城市污水处理厂建设程序中的环境影响评价研究

在介绍污水处理厂的基础建设程序及环境影响评价的发展概况的基础上,以京溪污水处理厂为例,指出城市规划部门在规划制定过程中,应加大环境影响评价工作的深度,以使污水厂的建设程序得以顺利开展。同时指出城市的卫生、地质、规划、国土、环保等职能部门在制定本部门的法规政策过程中,应发挥协调机制,在工程建设的相关方面达成共识,以确保污水处理厂等市政项目的建设顺利开展,促进城市更好的发展。     

天然气引射调峰系统的噪声形成及其治理研究

采用天然气引射调峰技术,能使上海某储配站10台天然气高压球罐的储气调峰能率提高68%,大大有助于解决天然气用气高峰时的供需平衡问题,并能节约初投资人民币1亿元.但使用超音速引射器后,当球罐压力下降到某一值时会产生高频噪声,影响管束区操作环境.本文分析了噪声产生的原因,提出了合理的噪声治理方案,并进行了方案的实施.实践证明:噪声治理效果良好,降低了管束区噪声污染,达到了国家"工业企业噪声卫生标准".     

试论环境侵害损害赔偿中的行政调解

论述了环境侵害损害赔偿中应用行政调解的特点、效力等问题，具有一定的现实意义。     

常熟河网区水污染物总量控制研究

基于常熟河网原型调水实验和水功能区划，建立了感潮地区河网水量水质模型，对常熟河道水质降解系数及水环境容量进行了计算，并按照点源和面源对区域内污染源进行统计，在此基础上进行了常熟河网水污染物总量控制值和现状削减量的计算，为该地区的水污染防控提供了科学依据。     

Environmental impacts of coastal aquaculture in eastern mediterranean bays the case of astakos gulf,Greece

GOAL, SCOPE AND BACKGROUND: Over the last decade Greece has become a leading country in the EU as concerns the cage farming of seabream and seabass. A strong debate has risen, however, about the environmental impacts of aquacultures in the coastal areas. The present paper deals with this problem and it is based on measurements of physico-chemical parameters in the water column, particulate matter and sediments in the area of Astakos Gulf, a coastal embayment in western Greece where three big fish farms are currently operating. METHODS: Water samples were collected by using Hydro-Bios sampling bottles, whereas a prototype sediment trap was installed under a fish cage for the collection of particulate matter. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity were measured in situ using portable equipment. Nutrients were determined by standard spectrophotometric methods. Trace metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Dissolved organic carbon was determined by a Shimadzu 5000A carbon analyzer, whereas organic carbon in sediments was determined titrimetrically. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: No clear eutrophication incidents have been identified, although the water column near the fish farms was enriched in nutrients and organic carbon. A sludge 'blanket' covers considerable parts of the seabed and is enriched in colloidal organic carbon and trace metals (Cd, Cu, Fe and Zn) that come from unused fish food. The biodegradation of this sludge leads to the development of anoxic conditions followed by the formation of undesirable gases, precipitation or remobilization of metals and the extinction of benthic fauna. CONCLUSION: The operation of fish farms at the coastal area of Astakos Gulf, and probably in similar Mediterranean gulfs, affects the marine environment, particularly in the vicinity of the cages. The most significant influence concerns the near-bottom water layer. The environmental impacts depend on the amount of food given to fishes, the mode of feeding, the fish density in cages, the annual production and the years of unit operation. The hydrology and the geomorphology of the area are also critical factors for its environmental quality. RECOMMENDATION AND OUTLOOK: The success of the fish-farming sector in the Mediterranean is accompanied by environmental and, in some extents, by social and marketing problems. These problems, derived from the rapid development of fish farming, can be solved only through an integrated management, using methods such as environmental impact assessment, risk assessment, economic evaluation, vulnerability assessments, resource accounting, cost-benefit analysis and outcome-based monitoring.     

自然生态系统中含硫气体的产生机理与环境归趋

基于当前可获得的与该课题相关的资料 ,本文综述了陆地生态系统产生挥发性含硫气体的微观和宏观机理过程。讨论了控制生物硫气体产生的环境因素。阐述了含硫气体释放进入大气后的环境归趋     

生物技术在环境保护中的应用及前景

本文从废水、废气、固体废弃物处理及环境监测等几个方面介绍了生物技术在环境保护中的应用和研究进展 ,分析了生物处理工艺的特点及优越性 ,展望了生物技术未来的发展方向和前景     

内蒙古煤矿环境地质问题及其防治对策研究

煤炭是内蒙古最具优势的矿产资源 ,其产值几乎占到该区工业产值的一半。由于历史及政策等因素的影响 ,煤矿开发破坏矿区环境资源、诱发地质灾害和导致环境污染。不同地域矿山开发诱发的环境地质问题不同 ,露天和地下不同的开采方式诱发不同的环境地质问题。国有大中型老矿区地面塌陷问题较为严重 ,成为制约矿山持续发展的主要因素之一。乡镇及个体小煤矿“只开发 ,不治理”加剧了矿山地质环境的恶化。在西部大开发中 ,要吸取“先开发 ,后治理”的历史教训 ,走资源合理开发利用与矿区生态环境保护的绿色矿业之路     

保护性开发——江苏新型工业化的战略选择

江苏是实施工业化战略较早的省份,由于经济发达,造成环境污染问题突出,因此,从各个层面阐述污染与发展的关系,提出解决的措施,走保护性开发的新型工业化路子,努力建设环境友好型、资源节约型的和谐经济社会.     

分子生物技术在环境工程微生物领域中的应用

目前分子生物技术发展日新月异,已渗透到各相关学科。本文综述了分子生物技术的基本原理与方法,及其在环境工程微生物领域的应用。讨论了分子生物技术在环境工程微生物的检测应用及在污泥、生物膜、底泥和土壤等微生物种群的多样性分析方面,以及环境工程菌的挑选和培养等方面的研究成果及其巨大研究前景,对该技术在环境工程领域的应用与发展提出了一些见解。