丝孢酵母TX1降酚动力学研究及过程优化

针对自行分离筛选出的高效降酚丝孢酵母菌株TX1,通过不同初始浓度苯酚分批培养系列实验结果和分析,建立其降酚动力学模型,并在此基础上进行过程优化.结果表明,体系的生长动力学可以用Haldane方程描述,其参数分别为μmax=0.667 h-1,KS=51.14 mg/L,Ki=271.7 mg/L.参数说明TX1能较快地...     

基于TUD模型模拟优化MSBR工艺反硝化脱氮除磷

基于TUD模型（delftuniversityoftechnologymodel）对实验室MSBR（modifiedsequencingbatchreactor）工艺进行了模拟与优化,强化反硝化除磷,以提高系统脱氮除磷效率。结果表明,工艺运行参数为厌氧池90min、好氧池90min、SBR池缺氧段150min、污泥回流比1．0和污泥龄15d时,MSBR工艺COD、TN以及磷酸盐去除效率达95％,92％和83％;SBR池缺氧段吸磷量达到23．20mg／L,占系统总吸磷量43％左右;好氧池和SBR池缺氧段平均吸磷速率分别为0．35—0．42和0．12～0．17mgPO4^3-P／（L·min）。TUD模型能够较好模拟各水质组分在MSBR工艺空间和时间上的浓度分布,COD和NH4＋-N的模拟误差低于15％,PO4^3-P模拟值高于实测值5％左右。     

造纸污泥生物干化特性及其影响因素实验研究

采用自主设计的污泥生物干化实验装置,研究了造纸污泥生物干化特性及其影响因素。重点研究了物料配比和评价参数（温度、pH值、含水率、挥发性固体、ATP含量和淀粉分解菌数量等）的变化规律。结果表明：通过正交实验获得生物干化的最优物料配比为：淀粉（25g／500g）、锯末（40g／500g）、接种量（15mL／500g）和磷酸二氢钾（5g／500g）。造纸污泥生物干化过程中,物料温度、pH值、含水率、挥发性固体、ATP含量和淀粉分解菌数量等指标变化规律性强,效果指示性明显,均可作为污泥干化效果的表征参数。在最优工艺条件下,污泥温度达到47．8℃,经过7d生物反应后,含水率降低到50．3％,挥发性固体降低到49．5％,生物干化效果显著。     

登沙河流域水质监测断面优化研究

基于大连市登沙河监测断面的水质数据,采用系统聚类法、模糊聚类法和物元分析法进行优化,筛选代表性断面.结果表明,优化后的监测断面个数减少了40％,相关性较高的相邻断面个数由优化前的71％减少为54％,优化前、后的样本方差齐且均值无显著性差异.优化后的监测断面在显著提高效率的同时也确保了数据的代表性,使得断面重复布设情况得...     

改进的"两相优化法"在排水管网优化设计中的应用

介绍了改进的"两相优化法"在排水管网管径和埋深的优化设计中的应用.改进的方法依次从充满度、坡度、流速3方面对管段进行优化设计.通过算例分析可知,改进的方法较原方法优化效果更好,工程造价更低.     

含油废水处理工艺优化研究

在已开发的含油废水处理装置的基础上,对其整体结构、旋分分离部分进行改进,并筛选出性能优良的填料。将原处理装置的单向旋分器改进为双向旋分器、采用YS填料之后,对石油类浓度低于400mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达到90%以上;石油类浓度低于80mg/L的含油废水,经该装置处理后,石油类的去除率达95%,石油类的浓度小于10mg/L,达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8798-1996)二级标准的要求。改进后的装置对高、中、低不同浓度石油类的含油废水均有较好的处理效果。     

Application of an entropy-based Bayesian optimization technique to the redesign of an existing monitoring network for single air pollutants

We apply the entropy-based Bayesian optimizing approach of Le and Zidek to the spatial redesign of the extensive air pollution monitoring network operated by Metro Vancouver, in the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia. This method is chosen because of its statistical sophistication, relative to other possible approaches, and because of the very rich, two-decade long data record available from this network. The redesign analysis is applied to ozone, carbon monoxide and PM_2.5 pollutants.     

Evidence Supporting Cap and Trade as a Groundwater Policy Option for Reducing Irrigation Consumptive Use1

Thompson, Christopher L., Raymond J. Supalla, Derrel L. Martin, and Brian P. McMullen, 2009. Evidence Supporting Cap and Trade as a Groundwater Policy Option for Reducing Irrigation Consumptive Use. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 45(6):1508‐1518. Abstract: In the American West water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource. Obligations to bordering states, endangered species protection, and long‐term resource sustainability objectives have created a need for most western states to reduce the consumption of irrigation water. In Nebraska specifically, the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources (NDNR) and local Natural Resource Districts (NRDs) are meeting a large part of this need by using a regulatory approach, commonly called groundwater allocation. The cost of allocation, which occurs in the form of reduced economic returns to irrigation, could be greatly reduced by using an integrated cap and trade approach. Much like environmental cap and trade programs which are used to reduce the cost of limiting environmental pollution, the trading of capped groundwater allocations can reduce the cost of limiting water use. In an analysis of a typical case in the Nebraska Republican Basin, we found that the impact of a water market to trade groundwater allocations depended on the size of the allocation and on the characteristics of the land and irrigation systems involved in the trade. Potential economic benefits from trade ranged from US$0 to US$120 per 1,000 cubic meters traded, from US$25 to US$250 per 1,000 cubic meters of reduction in consumptive use, and from US$16 to US$50 per hectare of irrigated land in the region. The highest benefits occurred at relatively high allocations, which capped withdrawals at 65‐75% of the expected unrestricted pumping level. These gains from trade would be split between buyers and sellers based on the negotiated selling price.     

危险品运输网络中运输方式和路径优化研究

在危险品运输网络中,往往有多种运输方式和多条运输路径。不同运输方式在不同路径上发生事故所造成的损失不同,不同运输方式的单位运输成本也不同。本文研究了在给定运输起点和终点的情况下,在综合考虑事故所造成的损失最小和运输成本最小的情况下,运输方式和运输路径的选择方法。通过一个仿真例子说明了模型的求解方法和实际效果,并与单一运输方式的方案进行了对比。结果表明考虑运输方式的组合,在一定程度上可以降低危险品运输过程中的社会总期望损失和运输成本。     

浅析矿井通风系统的优化

我国部分煤矿采用复杂落后、较不安全合理的通风系统是造成煤矿瓦斯重大事故的直接原因。只有通过优化矿井通风系统,才能达到“系统简单、安全可靠、经济合理”。本文通过介绍矿井通风系统优化理论,并分析大宁煤矿优化通风系统实例,得出矿井优化通风系统的必要性结沦。