GA优化的湖泊富营养化评价的普适公式探讨

在适当设定富营养化指标的“本底值”情况下,当指标值用于对应“本底值”的相对值表示时,可采用S型曲线描述湖泊富营养化的发展程度,公式中的参数可视为与指标特性无关,采用遗传算法对公式参数优化,得到对多项指标均适用的富营养化程度的指数公式,并提出用广义模糊对比因子赋权新方法计算富营养化综合指数。该评价方法物理意义明确,计算简单,使用方便,具有普适性、可比性和实用性。     

宁夏盐池县社会经济与环境协调发展的策略分析

本文通过分析宁夏盐池县的自然条件、自然资源以及社会经济发展与环境的关系,应用权图影响结构模型对该县社会经济与环境系统进行了定量的分析与研究。建立了7个模型,并通过预测、比较实施不同发展策略后各模型的系统状态,找出了使系统优化运行的灵敏调控点,分析了各分项调整策略之间相互制约、相互促进的关系,提出了使该县社会经济与环境协调发展的策略。     

三峡库区小城镇水环境与工业产业结构优化模型——以万州区分水镇为例

以长江上游三峡库区腹部的重庆市万州区分水镇为研究对象,根据2005年分水镇工业各行业的结构特点及各行业对水环境的污染特点,建立水环境--经济工业结构多目标优化模型,选取工业生产总值最大和COD排放量最小作为优化目标,量化分水镇2010年工业结构,选择出符合当地经济发展"十一五"规划目标和水环境保护目标的工业结构优化方案,提出具体的工业产业发展建议,达到减少工业污染物对境内长江次级河流瀼渡河的污染,有效地改善瀼渡河水质状况,同时保证分水镇社会、经济、水环境的可持续发展的目的.文章同时也对三峡库区小城镇的工业产业结构优化调整,获得既符合经济发展目标又满足水环境保护要求的合理的工业产业结构,提供可借鉴的思路和方法.     

Determination and discussion hydraulic retention time in membrane bioreactor system

Based on the microorganism kinetic model, the formula for computing hydraulic retention time in a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) is derived. With considering HRT as an evaluation index a combinational approach was used to discuss factors which have an effect on MBR. As a result, the influencing factors were listed in order from strength to weakness as: maximum specific removal rate K, saturation constant Ks, maintenance coefficient m, maximum specific growth rate ,ua and observed yield coefficient Yobs. Moreover, the formula was simplified, whose parameters were experimentally determined in petrochemical wastewater treatment. The simplified formula is θ= 1.1( 1/β -1)(Kｓ S)/KXo , for oetroehemical wastewater treatment K and Ko eaualed 0.185 and 154.2, resoectively.     

石油野外施工作业OSH、HSE管理

长庆钻井野外施工作业队伍依据OSH，HSE管理体系的基本要求和国际通用做法，吸取与壳牌公司在长北区块的合作经验。学习国际上杜邦，阿莫科等石油公司的HSE合作案卷，翻阅了苏丹中国项目组HSE例卷，结合长庆钻井的实际情况。在野外施工作业队伍实施OSH，HSE管理，创新了17项管理技术。提升了作业队伍现场管理水平，步入与国际惯例接轨的行列，提高了经济效益。     

炼油厂"三泥"离心脱水处理研究

通过对目前炼油厂“三泥”性状的调查，利用已有污泥处理设施进行了炼油厂“三泥”离心分离的现场试验，并分析了影响“三泥”离心分离处理工艺的主要因素，发现了离心机转速和絮凝剂投加量对“三泥”离心分离的有关规律和最佳操作条件，在此基础上，提出了适合炼油厂“三泥”处理系统的优化方案。     

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR IRRIGATION PROJECT PLANNING1

ABSTRACT: This study presents three optimization techniques for on‐farm irrigation scheduling in irrigation project planning: namely the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing and iterative improvement methods. The three techniques are applied to planning a 394.6 ha irrigation project in the town of Delta, Utah, for optimizing economic profits, simulating water demand, and estimating the crop area percentages with specific water supply and planted area constraints. The comparative optimization results for the 394.6 ha irrigated project from the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, and iterative improvement methods are as follows: (1) the seasonal maximum net benefits are $113,826, $111,494, and $105,444 per season, respectively; and (2) the seasonal water demands are 3.03*10³ m³, 3.0*10³ m³, and 2.92*10³ m³ per season, respectively. This study also determined the most suitable four parameters of the genetic algorithm method for the Delta irrigated project to be: (1) the number of generations equals 800, (2) population size equals 50, (3) probability of crossover equals 0.6, and (4) probability of mutation equals 0.02. Meanwhile, the most suitable three parameters of simulated annealing method for the Delta irrigated project are: (1) initial temperature equals 1,000, (2) number of moves equal 90, and (3) cooling rate equals 0.95.     

雨量警戒制度应用技术分析

雨量警戒制度是铁路部门用于指导汛期警戒、确保线路汛期行车安全的一种制度,这种制度应分级、分段、各工种联控执行。本文分析了其在应用上应当注意的几个技术环节,并以成昆线桐子林站8·15事件为例加以说明。     

OPTIMIZATION MODELING OF A NEW FACILITY FOR THE CALIFORNIA STATE WATER PROJECT1

ABSTRACT: A non-linear optimization model is applied to the California State Water Project (SWP) and portions of the Central Valley Project (CVP). The model accounts for the major hydrologic, regulatory, and operational features of both projects. The model maximizes long-term SWP yields over a 70-year period, using a quarterly time step. The potential for increased yield associated with a proposed facility improvement is evaluated with the model. The proposed facility is an extension of the Folsom-South Canal, which would allow water to be conveyed from the American River below Folsom Reservoir into New Melones Reservoir on the Stanislaus River or into the California Aqueduct. Model results indicate that extension of the Folsom-South Canal has the potential to increase SWP yields by 13 percent.     

安庆石化热电厂正压浓相气力输灰系统

详细介绍了安庆石化热电厂正压浓相气力输灰系统的组成、特点及运行情况。该系统自投运以来，运行情况良好。