干旱胁迫对文心兰抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的影响

以切花文心兰＂黄金2号＂（Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Gold 2’）幼苗及成熟苗为材料,用盆栽控制浇水模拟干旱的方法,对不同程度干旱胁迫下其叶片抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的变化进行研究。结果表明,文心兰＂黄金2号＂具有一定的耐旱性。随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,文心兰幼苗及成熟苗的相对含水量和相对电导率变化慢、幅度小,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性能保持一定水平,渗透调节物质可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量持续上升,表明文心兰＂黄金2号＂对干旱胁迫具有较强的适应能力。     

3种胡枝子抗氧化酶和渗透调节物质对干旱和增强UV-B辐射的动态响应

为探究干旱和增强UV-B辐射对3种胡枝子(美丽胡枝子、二色胡枝子、牛枝子)抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质的影响,采用盆栽试验,研究了正常生长(CK)、干旱胁迫(D)、增强UV-B辐射(UV-B)及二者复合胁迫(D+UV-B)下各植物叶片中抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质的动态响应.结果表明:3种处理下各植物叶片中SOD活性较对照值均呈先下降后上升趋势,且与单因子处理相比,牛枝子和二色胡枝子在复合胁迫下其SOD活性更高;增强UV-B辐射和复合处理下POD活性随胁迫时间总体呈先上升后下降趋势;CAT活性在干旱和复合胁迫下高于对照值,而在增强UV-B辐射下较对照值有所下降.3种植物叶片渗透调节物质含量(可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸)在各处理中较对照值均有所增加,并呈先上升后下降趋势,但种间差异显著.3种处理均导致各植物叶片内MDA含量不同程度的升高,升高幅度的大小依次为牛枝子＞美丽胡枝子＞二色胡枝子.通过隶属函数法综合评价得出,复合处理下二色胡枝子和美丽胡枝子具有较强的抗氧化能力,牛枝子抗氧化能力较弱.综上,与干旱胁迫和增强UV-B辐射相比,复合胁迫对植物的伤害程度更小,说明干旱与增强UV-B辐射可以相互缓减彼此对植物的伤害,且美丽胡枝子和二色胡枝子在抵抗干旱胁迫和增强UV-B辐射方面具有一定优势.     

韩国工业化推进过程中的土地利用与经济发展关系分析研究

将土地与经济发展间的相关度及其变化进行比较分析发现。韩国工业化在加速阶段和工业化后期的整个工业化推进过程中，耕地减少与GDP、工业化服务业增加值、固定资产投资及其城市化水平变化是不同的：土地对经济发展影响程度在工业化加速阶段的相对弹性影响度系数很强，而到了工业化后期．影响度则比以前明显减弱；即使到了工业化后期．如果不能继续实施严格的农地保护制度。而过分强调平抑地价．降低土地供给成本．那么农地资源消耗速度仍将持续走高，不会自动进入农地资源消耗的平稳期。虽然不同国家有所差异。但是，我们从中可以得出很多有益的结论和启示。对我国强化土地管理．保证经济持续稳定发展有重大的借鉴意义。     

江西产业结构调整与人力资源开发关系实证研究

产盐结构的调整与人力资源开发有着密切的关系，但理论界就人力资源开发对产业发展及结构调整的作用研究得甚少。从江西的定量分析可以看出人力资源开发对江西产业发展及结构调整有促进作用。江西产业结构的进一步调整又对人力资源提出新需求。因此需提出相应的对策。     

西部地区中小企业成长环境分析与优化途径

中小企业是西部地区经济建设中不可忽视的重要力量，在西部大开发和加入WTO的双重背景下，他们面临着新的机遇和挑战。发展西部地区的中小企业，直接关系到西部大开发战略实施的成效，应对这个“弱热群体”给予更多的关注。为促进西部地区中小企业的发展，中央政府应加大合理干预的力度；西部地区各级政府应积极实施职能创新为中小企业的成长创造条件；中小企业自身在管理和技术上应寻求新的突破口和着力点，合理定位优势产业。     

中国社会发展的战略构想

本文建立了“经济发展主要靠市场,社会发展主要靠政策”的总体调控模式,强调了建立国家级十大调控体系和具体指标体系的必要性,阐述了社会发展战略的立足点,发展观念的转变及发展模式的正确选择。     

黄河中游地区水土流失治理与经济发展战略选择

根治黄河中游地区严重的水土流失,恢复其昔日良好的生态环境状况,自然条件是具备的,技术上是成熟的。为实现上述目标,在经济上摆脱贫困是前提,选择发展战略是关键。基于上述看法,本文提出了黄河中游地区经济发展战略及农业生产结构调整的基本途径和政策措施。     

内蒙古能源结构调整的CO_2减排成本初探

在全球气候变化问题不断升温的大背景下,低碳经济的概念频繁见诸报端。节能减排是内蒙古发展低碳经济的必由之路。优化能源结构,合理布局区域经济,是内蒙古实现节能减排,并保持经济快速发展的重要内容。因而,研究内蒙古能源结构调整引起的CO2减排成本变化非常有意义。     

A meteorologically adjusted ensemble Kalman filter approach for inversing daily emissions: A case study in the Pearl River Delta, China

The conventional Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), which is now widely used to calibrate emission inventories and to improve air quality simulations, is susceptible to simulation errors of meteorological inputs, making accurate updates of high temporal-resolution emission inventories challenging. In this study, we developed a novel meteorologically adjusted inversion method (MAEInv) based on the EnKF to improve daily emission estimations. The new method combines sensitivity analysis and bias correction to alleviate the inversion biases caused by errors of meteorological inputs. For demonstration, we used the MAEInv to inverse daily carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China. In the case study, 60% of the total CO simulation biases were associated with sensitive meteorological inputs, which would lead to the overestimation of daily variations of posterior emissions. Using the new inversion method, daily variations of emissions shrank dramatically, with the percentage change decreased by 30%. Also, the total amount of posterior CO emissions estimated by the MAEInv decreased by 14%, indicating that posterior CO emissions might be overestimated using the conventional EnKF. Model evaluations using independent observations revealed that daily CO emissions estimated by MAEInv better reproduce the magnitude and temporal patterns of ambient CO concentration, with a higher correlation coefficient (R, +37.0%) and lower normalized mean bias (NMB, -17.9%). Since errors of meteorological inputs are major sources of simulation biases for both low-reactive and reactive pollutants, the MAEInv is also applicable to improve the daily emission inversions of reactive pollutants.     

Working with indicators: description of states of territorial adjustment for protected natural areas

As is the case to date with respect to sustainability indicators, there is an enormous quantity of information available about their basic components (social, economic and environmental), but these are generally dealt with in a sectoral and fragmented manner, and the components have been analysed and approached in a more or less independent fashion. On the other hand, it is difficult to find indicators that encompass all the dimensions of sustainability. The topic chosen for this research is sustainability organised in a systematic fashion, which entails taking the combination of issues that affect each subsystem and investigating the states of territorial adjustment that exist between each of them. In short, it is the possibility of establishing a sustainable territorial development pattern, accepting that the economic and social activities that utilise the natural resources influence sustainability, and that they will do so to a greater or lesser extent depending on the effectiveness of the conservation of the stock of resources. The Territorial Adjustment Indicator System (TAIS) is a good tool that enables the management, assessment and monitoring of development processes in PNAs (protected natural areas), facilitating homogeneity and uniformity to aid comparison between protected areas in the centre-south of Spain, principally those areas designated as natural parks (NPs).