长良川水质中溶解氧和化学耗氧量预测模型的建立

文章介绍了GMDH(group method of data handling)方法的基本运算法则，运用改进后的GMDH方法，建立长良川溶解氧和化学耗氧量两个水质项目的长期预到模型，模型相关度可达0．96，基本满足要求，并根据模型对水质变化机理进行分析。     

IDENTIFYING DISCHARGE ZONES OF ARSENIC IN THE GOOSE RIVER BASIN,MAINE1

ABSTRACT: Water balance modeling and the analysis of stable water isotopes in ground water were conducted to aid the location of ground water discharge areas within the Goose River basin, in mid‐coastal Maine. Previous investigations of drinking water from wells in the fractured crystalline bedrock encountered persistent elevated total arsenic. Such contamination may be related to discharging ground water from fractured zones in the basin. Modeled discharge rates greater than +10 cm/yr and ¹⁸O values lighter than‐9.5 per mil VSMOW may indicate recent recharge is mixing with deeper ground water and is focused along some fractured zones in arsenic bearing crystalline rocks.     

河流及渔塘底质耗氧变化研究

底质耗氧是影响水体溶解氧含量的重要因素。通过对河流及渔塘的底质耗氧进行测定分析，相应得出了影响底质耗氧量变化的主要因素。     

水体溶解性有机物的化学分级表征:原理与方法

综述了水体溶解性有机物(DOM)的化学分级表征法即树脂吸附分级法(RA)的研究与进展,同时基于该方法存在的一些问题结合我国典型水质体系,从树脂的选择、净化、分级的定义、水样过柱流速、水样树脂体积比的确定等方面进行了研究探讨,给出了完整的实验参数和操作方法.     

二氧化硫质量浓度在线监测子系统

烟气二氧化硫在线监测系统由2个子系统(二氧化硫质量浓度监测子系统和二氧化硫流速及流量监测子系统)构成。文中对系统的监测原理、方案等做了简要介绍,对二氧化硫质量浓度在线监测子系统做了较充分的论述。     

纳米TiO2光电催化氧化法测定COD的影响因素

以纳米TiO2为光阳极,利用薄层微型反应器纳米TiO2光电催化氧化的方法测定COD,具有快速、准确、无二次污染的特点。研究了电解质类型、光源种类等对薄层微型反应器中光电催化测定COD的影响。研究结果表明：与NaNO,和KCl比较,NaH2PO4作电解质时的紫外光吸收低、电极表面氧化性能稳定,性能良好;与镓灯、碘镓灯比较,中压汞灯的紫外光谱丰富、辐射照度大,有利于TiO2光电催化反应的进行;通过热重分析,确定电极薄膜的烧结温度为520℃。     

上海市大气气溶胶中铅污染的综合研究

采用质子激发X荧光分析(PIXE)、质子微探针、电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)和扩展X-射线吸收精细结构谱(EXAFS)等分析手段研究上海市大气气溶胶PM₁₀中铅的浓度、化学种态和铅的源解析.研究发现2002年冬天和2003年上海地区大气气溶胶PM₁₀中铅的平均浓度分别为369ng/m³和224ng/m³,铅的化学种态主要是PbCl₂、PbSO₄和PbO,燃煤烟尘、钢铁烟尘和汽车尾气是主要排放源,它们对气溶胶中铅的贡献率分别为50%、35%和15%.     

Removal of PCDD/Fs and PCBs from sediment by oxygen free pyrolysis

Few studies have dealt on the evaluation of volatilization and decomposition reactions of dioxins from sediment by oxygen free pyrolysis. In this study, the performance of pyrolysis on the removal of dioxins from sediment was investigated. Dioxin concentrations of the raw sediment and the solid residues after pyrolysis were analyzed at different conditions. Results showed a removal efficiency of 99.9999% for total dioxins at 800℃ and retention time of 30 min. All the polychlorinated dibenzo-furans （PCDFs） have been removed and were not formed in the solid residues at the retention time range of 30-90 min at 800℃. Close to 100% removal of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins （PCDDs） was also achieved. Only trace PCDDs were detected in the solid yields at a retention time of 60 min. The highest removal efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） was more than 99.9994% at a retention time of 30 min. During cooling period following pyrolysis, however, the concentration of total dioxins in solid residues increased 130 times as compared to that of the raw sediment under air atmosphere. This confirmed that some complex reactions do occur to form PCDD/Fs and PCBs from 800 to 400℃ in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen-free atmosphere therefore can prevent formation of dioxin during thermal process thus generating clean solid residues.     

重庆地下热水径流特征研究

重庆地下热水资源丰富,但对其径流特征缺乏研究,盲目开采致使许多温泉泉流量减小、水温降低,甚至断流、枯竭。为指导地下热水的科学开采,文章对重庆地下热水的常规化学组分及同位素组分特征进行了研究,分析了地下热水补给、径流条件,指出大气降水为其补给源,补给区在重庆以北大巴山及华莹山背斜华莹山和铜锣峡背斜北端的岩溶露头区,嘉陵江组(T1j)为其储水层,地下热水主要沿背斜T1j地层由北往南流,同一背斜地下热水由北到南为一个统一的热水系统。     

影响生物滤池氧传递速率的几个因素

充足的氧气是进行好氧处理的保证,在传统的生物滤池中,靠的是自然通风供氧,供氧的好坏直接影响到生物滤池处理的效率.探讨了影响氧传递速率的因素,以供环境工程设计者参考.