Sustainable development in the BRICS countries: an efficiency analysis by data envelopment

There is much concern about the social and environmental impacts caused by the economic growth of nations. Thus, to evaluate the socio-economic performance of nations, economists have increasingly addressed matters related to social welfare and the environment. It is within the scope of this context that this work discusses the performance of countries in the BRICS group regarding sustainable development. The objective of this study regards evaluating the efficiency of these countries in transforming productive resources and technological innovation into sustainable development. The proposed objective was achieved by using econometric tools as well as the data envelopment analysis method to then create economic, environmental, and social efficiency rankings for the BRICS countries, which enabled to carry out comparative analyses on the sustainable development of those countries. The results of such assessments can be of interest for more specific scientific explorations.     

提高普通丝瓜制种产量的关键技术

丝瓜不仅营养价值丰富,而且具有极高的药用价值,是夏秋之际的美味佳肴和保健佳品,随着种植面积的不断扩大,对种子的需求量也越来越大.本文详细介绍了普通丝瓜制种的催芽、育苗、施肥、浇水、整枝、搭架、授粉、病害防治等关键技术,旨在为进一步提高丝瓜种子繁殖水平提供参考.图13,参5.     

Saving power to conserve your reputation? The effectiveness of private versus public information

Environmental damage is often an unseen byproduct of other activities. Disclosing environmental impact privately to consumers can reduce the costs and/or increase the moral benefits of conservation behaviors, while publicly disclosing such information can provide an additional motivation for conservation - cultivating a green reputation. In a unique field experiment in the residence halls at the University of California – Los Angeles, we test the efficacy of detailed private and public information on electricity conservation. Private information was given through real-time appliance level feedback and social norms over usage, and public information was given through a publicly visible conservation rating. Our analysis is based on 7,120 daily observations about energy use from heating and cooling, lights and plug load for 66 rooms collected over an academic year. Our results suggest that while private information alone was ineffective, public information combined with private information motivated a 20 percent reduction in electricity consumption achieved through lower use of heating and cooling. Public information was particularly effective for above median energy users.     

Investigation on sampling artifacts of particle associated PAHs using ozone denuder systems

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） are complex organic compounds which are identified as significant carcinogenic to human health. PAHs （mainly in particle phase） are susceptible to atmospheric oxidant gases, especially ozone, nitrogen oxides （NOx）, hydroxyl radical （OH）, and could be degraded on filters during sampling process, leading to an underestimation of ambient PAH concentrations. The goal of this work was to investigate particle associated PAHs sampling artifacts caused by ozone in summer of Beijing. Comparative sampling systems were operated simultaneously during the whole campaign, one with activated carbon ozone denuder, the other being set as conventional sampling system. Activated carbon denuder was testified to be highly efficient to eliminate ozone from air stream. In general, nine particle-bound PAHs observed from conventional sampler were all lower than those from ozone denuder system. The total PAHs （particle phase） concentration was averagely underestimated by 35.9% in conventional sampling procedure. Benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） had the highest percentage of mass loss. founded to have influences Ambient temperature was on PAHs sampling artifacts. High temperature can increase loss of particle associated PAHs during sampling.     

运用"6 σ管理法"的思想改善安全管理

尝试将“6σ管理法”的思想引入安全管理活动中,把安全管理活动设计成一定的管理流程,通过分析流程中每个过程的偏差或缺陷,从而找出消除偏差或缺陷的方法并加以实施,追求安全管理的精细和完美,最终实现安全生产。     

几种捕集高比电阻粉尘的电收尘器的机理

详细论述了影响电收尘器收尘效率的主要因素,指出常规电收尘器在捕集高比电阻粉尘时产生反晕现象,从而使收尘效率大大降低,并且提出几种适用于捕集高比电阻粉尘的电除尘结构,对开发新型电收尘器有一定的指导作用。     

安全生产技术支撑体系建立的研究

为了解决安全生产事故预防和事故处理方面的技术保障问题,加强对安全生产的监督和监察,必须建立各级安全生产技术支撑体系专业中心。建设的目的是围绕加强灾害事故的鉴定分析、灾害预防、安全技术的研究以及直接为国家各级安全生产监管监察机构履行职责提供技术支撑等。就省级企事业中非矿行业的安全生产技术支撑体系的建立作了初步研究,提出自己的观点,为各级工业安全生产技术支撑体系中心的建立提供可参考的依据。     

煤矿安全生产协同监控系统分析与设计

针对煤矿安全生产多套监控系统并存的现状,通过将煤矿系统模块化,形成了基于安全信息管理数据库的安全生产协同监控系统.该系统能够以工作场所为单位综合分析各类安全信息,协调各部门的安全生产工作,为其提供参考,同时节约资源,减少操作人员,提高危险源辨识准确性,预测事故并将其消灭在萌芽状态,形成闭环安全管理.     

加强发证检验工作确保海上石油生产安全

针对国家关于海上石油天然气生产设施检验和石油作业安全管理的相关规定,结合胜利油田开展发证检验工作的实际情况。对当前海上石油生产设施发证检验过程中存在的问题进行了探究,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

油田生产设施环境安全距离理论与估算方法初探

石油生产会带来各种不利的环境影响,甚至造成许多重大安全隐患,并由此对区域生态环境构成严重威胁.对此笔者提出环境安全距离概念及其理论模型,并结合油田主要生产设施的环境影响分析,给出了油田生产过程中气体污染物排放、噪声污染、井喷、管线泄漏和火灾爆炸的环境安全距离估算方法,从而为减轻油田生产的潜在环境影响和损害,解决城市规划建设与油田已建设施之间的矛盾和确保油田生产的环境安全提供科学依据和管理对策.