大掺量工业废渣普通硅酸盐水泥

利用工业 废渣煤 矸石、液态 渣、磷渣 、锰渣、磷 石膏生产 ４２５ Ｒ 型普 通硅 酸盐 水泥。 水泥 中工业废 渣的掺 量 达 ３５ ％ 以 上， 其 ３ ｄ 平 均 抗 压 强 度 达 到 了 ２ ６５ Ｍ Ｐａ ，２８ｄ 平 均 抗 压 强 度 达 到 了５２４ Ｍ Ｐａ 。该项技 术值得推 广借鉴     

强化生物除磷体系中的反硝化除磷

 采用SBR反应器,研究了以硝酸盐作为电子受体的反硝化除磷过程.结果表明,反硝化聚磷菌存在于传统的强化生物除磷体系中.厌氧段磷的释放和COD的消耗成线性关系.通过厌氧/好氧交替运行方式,反硝化聚磷菌在聚磷菌中的比例从13.3%上升到69.4%.稳定运行的厌氧/缺氧SBR反应器具有良好的强化生物除磷和反硝化脱氮性能,缺氧结束时体系中磷浓度小于1mg/L,除磷效率大于89%.     

基于PHREEQC程序的磷酸铵镁结晶法污水处理工艺模型化研究

为揭示溶液物化参数对磷酸铵镁结晶工艺回收氮、磷的影响,利用地球化学水质模型程序PHREEQC 2.11计算了涵盖实际工况条件下可能存在的溶液体系的磷酸铵镁饱和度指数,对溶液组分的浓度效应进行了模型化热力学评估.模拟溶液体系含磷10～600 mg·L-1、镁24～720 mg·L-1,其氨氮与磷的摩尔比为1～40,温度为25℃,pH值为6.0～12 0.计算结果表明,磷酸铵镁的饱和度指数与氮、磷、镁的质量浓度分别呈对数函数关系,并随任何一个因子的增大而增大;与溶液pH值呈多项式函数关系,结晶反应的最佳pH值为9.0,并随溶液中氨氮与磷摩尔比的增大而略升;此外,磷酸铵镁的饱和度指数与溶液离子强度呈幂函数关系,随离子强度的增大而减小.适当调节溶液的镁盐浓度和控制溶液pH值,是调控磷酸铵镁结晶反应,实现氮、磷回收的2种主要手段.     

3，5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐硝化抑制作用初探

采用室内培养实验的方法，以不加抑制荆的尿素作为对照，对比研究DMPP及它的同分异构体3，5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐作为硝化抑制剂对尿素氮在土壤中转化的影响。结果表明，3，5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐具有一定的硝化抑制作用。在培养期间。施加3。5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的土壤中硝态氮的含量一周后始终低于对照，铵态氮的含量一周后始终高于对照。但在培养试验中后期（三周以后），3，5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的硝化抑制效果劣于DMPP。3，5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐能否作为新型硝化抑制荆。还要对它的生理、生态效应等进行进一步的研究。     

五里湖和贡湖不同粒径沉积物吸附磷实验研究

通过研究五里湖和贡湖不同粒径沉积物对磷的吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温曲线,分析了不同粒径沉积物氮、磷和有机质含量以及化学组成等理化特征对其吸附磷的影响,初步得出如下结论五里湖和贡湖不同粒径沉积物对磷的吸附动力学曲线和吸附等温曲线具有相似的变化趋势;贡湖沉积物每一粒级的吸附量、吸附速率和吸附效率均高于五里湖沉积物;各粒级的变化趋势均为粘粒级＞细砂粒级＞粗砂粒级＞粉砂粒级;各粒级中粉砂粒级SiO2含量最高,可能是造成其对磷的吸附量、吸附速率和吸附效率在各粒级中最低的原因.     

First trimester studies of A fetus at risk for triose phosphate isomerase deficiency

A first trimester prenatal diagnosis was offered to a mother whose child had died of haemolytic anaemia and multisystem disease caused by TPI deficiency. The deficiency state was characterized by greatly reduced TPI activity in both erythrocytes and peripheral lymphocytes. Specific activity of TPI in trophoblast homogenates from the index fetus was about 30 per cent less than in the controls, but the heat stability test showed overlap. These data were confirmed in uncultured and cultured amniotic cells, where glycolytic intermediate concentrations DHAP, GAP and FDP fell in the range of controls. These results suggested that the fetus was a TPI heterozygote. This prenatal prediction was confirmed by RBC and haematological studies at birth.     

Chemical Changes in Agricultural Soils of Korea: Data Review and Suggested Countermeasures

The monitoring of chemical properties, including heavy metals, in soils is necessary if better management and remediation practices are to be established for polluted soils. The National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology initiated a monitoring study that investigated fertility and heavy metal contents of the benchmarked soils. The study covered paddy soils, upland soils, and horticultural soils in the plastic film houses, and orchard soils throughout the Korea from 1990 to 1998. Likewise,4047 samples of paddy and 2534 samples of plastic house in 1999 and 2000 were analyzed through the Soil Environment Conservation Act. Soil chemical properties such as pH, organic matter, availablephosphate and extractable calcium, magnesium and potassium contents, and heavy metal contentssuch as cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, mercury, and cobalt contents were analyzed. The studyshowed that the average contents of organic matter, available phosphate, and extractable potassiumrapidly increased in plastic house soils than in upland or paddy soils. Two kinds of fertilizer recommendation systems were established for the study: the standard levels by national soil average data for 77 crops and the recommendation by soil test for 70 crops. Standard nitrogen fertilizer application levels for cereal crops changed from 94 kg/ha in 1960s, 99 kg/ha in 1970s, 110 kg/ha in 1980s to 90 kg/ha in 1990s. The K₂O-fertilizer also changed from 67 kg/ha in 1960s, 76 kg/ha in 1970s, 92 kg/ha in 1980s, andonly 44 kg/ha in 1990s. In rice paddy fields, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in surface soils(0–15 cm depth) were 0.11 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0 to 1.01), 4.70 mg kg^–1(0–41.59), 4.84 mg kg^–1(0–66.44), and 4.47 mg kg^–1(0–96.70), respectively. In the uplands, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn,and As in surface soils (0–15 cm depth) were 0.135 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0 to 0.660), 2.77 mg kg^–1(0.07–78.24), 3.47 mg kg^–1(0–43.00), 10.70 mg kg^–1(0.30–65.10), and 0.57 mg kg^–1(0.21–2.90), respectively. In plastic film houses, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in surface soil were 0.12 mg kg^–1(ranging from 0 to 1.28), 4.82 mg kg^–1(0–46.50), 2.68 mg kg^–1(0–46.50), 31.19 mg kg^–1(0.19–252.0), and 0.36 mg kg^–1(0–4.98), respectively. In orchard fields, the averagecontents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Hg in surface soils (0–20 cm depth) were 0.11 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0–0.49), 3.62 mg kg^–1(0.03–45.30), 2.30 mg kg^–1(0–27.80), 16.60 mg kg^–1(0.33–105.50),0.44 mg kg^–1(0–4.14), and 0.05 mg kg^–1(0.01–0.54), respectively. For polluted soils with over thewarning content levels of heavy metals, fine red earth application, land reconsolidation and soilamelioration such as lime, phosphate, organic manure, and submerging were recommended. For the countermeasure areas, cultivation of non-edible crops such as garden trees, flowers, and fiber crops; landreformation; and heavy application of finered earth (up to 30 cm) were strongly recommended. Landuse techniques should be changed to beharmonious with the environment to increase yield andincome. Soil function characteristics should betaken into account.     

不同水型水稻土施氮磷肥效果及施用技术的研究

通过在湖北省几种主要成土母质上对不同水型水稻土施用氮磷肥效果及施用技术的研究．初步明确了氮肥的施用效果为淹育型水稻土＞潴育型水稻土＞潜育型水稻土．磷肥效果与之相反．从土壤养分状况、氮肥和磷肥的当季利用率、土壤微生物、土壤还原性物质含量和水土温度等方面，初步分析了不同水型水稻土氮磷肥效果差异的原因．提出了不同水型水稻土氮磷肥的施用技术．     

不同剖面层次土壤磷素运移研究

以陕西杨凌地区塿土为研究对象,通过饱和稳定流土柱运移试验,测定磷酸盐(H_2PO_4~-)在不同层次土壤中的运移穿透曲线(BTC),应用CDE模型、CXTFIT软件程序对其实测穿透曲线(BTC)进行拟合求其运移参数,研究其运移规律。结果表明,磷酸盐在塿土中的运移受到土壤的强烈阻滞作用,随着CaCO_3含量增加,磷酸盐运移所受的阻滞作用增大。磷酸盐在塿土不同剖面层次中运移所受阻滞作用大小与CaCO_3含量呈极显著的正相关,r=0.9791;而与粘粒含量且成极显著的负相关、r=0.9318。磷酸盐在塿土不同土层运移所受阻滞作用大小顺序为:钙积层>堆垫表层>粘化层,其阻滞因子R值分别为:11.80～13.00,5.20～7.00,3.90～5.00。     

Lake sediment resuspension and caused phosphate release -a simulation study

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＯｎｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅｏｆｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔ ｗａｔｅｒ,ｔｈｅｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｍａｙｒｅｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｕｐｔｏｔｈｅｏｖｅｒｌｙｉｎｇｗａｔｅｒｔｏｆｏｒｍｍｕｌｔｉｐｈａｓｅｕｎｄｅｒｃｅｒｔａｉｎｈｙｄｒｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ (Ｌｅａｎ ,1973) ,ｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｔｈｅｈａｂｉｔａｔａｎｄｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｆｏｒｏｒｇａｎｉｓｍｓ.Ｔｈｅｄｉｓｔｕｒｂａｎｃｅｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｗｉｎｄａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｆｌｏｗｉｓｅａｓｉｅｒａ…