开发区生态系统健康研究--以苏州高新区为例

采用生态系统健康理论分析开发区生态环境问题具有较强的理论意义和现实意义。着重构建了开发区生态系统健康评价的指标体系和模糊评价模型，提出评价标准。并对苏州高新区生态系统健康进行评价。进而指出制约因子并提出相应的诊断方案，为其优化生态系统结构和完善系统功能提供科学依据。     

Associating Ecosystem Service Losses with Indicators of Toxicity in Habitat Equivalency Analysis

Habitat equivalency analysis (HEA) was developed as a tool to scale mitigation or restoration when habitat is contaminated by hazardous substances or has been otherwise harmed by anthropogenic activities. Applying HEA involves balancing reductions in habitat quality against gains from restoration actions, and quantifying changes in habitat quality in terms of ecological services. We propose a framework for developing ecological service definitions and measures that incorporate knowledge about the impacts of chemical contaminants on biota. We describe a general model for integrating multiple lines of evidence about the toxicity of hazardous substances to allow mapping of toxicological inputs to ecological service losses. We provide an example of how this framework might be used in a HEA that quantifies ecological services provided by estuarine sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.     

生态系统健康的生态学理论及其评价方法

随着社会经济的发展,人类行为对生态系统产生越来越大的影响,对生态系统健康状况的研究也引起了国内外学者的普遍关注.本文从学科发展的角度论述了生态系统健康产生的背景、定义、生态学理论,及其与环境管理的关系.介绍了生态系统健康评价的指标体系和评价方法,并进一步分析了生态系统健康研究所存在的问题及前沿性研究内容.     

环境影响报告书、表审批程序的探讨

为了搞好环境影响报告书、表的审批,针对环境影响报告书、表审批存在的一些具体问题,认真论证探讨了对环境影响报告书、表审批程序、标准和内容,提出了改进建议.     

江苏省地震应急指挥决策演示系统介绍

江苏省地震应急指挥决策演示系统是江苏省地震局 “九五” 重点课题──江苏省地震应急指挥系统的一个组成部分。 它主要集成了测震数据库及测震学预报软件(CAPSEIS)、 前兆数据库及前兆学预报软件(JSOMEN)、 强震中短期预报动态图像系统、 台站基础信息数据库、 地震烈度分布计算等软件系统，一旦出现震情时可以为地震研究人员提供常用的基础资料，震情分析判断工具和震害快速预测等。 本文重点介绍笔者对基础图件和基础资料信息等系统数据库整理所做的工作，同时介绍该系统的功能及其使用。     

滇、桂、粤、闽、台灾害链讨论

由于对洪水、台风和巨大风暴潮的长期预测尚有一定困难，因之需要多学科进行综合研究。本文通过对滇、桂、粤、闽、台地区历史上大震后同年或次年发生上述重大气象灾害的事实，讨论了灾害链的预测，同时也讨论了灾害链的形成机制，包括构造活动、北回归线效应以及孟加拉湾大桥活动的双重后果。文中还提出了4条减灾对策。     

CLIMATIC AND HYDROLOGIC VARIABILITY IN A COASTAL WATERSHED OF SOUTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA1

ABSTRACT: Climate data from the Malcolm Knapp Research Forest (MKRF) in the Coast Range mountains of southwestern British Columbia were used to examine relationships between climate and hydrology and variations in the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Air and water temperatures were higher and precipitation was lower during in‐phase or warm PDO/E1 Niño events than in other years. In contrast, in‐phase or cool PDO/La Niña years were generally cooler and wetter than other years. Precipitation and East Creek discharge were positively related to the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and negatively related to the PDO index. Conversely, air and water temperatures were negatively related to the SOI and positively related to the PDO index. Differences in precipitation and air temperature were also evident at longer time scales when separated by PDO phase. Because of drier conditions during in‐phase El Niño events, the flow of organic matter from East Creek to downstream portions of the channel network was lower compared to other years. This reduction has implications for downstream communities, as these subsidies provide a major source of energy for stream food webs. Therefore, short term and long term shifts in climate, discharge, and water temperature may have profound impacts on the ecology of Pacific Northwest (PNW) watersheds due to changes in a number of ecosystem processes such as altered flux of organic matter from headwater streams to larger rivers.     

综放采空区防灭火注氮数值模拟与参数确定

用有限元数值方法 ,求解了综放开采采空区注氮情况下的漏风渗流方程和氧浓度渗流耗散方程 ;结合计算机图形技术 ,直观展示了注氮前后采空区流场、流态和氧浓度分布动态变化 ;模拟了在不同注氮量下注氮控制区边界的变化过程 ,得到控制区边界位置与注氮流量呈负指数关系 ;重点探讨了用数值模拟方法确定合理注氮参数 (注氮流量、注氮位置和注氮时间 )的新方法。     

INITIAL RESEARCH INTO CLIMATIC CHANGES AND GRASSLAND DEGENERATION IN INNER MONGOLIA

DuringtheimplementationoftheWestChinaDevelopmentStrategyinthetwenty firstcentury ,thenorthernsteppezoneplaysasignificantroleinsafeguardingtheecologicalsecurityandrealizingsustainabledevelopmentinChina .InnerMongoliaprairieliesinthemiddleofEurasiasteppezoneandisthetransitionzonefromthearidareasinthenorthwesttothehumidareasinthenortheastandthedryfarmingareasinNorthChina .Therigorousnaturalconditions ,thefluctuatingclimateandthecompli catedsocialandeconomicconditionsmakethisareaverysensitiveto…     

FEATURES OF THE ECOSYSTEM IN THE SUBTROPICAL KARST MOUNTAIN AREA AND THE WAYS OF ITS RECOVERY

FunctionalfeaturesoftheecosystemintheprimitivesubtropicalkarstmountainareaandtheirdegradationundertheinfluenceofhumanactivitiesInthepast 50years ,humanactivitieshavebroughtaboutthefollowinggreatchangesintheecosystemofthesubtropicalkarstmountainarea :(1 )FromtheinvestigationandanalysisofMaolanKarstNaturalConservationDistrictinGuizhouandNonggangKarstNaturalConservationDistrictinGuangxi,andtheresearchesonthechangesinthenaturalandgeographicalenvironmentinthekarstmountainareainRenhuaiCity ,Gu…