中国地理资源期刊集群微信融平台经营的实践与经验

随着官媒时代的终结,以微信公众号为代表的新媒体的盛行,强烈地冲击着传统纸媒。微信公众号能够增加期刊与读者群之间的“粘性”,从而扩大期刊的学术影响力和社会知名度。在中国地理资源期刊网微信公众号的运行实践基础上,系统总结期刊微信融平台经营的实践与经验,并以《地理研究》等数据为例,阐述微信推送对期刊产生的综合作用,以期为科研微信融平台的运行提供指导和借鉴意义。研究结果表明：（1）科研微信融平台上生产好微推需遵守十四条原则、十一条创意要求;（2）坚持不懈地在微信公众号上发送消息,可以增加编辑与读者之间的交流、拓展读者范围、增加文章的下载量和被引量,从而树立学术期刊的品牌形象,提升期刊的学术影响力;（3）集群化的科研微信融平台的运行,一定要注意共同维护平台形象、谁制作谁负责、合理安排发文量和发文时间、个刊微平台实现互补等。持续地创意和推出微推,需要长期坚持,把期刊编辑和学术研究、移动互联时代、全媒体手段等积极“融”起来,实现期刊由传统纸质出版向富媒体出版、期刊由文献生产者向学科与社会集成型知识服务提供平台的两大根本性转型,才是期刊的根本出路。     

2015~2019年日照市PM2.5长期变化特征及其潜在源区分析

利用2015~2019年山东省日照市PM_2.5质量浓度和气象要素的小时数据,对日照市PM_2.5季节污染特征和日照市海陆风特征进行了分析,并基于HYSPLIT模式计算了5年逐日02：00、08：00、14：00和20：00（BTC）的48h后向轨迹,不仅通过轨迹聚类分析和潜在源区分析探讨了日照市不同季节PM_2.5主要传输路径和其轨迹污染特征及其潜在源区分布和贡献,也分析了海陆风对日照市污染物的影响.结果表明：日照市PM_2.5呈现冬季最高、夏季最低的分布特征,监测站点颗粒物浓度在偏西北风影响下较高.日照市不同季节主要输送路径存在差异：春季主要受到偏东和偏北方向气流影响;夏季在副热带高压影响下主要受到来自海上的较为清洁的偏东气流影响;秋季主要受到西北和偏东气流影响;冬季主要受西北和偏北气流影响.整体而言,不同季节受偏西至偏南气流影响时,日照市对应的PM_2.5浓度较高.日照市海陆风春秋季多,夏冬季少;在海陆风影响下,日照市PM_2.5污染和臭氧污染呈现不同的分布特征,且在不同PM_2.5污染等级下,PM_2.5浓度日变化特征也与其在非海陆风日的日变化有所差异.污染潜在源区分析结果表明,日照市最主要的潜在源区位于山东省临沂市、潍坊市、青岛市和江苏省连云港市.     

GIS‐Based Stream Classification in a Mountain Watershed for Jurisdictional Evaluation

This study analyzed stream characteristics in a mountain watershed in southwestern Colorado and developed a three‐level hierarchical classification scheme using national datasets to demonstrate jurisdictional evaluation as “waters of the United States (U.S.)” under U.S. Clean Water Act Section 404 at the watershed scale. The National Hydrography Dataset and USGS StreamStats were used with field observations to classify streams in the 53 km² Cement Creek Watershed based on flow duration (Level 1), stream order (Level 2), and other biophysical metrics (Level 3). Kruskal‐Wallis tests and discriminant analysis showed significant differences among Level 2 classes. Level 3 classification used cluster analysis for stream length, distance to the downstream traditional navigable water (TNW), and the ratio of mean annual flow from the source stream to the TNW. Results showed all perennial and intermittent streams are jurisdictional relatively permanent waters (RPWs), which include over a third of all streams, 64% are intermittent or ephemeral, and almost half are ephemeral first order. All ephemeral reaches are non‐RPWs requiring significant nexus evaluation to determine jurisdiction. These ephemeral first‐order streams can contribute 5% of the annual flow to the TNW at the confluence, while the Cement Creek main stem contributes 21% of the TNW flow. The study demonstrated that the classification provides key biophysical and regulatory information to aid jurisdictional evaluations in mountain watersheds.     

适宜太湖蓝藻水华形成的风场辐散特征及其形成机制

对太湖周边17个气象观测站的7年常规观测资料聚类分析发现,在适宜蓝藻水华形成的高温、微风气象条件下,太湖湖面风场往往出现辐散特征,在此辐散风场的驱动下,蓝藻水华迁移过程必然与均匀风场驱动下有所不同;数值模拟结果显示,这种辐散风场是由于非绝热加热不均匀造成的局地次级环流叠加在弱的背景风场之上引起的;其强弱程度是受湖陆温差和背景风速共同决定的,并据此给出了湖面风场辐散强度指数.     

城市生态工业系统模拟、优化调控方法研究

工业化是城市实现现代化与可持续发展的必经阶段,但面临着严重的资源与环境问题。生态工业是实现生产发展、资源利用和环境保护良性循环的有效模式。文章在依据工业生态学原理对长春经济技术开发区玉米、汽车零部件产业链进行规划基础上,采用系统动力学vensim模型进行模拟与优化调控。最后结合灰色系统方法完成系统多种替代方案的多级评价,促进以工业代谢过程为核心的资源高效利用和环境影响最小化。结果表明,所建立的长春经济技术开发区生态工业系统动力学仿真模型可对其结构、功能进行分析,确定不同子系统间的动态作用关系,并得到不同规划方案时变条件下的发展结果。结合灰色聚类评估能够定量地反映系统在不同发展战略下的行为,并确定最优方案,具有较强可操作性。长春经济技术开发区生态环境现状较好,但随着经济发展和人口聚集,环境压力将加大,就此问题提出相应环境影响减缓和保护措施。     

水葫芦内生细菌脂肪酸生物标记特性研究（Characteristics of PLFA Biomarkers for the Endophyte Bacteria inside Eichhornia crassipe（Mart.）Solms）

应用基于微生物细胞脂肪酸成分鉴定的全自动微生物鉴定系统,鉴定水葫芦内生细菌25株,分属15个属.共检测到27个脂肪酸生物标记(PLFAs),这些生物标记分为4种类型,即(1)高频次分布:在25株细菌中出现13～22次,属于细菌总体类群(general)的生物标记.(2)中频次分布:在25株细菌中出现5～7次,可以用于代表细菌属类群(genus)识别生物标记.(3)低频次分布:在细菌中的分布概率较小,可以用于指示特定细菌种间差异的生物标记.(4)微频次分布:仅在一种细菌种类出现,是细菌种(species)特征生物标记.利用脂肪酸生物标记分析同属细菌不同种的差异,可将微杆菌属分为2类,第1类包括菌株9Microbacterium barkeri和11Microbacterium imperiale,这两个菌株17:0ISO和14:0ISO的脂肪酸生物标记含量均为0.第2类包括10Microbacterium esteraromaticum、12Microbacterium lacticum和13Microbacterium liquefaciens,这3个菌株均含有17:0ISO脂肪酸生物标记而区别于第一类菌株.利用脂肪酸生物标记的差异对25株内生细菌进行聚类分析,可将水葫芦内生细菌类群分为4类.不同植物内生菌群落中存在着特异的生物标记,利用特征脂肪酸生物标记的分析方法,分析水葫芦内生细菌的群体特性,对于植物内生菌微生物群落的研究具有重要意义.     

牛栏江污染物源解析与空间差异性分析

牛栏江-滇池补水是缓解滇池生态用水短缺的重要工程,对牛栏江流域主要污染源与空间差异性的识别分析,将有助于进一步改善牛栏江的水质. 采用CFA(对应分析)对牛栏江流域污染源进行解析识别,结果表明流域内TN、NH₃-N(氨氮)等污染物主要来源于嵩明县境内,TP、氟化物等污染物主要来源于寻甸县境内. 在CFA分析的基础上,采用HCA(层次聚类分析)和SOM(自组织映射神经网络)对4个监测点、10种污染物指标进行分析,以识别空间分布的差异性和相似性,并且评价各指标的空间分布特征及监测点代表性. 结果表明:4个监测点中,TP、氟化物、砷化物、Vph(挥发酚)在寻甸县境内的七星桥污染最严重;TN、NH₃-N在牛栏江上游嵩明县境内的四营污染最重. 结合流域污染负荷调查可知,寻甸县的磷负荷最大,占流域总负荷的58.73%,七星桥的TP污染贡献大于其他3个监测点,与七星桥TP污染最为严重相符合. 该研究结果可为牛栏江流域实施进一步的分段治理提供决策支撑.      

Status and fuzzy comprehensive assessment of metals and arsenic contamination in farmland soils along the Yanghe River,China

Concentrations of metals and arsenic in farmland soils along the Yanghe River, upstream of Guanting Reservoir, were evaluated using fuzzy comprehensive assessment (FCA). FCA is an emerging methodology for assessing environmental status based on fuzzy logic which can model linguistic data and represent chaotic conditions. The ratio of concentrations of metals and arsenic (As) in surface soils of farmland along the Yanghe River to the corresponding reference values decreased in the order Cd>Zn>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As. Based on the FCA, 86% of surface soils along the Yanghe River were classified as grade C, which is suitable for forestry with a greater absorption capacity, suggesting that most farmland along the Yanghe River has to be abandoned as farmland. In order to improve the quality of soil along the Yanghe River and avoid degeneration of water quality in the river and the Guanting Reservoir, remediation of farmland soils along the river is suggested.     

An evaluation of heavy metals contamination in soils from Ganzhou navel orange orchards by geoaccumulation indexes and statistical analysis

Heavy metal pollution in orchard soils is of increasing concern owing to the potential health risk via the food chain. The evaluations of the degree of heavy metal contamination and the potential sources in soils from navel orange orchards in the Ganzhou district were investigated in the present study with the geoaccumulation index and hierarchical cluster analysis. The soil samples were collected from 280 navel orange orchards located in the 18 counties of the Ganzhou district. The concentrations of heavy metals in the samples were determined using atomic fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with sample preparation by microwave digestion system. The results of the geoaccumulation index showed that the Ganzhou navel orange orchards were practically uncontaminated with Hg, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Cu, while uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with Ni. The results of cluster analysis indicated that four distinct clusters emerged for 18 sampling counties, and the considerable differences between clusters were derived from the different kinds of polluted substances. Results of the assessment of geoaccumulation index of heavy metals in soils will be helpful for the formulation of strategic sustainable agriculture in Ganzhou navel orchards and improvement of the navel orange yield and quality.     

Chemometrical analysis of waste water monitoring data from Yantra river basin,Bulgaria

A chemometrical study of waste water data is carried out in order to reveal some new information about the pollution events in Yantra river basin, Bulgaria. Cluster analysis shows that no substantial difference in the behaviour of various sites along the river could be found if all chemical pollutants are simultaneously considered as variables (both for direct and indirect inlet of pollutants). Further, the clustering of the variables indicates a separation between organic and nutrition polluting species. The principal components analysis offered information about the latent factors influencing the data structure. In principle, three to four such latent factors explain over 80% of the total variance of the system. These factors are conditionally named “organic pollution”;, “nutrition pollution”; or “natural”; and are slightly different for the cases of direct and indirect inlet.