Al2O3催化臭氧化处理邻苯二甲酸二甲酯

'Al₂O₃催化剂对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)溶液臭氧化过程的影响结果表明:Al₂O₃可以显著提高臭氧氧化的效果,反应120min后,TOC的去除率从单独臭氧氧化的23.9%提高到55.1%.实验中还考察了制备条件对Al₂O₃催化剂活性的影响并确定了反应的最佳工艺条件.在实验考察的范围内:焙烧温度600℃,Al₂O₃粒径为0.5～1.0mm时催化活性最高;最佳反应工艺条件为:催化剂投加量20g/L,混和气体流速200mL/min,反应温度15℃.通过单独臭氧氧化,单独臭氧氧化后再进行催化剂吸附,催化臭氧化的对比实验证明了Al₂O₃催化剂对体系TOC的去除主要是基于催化作用.     

The relationship between oxygen consumption rate and temperature during coal spontaneous combustion

Spontaneous combustion is a major natural disaster in coal production. In the process of exploring coal self-ignition, a series of hypotheses have been put forward, most scholars agree that the current coal-oxygen compound theory. Oxygen consumption rate reflects the status of coal spontaneous combustion, and it is also one of the parameters necessary for numerical simulation of coal spontaneous combustion. In this paper, a coal heating and oxidation experiment was designed, Experimental device consists of heating and oxidation furnace, gas chromatograph, temperature control and data acquisition systems and other equipment components. Three coal samples whose weight each is 5 g were selected for the study. By experiment, oxygen concentration at the inlet and outlet of temperature oxidation furnace was measured. Oxygen consumption rate is calculated in the heating process of coal according to air flow. In the Cartesian coordinate system, the temperature as abscissa and the oxygen consumption rate for the longitudinal coordinates, drawing the relationship between oxygen consumption rate and temperature plot. And then regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between oxygen consumption rate and coal temperature during the heating and oxidation process of coal. The results show that the oxygen consumption rate and temperature of coal were linear relationships both before and after the critical temperature when the coal temperature is less than 180 °C. Before the critical temperature oxygen consumption rate is low, however it increases rapidly when coal temperature reaches a critical temperature. The result is important for the prevention and treatment of spontaneous combustion of coal.     

微电解接触氧化系统处理水源中2-氯酚研究

在微电解接触氧化系统中,研究了2-氯酚的降解特性和机理。在酸性溶液中,2-氯酚的降解效率比其在中性和碱性溶液的高。向其中加入活性炭,由于表面催化的作用使得2-氯酚更易降解。溶液中的溶解氧参与电极反应并促进2-氯酚的降解。降解产物有1,2-苯二酚、丙三醇、草酸和乙酸。通过对中间产物的分析,提出了2-氯酚可能的降解途径。     

电化学氧化法预处理超高盐榨菜腌制废水

鉴于超高盐榨菜腌制废水导电性良好,采用电化学氧化法进行预处理(阳极为Ti基RuO₂-TiO₂-IrO₂-SnO₂网状涂层形稳电极),考察初始pH、电流密度、电解时间和极板间距对COD_Cr和氨氮去除率的影响,并探讨该过程中有机物相对分子量的变化规律.结果表明,在电流密度156 mA/cm2、极板间距1.5 cm、初始pH 4.3~5.0、电解时间120 min时,COD_Cr和氨氮去除率较佳,分别为55.74%和99.77%.出水pH升至9.54,盐度由7.0%降至6.4%,大分子有机物转化为小分子有机物,对后续生物处理有利.      

Fenton氧化对污泥脱水性能和溶解性物质作用效果的研究

研究了Fenton氧化技术在改善污泥脱水性能方面的效果,以污泥比阻和毛细吸水时间来表征污泥的脱水性能,探讨了体系的pH和反应时间对污泥脱水性能的影响以及Fenton氧化对污泥溶解性物质(SCOD+多聚糖+蛋白质)含量的影响研究表明,Fenton氧化能够明显改善污泥的脱水性能。在体系的pH=3时,反应1h后,Fenton氧化处理后污泥的CST从处理前的130.9s减少到19.7s,降幅85%;污泥SRF从处理前的3.58×108 s2/g降低到1.05×107 s2/g,降幅97%。同体系处理污泥SCOD、上清液中多聚糖和蛋白质的含量分别增加了3.7倍、2.6倍和1.5倍。     

Promoting effect of vanadium on catalytic activity of Pt/Ce–Zr–O diesel oxidation catalysts

A series of Pt–V/Ce–Zr–O diesel oxidation catalysts was prepared using the impregnation method. The catalytic activity and sulfur resistance of Pt–V/Ce–Zr–O were investigated in the presence of simulated diesel exhaust. The effect of vanadium on the structure and redox properties of the catalysts was also investigated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method,X-ray diffraction, H2temperature-programmed reduction, CO temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Results showed that the Pt particles were well dispersed on the Ce–Zr–O carrier through the vanadium isolation effect, which significantly improved the oxidation activity toward CO and hydrocarbons. An electron-withdrawing phenomenon occurred from V to Pt, resulting in an increase in the metallic nature of platinum, which was beneficial to hydrocarbon molecular activation.     

Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process

The anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch (A²/O OD) process is popularly used to eliminate nutrients from domestic wastewater. In order to identify the existence of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB), evaluate the contribution of DPB to biological nutrient removal, and enhance the denitrifying phosphorus removal in the A²/O OD process, a pilot-scale A²/O OD plant (375 L) was conducted. At the same time batch tests using sequence batch reactors (12 L and 4 L) were operated to reveal the significance of anoxic phosphorus removal. The results indicated that: The average removal efficiency of COD, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻, and TN were 88.2%, 92.6%, 87.8%, and 73.1%, respectively, when the steady state of the pilotscale A²/O OD plant was reached during 31–73 d, demonstrating a good denitrifying phosphorus removal performance. Phosphorus uptake took place in the anoxic zone by poly-phosphorus accumulating organisms NO₂⁻ could be used as electron receptors in denitrifying phosphorus removal, and the phosphorus uptake rate with NO₂⁻ as the electron receptor was higher than that with NO₃⁻ when the initial concentration of either NO₂⁻ or NO₃⁻ was 40 mg/L.     

官厅水库入库水生物接触A/O工艺低温试验研究

试验表明,生物接触A/O工艺可以在低温下稳定运行,对官厅水库入库水中NH₄⁺-N有较好的去除效果,对COD、TN均有一定的去除效果.当温度大幅下降时,在温度下降初期NH₄⁺-N去除率明显下降,但经过一段时间后,NH₄⁺-N去除率逐渐回升,并稳定在较高的去除率水平.在本试验条件下,0～5℃时,进水N₄⁺-N为10mg/L左右,NH₄⁺-N去除率最终稳定在95%以上,出水NH₄⁺-N稳定＜0.5mg/L.另外,温度变化对COD去除效果的影响不明显.镜检结果表明,在0～5℃条件下生物膜中的微生物仍具有较好的活性.     

水解-生物接触氧化-化学投药工艺处理肉类加工废水

采用优势菌投入水解-生物接触氧化-化学投药法应用于肉类加工厂废水处理,通过工程实例,运行结果表明,处理出水水质能稳定达标,而且还具有投资费用少,运行费用低,管理方便等优点。     

弹性填料微孔曝气生物膜法修复污染水源除NH4+-N

采用弹性填料微孔曝气生物接触氧化法对受污染的水源进行修复除NH₄⁺-N效果研究.结果表明,在正常水温20℃～27℃条件下,当污染水源COD_Mn7～14mg/L,NH₄⁺-N 0.7～2.0mg/L和生物修复工艺运行参数HRT为1.4h,气:水=0.5:1,DO为7～9mg/L时,生物修复工艺可去除水源中的NH₄⁺-N为64%～95%;在较低水温7℃～12℃条件下,当污染水源COD_Mn6～11mg/L,NH₄⁺-N 1.2～8.0mg/L和生物修复工艺运行参数HRT为1.4h,气:水=0.5:1,DO为8～10mg/L时,生物修复工艺可去除水源中的NH₄⁺-N为40%～63%.