微生物絮凝剂处理造纸中段废水的实验研究

实验从土壤中分离筛选出1株絮凝活性较高的絮凝剂产生菌,经鉴定为1株黑曲霉.采用其产生的微生物絮凝剂M-2处理造纸中段废水,对絮凝条件进行了优化,在最佳絮凝条件下,M-2对造纸中段废水的CODcr去除率可达70.6%,浊度去除率可达91.7%,其絮凝效果优于传统的絮凝剂.     

石油化工生产火灾隐患及预防对策

石油化工企业自身的生产、设备等特点决定了这类企业存在着一些特有的火灾隐患,这些隐患给安全生产带来了极大的威胁.因此,正确剖析和认识石油化工企业特有的火灾隐患,积极采取预防对策是石油化工企业安全工作的一项重要内容.     

日本钢铁工业发展循环经济简介

介绍日本钢铁工业发展循环经济的实践经验和主要做法，与之相比，指出我国钢铁工业发展循环经济存在的差距，并提出我国钢铁工业依法率先发展循环经济应采取的主要措施。     

工业化和城镇化进程中农民工问题的新探索

在工业化与城镇化大背景下,探讨我国农民工发展的特点和问题.首先从大中城市的利弊分析入手,探讨了小城镇发展的特点和存在的问题,分析发展小城镇是引导农民工合理流动的根本途径;然后从我国产业结构的现状分析,指出随着第三产业比例的增加尤其是服务韭的快速发展极大地推进了农村劳动力的转移,总结了产业结构合理化是加大农民工的就业力度的关键;进而从体制上探讨如何改革城乡的二元结构问题.总之,要解决农民工的问题,就要从根本上解决农民工在流动、就业、安置上的问题,这就应该从国家的体制方面、政策方面及人的观念上进行全面深入的思考.作为一个发展中国家,工业化和城镇化是农村劳动力转移的最终推动力量,工业化和城镇化的发展战略就是为了合理稳步地推进农村劳动力的转移.     

Uranium resource appraisal: Past trends and outlook for adequacy of supply

As uranium has practically no other industrial uses besides electricity generation, demand is determined by the requirements and stockpiling policies of electric utilities. The uranium market has experienced strong fluctuations and is currently affected by the reductions in nuclear forecasts resulting from the slowdown in electricity demand. Analysing supply/demand indicators proves, however, that in retrospect the development has been relatively smooth and it appears that oversupply is more a consequence of overly optimistic short-term expectations. In the future, especially in the long term, nuclear power policies continue to be concerned with striking a proper balance between increasing production capability and development of new reactor technologies which would be less dependent on the availability of uranium. A bounding scenario approach is applied in this article to the assessment of adequacy of supply under varying assumptions on the total installed nuclear capacity, available resource base and attainable production capability.     

Impacts of Chronic Anthropogenic Noise from Energy‐Sector Activity on Abundance of Songbirds in the Boreal Forest

Abstract: The effects of human activities in forests are often examined in the context of habitat conversion. Changes in habitat structure and composition are also associated with increases in the activity of people with vehicles and equipment, which results in increases in anthropogenic noise. Anthropogenic noise may reduce habitat quality for many species, particularly those that rely on acoustic signals for communication. We compared the density and occupancy rate of forest passerines close to versus far from noise‐generating compressor stations and noiseless well pads in the boreal forest of Alberta, Canada. Using distance‐based sampling, we found that areas near noiseless energy facilities had a total passerine density 1.5 times higher than areas near noise‐producing energy sites. The White‐throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), Yellow‐rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata), and Red‐eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus) were less dense in noisy areas. We used repeat sampling to estimate occupancy rate for 23 additional species. Seven had lower conditional or unconditional occupancy rates near noise‐generating facilities. One‐third of the species examined showed patterns that supported the hypothesis that abundance is influenced by anthropogenic noise. An additional 4 species responded negatively to edge effects. To mitigate existing noise impacts on birds would require approximately $175 million. The merits of such an effort relative to other reclamation actions are discussed. Nevertheless, given the $100 billion energy‐sector investment planned for the boreal forest in the next 10 years, including noise suppression technology at the outset of construction, makes noise mitigation a cost‐effective best‐management practice that might help conserve high‐quality habitat for boreal birds.     

依托清洁生产促进环保产业良性发展

清洁生产作为一种全新的发展战略,借助各种相关理论和技术,在产品的整个生命周期的各个环节采取预防措施,通过将生产技术、生产过程、经营管理及产品等方面与物流、能量、信息等要素有机结合起来,优化运行凡事,实现最小的环境影响、最少的资源、能源使用,最佳的管理模式以及最优化的经济增长水平。结合现代环保意识的源起与企业实施清洁生产的成功案例,阐述人类要保护赖以生存的地球环境,推动环保产业良性健康发展,为社会经济活动提供必要的资源和能源,实现可持续发展,实施清洁生产是必由之路。     

Emerging market patterns in the recycled paper trade

The international recovered paper trade serves two important functions: increasing raw material availability in the paper and board industry and providing economic incentives to recycle. The purpose of this paper is to shed further light on emerging patterns in this trade by empirically analysing the changes in the bilateral trade flows of recycled paper between 1992 and 2008. According to our estimations, two important changes occurred in the 1990s and 2000s. First, the growing importance of developing economies in global recycled paper trade plays a significant role in import demand as a determinant of trade flows. Second, the changes in global trade patterns necessitate investigating the transportation cost measures used in applied research.     

Low-carbon transition of iron and steel industry in China: Carbon intensity, economic growth and policy intervention

As the biggest iron and steel producer in the world and one of the highest CO₂ emission sectors, China's iron and steel industry is undergoing a low-carbon transition accompanied by remarkable technological progress and investment adjustment, in response to the macroeconomic climate and policy intervention. Many drivers of the CO₂ emissions of the iron and steel industry have been explored, but the relationships between CO₂ abatement, investment and technological expenditure, and their connections with the economic growth and governmental policies in China, have not been conjointly and empirically examined. We proposed a concise conceptual model and an econometric model to investigate this crucial question. The results of regression, Granger causality test and impulse response analysis indicated that technological expenditure can significantly reduce CO₂ emissions, and that investment expansion showed a negative impact on CO₂ emission reduction. It was also argued with empirical evidence that a good economic situation favored CO₂ abatement in China's iron and steel industry, while achieving CO₂ emission reduction in this industrial sector did not necessarily threaten economic growth. This shed light on the dispute over balancing emission cutting and economic growth. Regarding the policy aspects, the year 2000 was found to be an important turning point for policy evolution and the development of the iron and steel industry in China. The subsequent command and control policies had a significant, positive effect on CO₂ abatement.     

关于老工业区污染场地管理的探讨

根据在某老工业区第1批28块场地环境调查的实践,对污染场地管理中存在的问题进行了分析并提出了相应改进建议：①获取准确的场地资料难度很大,建议研究制定场地全过程档案管理制度;②工业企业关闭搬迁会产生新的环境污染风险,工业企业关闭搬迁应该成为污染场地管理的重要环节,环保部门应该在工业企业搬迁前介入,严格监管整个过程中的环境污染;③大量区域由于其中污染严重、风险高的场地缺乏修复资金而难以再开发利用,建议结合规划优先启动资金投入低的污染较轻区域修复,并同时对风险较高的污染场地进行风险管控,当区域开发取得一定规模、成就和收益后,可以整合资金力量和资源开展污染较重区域的修复。