources in both fractions.Thorough different statistical approaches, we generally resolvedcontributions from vehicle emission, fossil fuel combustion,soil-road dust and sea salt aerosol.     

富营养化水体中光学活性物质的垂向分布及其对遥感反射光谱的影响

富营养化水体中光学活性物质的垂向分布对水下光场分布具有重要影响,决定了水色参数定量遥感反演的精度.基于2011年8月和11月在太湖进行的垂直分层采样,分析了水体中光学活性物质含量的垂向分布特征,并探讨了其影响因素及其对水体遥感反射光谱的影响.结果表明,风速是影响富营养化水体中光学活性物质垂向分布的重要因子之一.风速较小(小于3.0 m·s~(-1))或无风时,表层叶绿素a浓度急剧增加,易形成水华;而风速大于5.0 m·s~(-1)时,水体发生垂直混合,底层叶绿素a浓度最大;其它风速条件下,叶绿素a浓度在某一水深处出现极大值.在风速小于5.0 m·s~(-1)的情况下,悬浮物浓度和有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的垂向分布相对均一;当风速超过5.0 m·s~(-1)时,底泥再悬浮过程对两者的贡献较大.在未发生藻华情况下,0~0.5 m水深范围内的叶绿素a浓度均值与波段比值的相关系数最大(r=0.86),对水体遥感反射比的影响较大;而表层悬浮物浓度对水体遥感反射比的影响最大,研究结论可为水色参数含量的精确估算提供方法论支持.     

1954—2013年湖北省黄石市气溶胶光学厚度与降水关系研究

通过对地面观测资料进行均一性处理和反演,建立了湖北省黄石市近60年气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的时间序列,采用气候趋势分析、相关分析等方法,研究了AOD与降水之间的关系.结果表明:近60年黄石市气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)总体上呈显著增加趋势,最大值出现在1991年.随着AOD值的显著增加,年平均降水发生日数显著减少,其中,小雨日数下降更明显,而中雨、大雨日数有增加趋势,暴雨日数的变化趋势不明显.小雨雨量随着AOD值的显著增加而减少,而中雨及以上等级降水量的变化趋势不明显.总之,近60年黄石市气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的增加,对降水日数和降水量都有一定的影响,其相关性有待进一步研究.     

天津市气溶胶折射指数及消光特征

根据2005年5月17～23日Grimm气溶胶粒谱分析仪观测结果,考察天津市气溶胶消光特征.利用天津市2000年非采暖季PM10源解析的结果,初步得出天津市气溶胶的折射指数为1.585-0.118i.通过Mie理论计算得出天津市气溶胶散射消光占到总消光的60 0A以上;气溶胶消光主要集中于粒径小于1.00 μm的颗粒物,消光贡献率为80%以上.其中粒径为O.30～0.35 μm的颗粒物的消光贡献率最大,达20.7%.