麦饭石矿物材料絮凝剂的制备及特性研究

利用矿物材料麦饭石高含铝量的组分特性,根据絮凝过程的基本原理,初次研制了具有特殊絮凝效果的无机絮凝剂。使用XRD分析仪和SEM扫描电镜对原材料和处理后的絮凝剂表面特性进行了表征分析,以水质的浊度和COD为处理目标函数,深入考察了投加量和p H的影响,得到了最佳的操作条件,并使用了Zeta电位仪,进一步探讨了絮凝前后水中Zeta电位对絮凝效果的影响。在投加量为600mg/L,p H为8时,污水浊度和COD去除率分别可以达到96.22%和82.50%,且絮凝过程具有矾花大、结构紧实、沉降速度快等特点。     

中国东南部中生代火山金属矿床的空间分布规律及其控制因素

中国东南部中生代陆相火山金属矿床在空间上具特征的纵向与横向分带。平行海岸线的矿床组合分带由南东向北西,依次为铜带、银铅锌带(局部有铁、钼、稀有金属和金)、金银、铀带、稀土金属和铀带,它们受控于火山活动期的大地构造性质、火山物质来源和岩浆演化过程;垂直海岸线的横向分带由南向北依次为稀有和稀土金属带、多金属带,它们受控于基底构造层的大地构造性质、物质组分及区域地球化学背景场等条件。     

特大型矿产资源开发与区域经济发展——以西藏玉龙铜矿资源开发为例

矿产资源,特别是特大型矿的开发对区域经济发展具有重要的带动作用。西藏玉龙铜矿在国内仅次于德兴铜矿的特大型矿山,它的开发具有重大战略意义,有利于带动昌都地区经济的发展,本文认为开发玉龙铜矿既面临着矿产资源开发机制、模式及矿产开发区功能与结构等一系列重大变革,又出现许多有利条件和不利因素。必须面向下一世纪和国内外两个市场,按照新的机制,选择融合式发展,努力建立一个综合功能型的昌都地区经济。     

Financial failures in mining : Implications for LDC mineral policies

The risk of financial failure among LDC mining projects, always significant, has apparently increased during recent years. This situation, which is unlikely to change in the near future, has important implications for LDC mineral policies. In particular, it can no longer be assumed that mining will generate significant government revenues, traditionally regarded as the single most important economic benefit arising from large-scale mining projects in LDCs. Many LDC governments consequently need to reassess their mineral policies and place greater stress on maximizing economic benefits which will accrue even where mines fail to generate significant profits. Two such benefits are discussed, and concrete policy measures are suggested to illustrate the initiatives available to LDCs.     

解决我国钾矿资源对策的新思路

目前我国钾矿资源紧缺，生产的钾肥不足，因而农业严重缺钾。为了改变这种局面，本文从战略的高度提出了对策：理顺和拓宽我国找钾新思路，扩大找钾领域，充分发挥和利用国内外两种资源、两个市场的互为补充举措，投资开发周边邻国钾矿资源和开辟国内液态钾矿-富钾卤水的勘查开发，是解决我国钾矿资源短缺的两个重要的有效途径。     

云南省矿区生态环境保护

云南省矿产资源开发中，存在占地面积大，固体废弃物污染水体和加剧次生地质灾害等环境问题。除地质构造复杂外，人为影响是产生这些问题的主要原因。应从加强环境管理，提高资源利用率和防治次生地质灾害着手，做好矿区的生态环保工作。     

Modelling soil organic carbon dynamics in two long-term experiments of north-eastern Italy

Simulation models are widely used to assess the impacts of management and environmental variables on soil organic matter dynamics, to address questions on ecosystem sustainability and carbon cycling under global change. We tested the Century ecosystem model for two long-term experiments in north-eastern Italy: one (SF) comparing nutrient management treatments in small confined plots containing widely contrasting soil types (i.e., sandy, clay and peat) and the other (CR) involving a field study with crop rotation, nutrient, and management intensity variables. The organic matter changes in the SF experiment, showed a strong, linear relationship with C inputs from crop residues and added manures in the sand and clay soils, which was closely mimicked by the model. There was a net loss of soil C for all treatments in the peat soil, but the rate and overall magnitude of C losses were accurately simulated by the model, which suggested that treatment effects on soil C inputs was the major determinant of SOC dynamics in all three soils. In the CR experiment the model reasonably simulated the large initial decline (averaging about 30% of initial levels) in SOC observed in all treatments, as well as mean treatment effects over the course of the experiment. The model predicted a general pattern of higher SOC in the high management intensity, high fertility treatment combinations and lower SOC in the low management intensity, low fertility treatments; however, observed soil C did not show a clear pattern related to the treatments. Simulated soil C contents were linearly related to C input levels in the different treatments while there was no significant relationship between measured soil C and C inputs based on observed data.     

废矿物油处置的环境问题

废矿物油处置方法较多，但目前处置工艺较原始，大部分不能满足环境保护有关法律法规的要求。通过对几种处置工艺的比较，笔者提出一套可以达到环保要求的处置工艺路线，并强调废矿物油的有效处置，首先应加强对产废企业的宣传教育，在教育的基础上，严格监督管理，作到从源头控制废矿物油，这样才能达到全过程监控废矿物油，实现危险废物的安全处置的目的，保证环境安全。     

成都市近地表大气尘的地球化学特征

通过对成都市近地表大气尘矿物组成、化学成分的分析,查明了成都市近地表大气尘矿物、元素的含量和空间分布特征。近地表大气尘主要矿物成分为石英、长石、伊利石、白云石,方解石。石膏等;近地表大气尘中重金属高值区主要在二环路内、黄田坝、琉璃厂和城东老工业区,部分元素呈明显污染郊区化趋势。与国内外其它城市街道灰尘及大气颗粒物重金属含量比较,总体上重金属含量相当,个别元素接近重工业城市水平。     

碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理研究

应用ＸＰＳ技术，首次较系统地研究了碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理，氧公铁矿物表面的ＸＰＳ分析表明，矿物表面和整体之间在化学成分，状态和结构等方面存在明显差异，矿物表面的这种非均匀性特征是其表面化学反应的重要动力学起因。