气浮过滤法处理印染废水

高效气浮工艺是处理印染废水的有效方法,通过在溶气罐中使用高效填料、优化设计溶气释放器及使用双层快滤,可大大提高处理效果。     

Degradation of Starch–Calcium Carbonate Disposable Packaging in a Solid Waste Composting Facility

The compostability of starch–CaCO₃ disposable packaging was examined in a source-separated municipal solid waste (MSW) composting facility located in East Hampton, NY. Source-separated MSW:starch–CaCO₃ container mixtures of 0 (control), 5, and 20% (by volume) were prepared as feedstock for composting. Compost samples were collected weekly or biweekly during the composting process and examined for fragments of the starch–CaCO₃ containers. Changes in compost quality due to the presence of starch–CaCO₃ containers were assessed by measuring the nutrient and metal content of the three resultant MSW:starch–CaCO₃ composts. Finally, plant growth studies were conducted to examine the composts for possible plant growth inhibition due to the deterioration of the starch–CaCO₃ containers. Results showed that portions of the starch–CaCO₃ containers were not identified in any of the 5 and 20% sieved and characterized compost fractions > 1.3 cm following 1–3 weeks of composting. Mechanical agitation of the waste along with optimum composting conditions were sufficient to initiate the rapid degradation of the starch–CaCO₃ composites. Degradation of starch–CaCO₃ containers did not affect compost nutrient and trace element content. Grass biomass measurements were performed once weekly over 28 days for grass grown in control (0%), 5%, and 20% starch–CaCO₃-containing compost:soil mixtures. Significant differences in grass biomass for these compost:soil mixtures were measured only for the 0 and 20% starch–CaCO₃-containing compost:soil mixtures at 28 days (9.07 vs 11.05 g, respectively; P = 0.046).     

以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水的混凝脱色试验

用硫酸亚铁、碱式氯化铝(PAC)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对以活性染料为主要成分的印染废水进行混凝脱色试验,阐述了混凝脱色机理,对脱色影响因素和控制条件等进行了试验研究.     

新型锌／铜／铝类水滑石的合成及对模拟印染废水吸附性能的研究

采用低饱和共沉淀法制得锌／铜／铝类水滑石化合物（Zn5CuAl2（OH）16CO3·xH2O）,在450℃焙烧得焙烧物,通过XRD ,FT－IR ,SEM和TG－DSC等手段对样品的结构、形貌和热稳定性进行了分析。将其焙烧物用于吸附模拟印染废水中的阴离子染料活性艳橙,结果表明,pH值在2～9,经吸附90 min ,其对印染废水的吸附性能最佳,染料去除率达96％以上。     

高色度印染废水和染料废水的脱色新技术应用

应用氧化絮凝复合新技术处理高色度印染废水和染料废水,研究了影响脱色效果的一系列物理化学因素。本技术应用于高色度印染废水和染料废水的脱色处理,可使其脱色率达99％以上,CODcr去除率也在80％以上。     

不同环境下包装容器内温湿度变化试验研究

目的 探究不同环境下密闭容器内微环境的变化规律.方法 通过连续采集室内存放、户外遮盖、户外暴露3个包装容器内外11个监测点的温湿度数据,对比分析不同容器内温度、湿度的分布与变化规律.结果 户外容器日间温度梯度大,昼夜温差高达30℃,温度波动远大于室内容器的1.1℃,篷布遮盖能降低20％的温度波动.容器内相对湿度不受环境...     

活性艳橙K-7R分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及结合特性研究

以微米级聚苯乙烯微球为种球,活性艳橙K-7R为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用单步溶胀聚合法在水相中制得了分子印迹聚合物微球(MIPs),并用平衡吸附实验研究了其吸附性能。通过Scatchard分析,结果表明,MIPs在识别K-7R过程中存在两类结合位点,高亲和力结合位点的平衡离解常数Kd1=14.855μmol/L,最大结合量Qmax1=1.282μmol/g;低亲和力结合位点的平衡离解常数Kd2=70.939μmol/L,最大结合量Qmax2=3.930μmol/g。该MIPs对K-7R有较高的亲和性和选择性。     

印染工业废水处理工程设计要点

结合印染工业废水处理工程现状，提出应重视印染废水处理工程的工艺设汁，分析讨论了在印染工业废水处理工程设汁中要引起注意的三个方面问题。     

中空纤维膜萃取-液相色谱法测定印染废水中芳香胺

建立了一种中空纤维膜液相微萃取的样品前处理技术,结合液相色谱法测定印染废水中芳香胺,并且优化了萃取溶剂、供体相、接收相、搅拌速度、萃取时间等前处理条件.实验结果表明,以正辛醇为萃取溶剂,0.1 mol·L-1Na OH为供体相,0.1 mol·L-1HCl为接收相时,400 r·min-1作为搅拌速度,30 min萃取后的芳香胺富集倍数可达到101—193倍,萃取效率达20.2%—38.6%.结合液相色谱检测芳香胺的线性范围为0.01—0.25 mg·L-1,检出限为1.0—2.0μg·L-1,回收率为95.2%—105.2%.表明该方法可用于检测印染废水中的芳香胺类物质.     

管式O3/UV-BAF处理印染生化尾水的中试实验

以印染污水生化处理出水为研究对象,组建了集管式臭氧/紫外(O3/UV)反应系统、臭氧发生系统、气液分离系统、臭氧破坏系统和生物曝气滤池(BAF)系统为一体的中试集成设备。分别研究了各单元及O3/UV-BAF一体化设备的运行效果。结果表明,COD范围为62.3~102.1 mg·L-1,平均值为83.2 mg·L-1时的进水经过O3/UV处理后,BOD5浓度可增加3倍以上,该处理单元可提高污水的生化性能;而单独BAF处理,COD去除率仅为22.5％,表明该污水生化性能较差(BOD5/COD=0.117)且出水COD浓度也不能达到排放标准;O3/UV-BAF联合工艺对印染废水则呈现良好的处理,出水COD去除率达到46.93%,UV254去除率为39.73%。此外,该联合工艺对色度、TN和TP也具有较好的去除效果,去除率分别为54%、34.52%和53.81%,均可达到排放标准。通过对O3/UV-BAF一体化中试设备的评估,为管式O3/UV高级氧化大规模工程应用提供技术支撑。