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131.
132.
2013年10月至2014年7月,在太原城区,分4个月采集大气细颗粒物,每个月选取4个样品,分析了颗粒物上8种有机磷酸酯阻燃剂(OPFRs)的浓度与组成。结果表明,大气PM2.5样品中OPFRs总浓度算术平均值为890±486 pg/m3,其中三种含氯有机磷阻燃剂(TCEP,TCPP和TDCPP)占总量的80%,其他5种无氯OPFRs占总量的20%。化合物组成上,以TCPP(38.5%)最高,其次分别为TCEP(34.6%)、TPP(9.6%)、TDCPP(6.9%)、TTP(5.1%)、TBP(3.2%)、Eh DPP(1.1%)和TEHP(0.8%)。季节变化来看,夏秋季样品中OPFRs浓度较高,而冬春样品浓度较低,且在化合物组成上,夏秋季样品中含氯OPFRs相对浓度要高于冬春季样品。相关分析显示,有机磷阻燃剂浓度变化与颗粒物浓度、有机质含量高低和环境温度无相关性,而主要与气团来源有关。 相似文献
133.
雌激素受体(Estrogen Receptor,ER)ERα和ERβ能与雌激素特异性结合,它们在结构上的差异性可能影响与类雌激素的相互作用,这进而会影响其功能.因此,针对10种有机磷农药对ERα和ERβ的雌激素效应差异,采用分子对接方法比较分析了它们与ERα、ERβ相互作用的差异并筛选出与ERα和ERβ相互作用的最佳结合模式.结果发现,10种有机磷农药分子与ERα配体结合域(Ligand Binding Domain,LBD)精氨酸(Arg394)、赖氨酸(Lys449)、色氨酸(Trp393)形成氢键;而部分农药分子与ERβLBD精氨酸(Arg346)、亮氨酸(Leu343)、赖氨酸(Lys401)形成氢键.有机磷农药配体与ERαLBDArg394、Lys449、苯丙氨酸(Phe445)、脯氨酸(Pro324)、Leu387、谷氨酸(Glu353)、甘氨酸(Gly390)等存在疏水作用,与ERβLBD氨基酸Arg346、Glu305、Leu343、蛋氨酸(Met336)、组氨酸(His279)、丙氨酸(Ala302)等存在疏水作用.采用量子化学从头算进一步分析了10种有机磷农药分子表面静电势的差异.研究发现,有机磷农药分子与ERα和ERβ受体不同的相互作用是导致雌激素效应差异的重要原因. 相似文献
134.
José A. Manzanilla-Cano Manuel H. Barceló-Quintal Ligia Del C. Alcocer-Can Tania I. Coral-Martínez 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):274-278
Photochemical degradation of methylparathion (O,O,–dimethyl O-4 nitrophenylphosphorothioate) in the presence of fulvic acid (FA) between pH 2 and 7 was studied by differential pulse polarography (DPP). Fulvic acid and its photoproducts were not electro-active under the experimental conditions used in this study, and only the pesticide exhibited polarographic signals. Photolysis of methylparathion in acid media was sensitized by fulvic acid since the pesticide did not degrade in the absence of this compound. Methylparathion degradation was observed at each of the studied pHs. The reaction was first-order with rate constant values ranging from 3.3 × 10?3 to 8.8 × 10?3min?1. 相似文献
135.
Rada D. Đurović Tijana M. Đorđević 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(9):851-857
The influence of organic matter and clay contents on headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) determination of triazine and organophosphorus pesticides in different soils was studied. The results of the study showed that content of soil organic matter dominantly participated in sorption of triazines (simazine, atrazine and prometryn) to soil, while sorption of organophosphorus pesticides (phorate and tebupirimfos) could not be explained only by contents of dominant soil sorption components (soil organic matter and clay). Sorption of all pesticides studied to different soil types was similar at their lower concentrations while the influence of soil composition was expressed at higher concentration levels. Except for phorate, the obtained sorption trends were different from those obtained by direct SPME mode (DM-SPME) and exhaustive liquid-solid extraction (LSE) method. These results indicated that most likely co-extractants from the analyzed medium complicated evaporation and diffusion of the pesticides to the PDMS fiber during HS-SPME sampling. 相似文献
136.
E. Enan I. G. Berberian S. El‐Fiki M. El‐Masry O. H. Enan 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):149-170
Abstract Male Baladi rabbits were acutely and sub‐chronically intoxicated with cyanofenphos and profenophos. The levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, B‐lipoproteins and total proteins were determined in the serum, brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerve of rabbits. Moreover, the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase were determined in the liver of the animals. The whole Studie revealed that the biochemical constituents were highly affected by the tested insecticides. Also, the liver function suffered from adverse effects of the tested insecticides. 相似文献
137.
以典型有机磷阻燃剂磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯(TCPP)为研究对象,应用GH3细胞增殖实验检测TCPP对甲状腺激素的干扰效应;应用重组甲状腺激素受体(TR)基因酵母实验和GH3(TRβ-)细胞增殖实验结合实时定量PCR技术初步探究TCPP甲状腺激素干扰作用机理.结果表明,TCPP在1×10-4mol/L和2×10-4mol/L浓度下对甲状腺激素T3诱导的GH3细胞增殖产生抑制效应;重组TR基因酵母实验和GH3(TRβ-)细胞增殖实验测试结果表明TCPP可能通过TR介导的基因组途径和非基因组途径诱导甲状腺激素干扰效应;实时定量PCR测试结果表明TCPP下调相关基因如:c-fos、TRβ、integrin-av和k-ras的mRNA表达,初步认为TCPP可能通过影响TRβ基因表达和激活αvβ3-ERK-1/2信号通路产生甲状腺激素干扰效应. 相似文献
138.
Mukherjee I 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,86(3):265-271
This article presents the development of a multiresidue method forthe estimation of 30 insecticides, 15 organochlorineinsecticides and 6 organophosphorus insecticides, 9 syntheticpyrethriods and 2 herbicides and their quantificationin vegetables. The monitoring study indicates that though allthe vegetable samples were contaminated with pesticides, only31% of the samples contained pesticides above the prescribedtolerance limit. 相似文献
139.
The residues of 31 chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), 25 chlorophenols (CPs), 30 organophosphorus (OP) and pyrethroid (PRT)
in two arable soils from the semi-arid and subtropical regions of China were assessed. Data obtained indicate that the main
compounds of CHC pesticide residues in the semi-arid soil were 4,4′-DDE (25.3 ng/g) and β-HCH (14.1 ng/g), which totally accounted
to about 90% of total CHC residues detected. The total content of CHC residues detected in the subtropical soil was only 3.1
ng/g, of which approximately 50% was β-HCH. However, the total content of CP residues in both of the soils was about 11 ng/g.
In the semi-arid soil, only parathion-methyl amongst the 30 compounds of OP and PRT residues was detected (32.5 ng/g), whilst
malathion and parathion-methyl (8.7 and 17.7 ng/g, respectively) detected in the subtropical soil. Based on these results,
it was suggested the environmental risk of pesticide residues ranked in an order as CHCs (mainly as 4,4′-DDE, β-HCH) > OP
(parathion-methyl) > CPs for the semi-arid soil, and as OPs (parathion-methyl and malathion) > CPs > CHCs (β-HCH) for the
subtropical soil. 相似文献
140.