超声雾化性能的试验研究与回归分析

分析了煤矿井下呼吸性粉尘防治技术现状 ,重点介绍了水的超声雾化技术 ,并对其雾化性能进行了试验研究 ,最后应用回归分析建立了超声雾化性能的数学模型     

矿井通风系统与耗散结构理论

把通风系统看成一个开放系统 ,利用耗散结构理论 ,对通风系统的耗散条件和耗散行为进行研究 ,得到了通风系统稳定工作的条件以及通风参量与非平衡相变的关系 ,为矿井通风系统优化和日常通风管理工作提供指导 ,同时为通风系统数值模拟的参数选定提供理论依据。通过对耗散参量的研究 ,认识通风系统中参数作用方式 ,了解系统有序相变临界耗散趋势 ,理解整个通风系统的演化规律。     

南黄海6.1级地震及其前兆的分析与思考

对南黄海６．１级地震序列和主震震源参数进行了初步推算和分析。对该次地震前的长期和中短期地震学前兆异常的分析预报作了总结，提出了长中短结合和注意异常指标的独立性及抓时空强异常综合分析的预报思路     

优化爆破参数,减小对充填体的振动

采用机械化下向胶结充填采矿生产工艺,充填体假顶是采场生产安全的保证。为正确应用充填技术,做到安全生产,着重阐述了通过优化爆破参数,减小了爆破振动对充填体产生的危害,从而提高了井下职工在充填体下工作的安全性,并为减少矿山伤亡事故提供了经验。     

HYDROLOGIC PARAMETERIZATION OF WATERSHEDS FOR RUNOFF PREDICTION USING SWAT1

ABSTRACT: The use of continuous time, distributed parameter hydrologic models like SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) has opened several opportunities to improve watershed modeling accuracy. However, it has also placed a heavy burden on users with respect to the amount of work involved in parameterizing the watershed in general and in adequately representing the spatial variability of the watershed in particular. Recent developments in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have alleviated some of the difficulties associated with managing spatial data. However, the user must still choose among various parameterization approaches that are available within the model. This paper describes the important parameterization issues involved when modeling watershed hydrology for runoff prediction using SWAT with emphasis on how to improve model performance without resorting to tedious and arbitrary parameter by parameter calibration. Synthetic and actual watersheds in Indiana and Mississippi were used to illustrate the sensitivity of runoff prediction to spatial variability, watershed decomposition, and spatial and temporal adjustment of curve numbers and return flow contribution. SWAT was also used to predict stream runoff from actual watersheds in Indiana that have extensive subsurface drainage. The results of this study provide useful information for improving SWAT performance in terms of stream runoff prediction in a manner that is particularly useful for modeling ungaged watersheds wherein observed data for calibration is not available.     

HYDROLOGIC CALIBRATION OF THE SWAT MODEL IN A WATERSHED CONTAINING FRAGIPAN SOILS1

ABSTRACT: The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, designed for use on rural ungaged basins and incorporating a GRASS GIS interface, was used to model the hydrologic response of the Ariel Creek watershed of northeastern Pennsylvania. Model evaluation of daily flow prior to calibration revealed a deviation of runoff volumes (D_v) of 68.3 percent and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of-0.03. Model performance was affected by unusually large observed snowmelt events and the inability of the model to accurately simulate baseflow, which was influenced by the presence of fragipans. Seventy-five percent of the soils in the watershed contain fragipans. Model calibration yielded a D_v of 39.9 percent and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.04, when compared on a daily basis. Monthly comparisons yielded a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.14. Snowmelt events in the springs of 1993 and 1994, which were unusually severe, were not adequately simulated. Neglecting these severe events, which produced the largest and third largest measured flows for the period of record, a D_v of 4.1 percent and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.20 were calculated on a daily comparison, while on a monthly basis the Nash-Sutciffe coefficient was 0.55. These results suggest that the SWAT model is better suited to longer period simulations of hydrologic yields. Baseflow volumes were accurately simulated after calibration (D_v= -0.2 percent). Refinements made to the algorithms controlling subsurface hydrology and snowmelt, to better represent the presence of fragipans and snowmelt events, would likely improve model performance.     

昆仑山隧道渗(漏)水水力联系及水动力参数试验研究

隧道施工过程中经常发生隧道涌(漏)水现象,对施工或运营安全可能造成较大影响。为了从根本上治理隧道渗漏水害,首先必须详细准确了解水害的根源,即渗漏水点与地表水源之间的水力联系。对于岩溶管道水比较有效的研究方法是开展连通试验,而对于渗透性能差、水力联系复杂的基岩裂隙水地区开展连通试验是不多的, 尤其是在高纬度、高海拔、以及多年冻土地区开展隧道渗漏水水力联系试验研究尚属首次,值得进一步深入探讨研究。本文针对青藏铁路昆仑山隧道渗漏水情况,在详细调查研究基础上,采用多种形式的连通试验,对昆仑山隧道渗漏水的径流条件和围岩渗透性能进行分析,并进行渗漏水的主要水动力参数计算,为该隧道渗漏水害的治理提供了科学依据。     

四柱式液压拉深机参数的快速确定方法

对快速确定液压拉深机力学参数、运动学参数和几何参数方法进行了系统的讨论 ,以便于液压拉深机用户可以方便快捷地根据拟开发的新产品 ,快速合理地确定液压拉深机参数及正确选用机型。     

1020型总有机碳水质分析仪校准方法

总有机碳水质分析仪需定期进行检定,制定合理可行的校准方法,并根据标准方法对仪器进行检定,校准结果为重复性1.69%,零点漂移0.045%,直线性1.98%,相关系数0.9984,绝缘阻抗＞20MΩ,满足校准方法技术要求,根据检定结果,该仪器出具数据准确可靠.     

分布式水文模型的参数率定及敏感性分析探讨

参数率定与敏感性分析是分布式水文模型应用和发展中的难点问题,论文对当前典型的、应用比较成功的全局最优化参数率定和敏感性分析方法进行归纳和分析,包括:遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm)、SCE-UA算法(Shuffled Complex Evolution)、贝叶斯方法(Bayesian Method)、RSA方法(Regionalized Sensitivity Analysis)、GLUE方法(Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation)等等。并对计算机自动优化方法和人工参数调试方法的利弊进行讨论,展望了分布式水文模型的参数率定与敏感性分析的发展方向。