4-氯苯酚在水溶液中的光化学反应(Ⅰ)单线态氧和自由基的产生

在模拟太阳光照射下，４氯苯酚（４ＣＰ）浓度迅速降低，反应过程对应着产生大量的单线态氧和自由基．金属离子Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３＋能够加速这一过程，尤以Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋的影响更明显；在模拟太阳光照射下，向４ＣＰ体系加入的富里酸（ＦＡ），对４ＣＰ浓度降低略起抑制作用，这表明二者之间存在相互作用．但当再加入金属离子Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３＋后，能够加速４ＣＰ浓度降低，尤以Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋的影响更显著．     

Characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 under the dual influence of the Spring Festival and the COVID-19 pandemic in Yuncheng city

Based on the online and membrane sampling data of Yuncheng from January 1st to February 12th, 2020, the formation mechanism of haze under the dual influence of Spring Festival and COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease) was analyzed. Atmospheric capacity, chemical composition, secondary transformation, source apportionment, backward trajectory, pollution space and enterprise distribution were studied. Low wind speed, high humidity and small atmospheric capacity inhibited the diffusion of air pollutants. Four severe pollution processes occurred during the period, and the pollution degree was the highest around the Spring Festival. In light, medium and heavy pollution periods, the proportion of SNA (SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺) was 59.6%, 56.0% and 54.9%, respectively, which was the largest components of PM_2.5; the [NO₃⁻]/[SO₄²⁻] ratio was 2.1, 1.5 and 1.7, respectively, indicating that coal source had a great influence; the changes of NOR (nitrogen oxidation ratio, 0.44, 0.45, 0.61) and SOR (sulphur oxidation ratio, 0.40, 0.49, 0.65) indicated the accumulation of secondary aerosols with increasing pollution. The coal combustion, motor vehicle, secondary inorganic sources and industrial sources contributed 36.8%, 26.59%, 11.84% and 8.02% to PM_2.5 masses, respectively. Backward trajectory showed that the influence from the east was greater during the Spring Festival, and the pollutants from the eastern air mass were higher, which would aggravate the pollution. Meteorological and Spring Festival had a great impact on heavy pollution weather. Although some work could not operate due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, the emission of pollutants did not reduce much.     

Dynamic fate modeling of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane in the lower reaches of the Liao River

A QWASI model dependent on temperature is parameterized to describe the long-term fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Liao River. The model parameters, namely fugacity capacity, degradation rate, and transfer coefficient, are profoundly affected by temperature. This model is used to simulate the fate of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) in the lower reaches of the Liao River from 1998 to 2008. Modeling results show that γ-HCH fugacity capacities in air, water, and sediment increase as temperature decreases, and the transfer and transformation rate coefficients increase as temperature increases. The variations of transfer and transformation parameter D values depend on fugacity capacities, and transfer and transformation coefficients simultaneously. The performance of the model is evaluated by comparing the predicted and observed concentrations in the water and sediment of the Liao River. The predicted values agree well with the observed value in the order of magnitude, in most cases within the factor of 3. It is believed that the model is appropriate for simulating the long term fate of POPs in the Liao River. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1): 121–125 [译自: 环境科学]     

生物传感器快速测定BOD在海洋监测中的应用

选用一株耐高渗透压的酵母菌种作为敏感材料可以实现BOD的快速测定。采用海藻酸钙包埋法和聚乙烯醇包埋法两种细胞固定化方法并进行了比较。就聚乙烯醇固定化微生物进行了渗稼压和重金属离子影响的研究。     

战略环境评价及其应用初探

概述了战略环境价的概念、产生原因、研究现状及其工作程序，结合川南矿肥工程项目对它进行了应用初探，提出了计划、规划层次ＳＥＡ的方法和指标，并对我国环评工作提出了建议。     

Laws of annual nutrient uptake in a Paulownia plantation

ＬａｗｓｏｆａｎｎｕａｌｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｕｐｔａｋｅｉｎａＰａｕｌｏｗｎｉａｐｌａｎｔａｔｉｏｎ￥ＷｕＧａｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂ...     

沉淀物和生物中U,Th和226Ra的联合测定

用放射化学法对U,Th,~(226)Ra等核素进行联合测定,国外已有不少报道,只是所用的分离方法和所测的介质不同而已。我国学者也做过一些这方面的工作。本工作建立了用三正辛胺-二甲苯萃取分离法对沉积物和生物样中U,Th和~(226)Ra的联合测定方法。 二、主要仪器与试剂     

水葫芦对Zn2+、Cd2+和Fe3+的去除速率

通过静态水培实验和原子吸收分光光度法的测定,发现水葫芦对个别重金属离子累积去除率头两天为Zn≈Cd>Fe,以后为Fe>Zn>Cd;5天中,Cd2 在水葫芦老黄茎叶中的积累量增长了130 0倍;在混合离子培养液中,Zn2 的去除速率明显下降,而Cd2 和Fe3 变化不明显。表明水葫芦在治理含镉废水方面有良好的应用前景。     

减噪路面的降噪机理及其结构

阐述了减噪路面的降噪机理，并提供了几种减噪路面结构及实测数据，对高速公路设计有着重要的参考意义。     

On-line optical determination of floc size of Fe(Ⅲ) coagulants

This study investigated the floc aggregation, average floc size, floc size variance and floc growth velocity when ferric chloride （FeCl3） and polyferric chloride （PFC） were used to treat the simulated water samples. The factors including coagulant dose, ionic strength and solution pH, which affect the floc aggregation, were studied. Experiments were carried out in a bench-scale reactor using photometric dispersion analyzer （ PDA）. Results showed that there were great differences between the floc aggregation of PFC and FeCl3. The average floc size and fioc growth velocity of PFC were much larger than those of FeCl3. Compared with FeCl3, PFC gave a better coagulation performance in wider range of pH, dosage and ionic strength. It was also found that the coagulation efficiency of PFC did not depend on average floc size but on floc growth velocity.