类单晶纳米片状WO3的制备及其光催化性能

通过调控水热温度、反应pH值和前驱体比例制备了类单晶WO₃纳米片光催化材料,通过XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS,UV-vis和光电流密度测试等手段对WO₃纳米片的形貌、晶型、组成以及电荷分离性能进行了表征,并研究了可见光照条件下其对罗丹明B的催化降解活性.结果表明,研究获得了厚度约10nm,边长尺寸约300~500nm的单斜晶相WO₃纳米片,且纳米片具有连续整齐的晶格结构、较高的能带结构和较好的电荷载流子分离性能.光催化实验结果表明,WO₃纳米片催化降解罗丹明B的反应过程符合一级动力学,反应速率常数为2.91h^-1,是WO₃纳米颗粒催化罗丹明B降解反应速率常数（0.56h^-1）的5.2倍,推测WO₃纳米片较好的催化活性是源于其较高的载流子分离效率.自由基捕获实验证明,可见光照下·OH和·O₂^-均为WO₃纳米片催化降解污染物过程中的活性自由基.循环降解实验证明制备的光催化剂具有良好的稳定性.     

pg-C3N4/BiOBr/Ag复合材料的制备及其光催化降解磺胺甲唑

通过简易的高温煅烧和共沉淀方法成功制备出pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr/Ag复合材料,通过XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、UV-Vis、BET和光电流等检测手段对其进行表征,并探究了该复合材料在模拟可见光照射下对10 mg·L^-1磺胺甲唑的降解效果.结果表明,当银单质的负载比例为5%时,pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr/Ag复合材料对磺胺甲唑的降解效果最佳.与pg-C₃N₄、BiOBr单体和二元复合材料pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr相比,pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr/Ag（5%）光催化降解磺胺甲唑的效果显著提升,在30 min内降解率几乎接近100%,反应速率常数（0.2101 min^-1）是pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr的13.15倍.通过自由基猝灭实验,证明在光催化降解过程中,起主要作用的活性物质是空穴（h⁺）、超氧自由基（·O₂^-）和单线态氧（¹O₂）,其中,超氧自由基（·O₂^-）贡献最大.对pg-C₃N₄/BiOBr/Ag进行多次循环实验,证明合成的材料具有良好的循环稳定性能,应用前景良好.     

土壤中有机磷农药的测定及光催化降解的研究

本文以建立加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取小柱净化-气相色谱法测定土壤中有机磷农药的方法及其光降解为主要研究目的。通过条件优化摸索出更为优越的土壤有机磷农药前处理方法,利用高灵敏度、高选择性的FPD检测器进行定性、定量分析。使用溶胶凝胶法自制纳米二氧化钛粉体,讨论土壤中乐果光催化降解的影响因素。研究结果显示硅胶小柱的净化效果好;敌敌畏由于本身的性质,回收只有30%左右。催化剂剂量、反应时间、光照强度对乐果的光催化降解均有较大的影响。     

Comparative study of performance efficiency for three kinds of photoreactors

This paper generalized the structure characteristics of three different configuration photoreactors: annular-type irradiated by lamp, solar shallow-pond and solar flat-plate and compared their performance efficiency at the same reaction condition level which was determined by the first order rate constant in photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange in TiO2 suspension. It was demonstrated that solar could be considered as an alternative light source in photoreactors not only for low running and construction cost but also for their successful performance. The evidence has proved the feasibility of solar photocatalytic oxidation as an additional or alternative advantage stage of wastewater treatment process.     

二氧化钛光催化氧化杀菌的研究及进展

本文概括了光催化氧化杀菌的发展历史 ,以及最新的研究进展 ,综合分析了其杀菌机理和影响反应的各相关因素 ,并为今后的发展提出了一些看法     

Moisture Sorption Characteristics of Microbially Produced Polysaccharide and Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends

Moisture sorption characteristics of microbial polysaccharide (Ps.C101) from Pseudomonas caryophilli and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blends have been carried out at 27°C for water activity from 0.1 to 0.9. The sorption data was used to fit six different sorption isotherm models proposed in literature. The model constants were determined by linear fitting of the sorption equations. The ranges of applicability of water activity for isotherm models reported in this paper lie in between 0.1 and 0.4 for Brunaur–Emmet–Teller (BET) model (monolayer), and in between 0.2 and 0.9 for other models. The value of the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.97 ± 0.02) confirms the applicability of the equations studied.     

二氧化钛光催化降解处理染料废水

研究了TiO2的添加量，粒径大小，作用时间对3种染料废水脱色率的影响及TiO2薄膜对染料废水的处理效果。对于汽巴克染绿和直接大红染料溶液，适宜的TiO2添加量均为5g/L，紫外灯照射60min，其脱色率大于85％。对于阳离子红染料溶液，适宜的TiO2添加量为3g/L，其脱色率为83．5％。粒径小的TiO2作用效果优于粒径大的效果。在室温和适宜的TiO2添加量的条件下，随照射时间的延长，太阳光的光催化降解效果渐渐接近于紫外光的光催化降解效果。将TiO2薄膜固定在陶瓷睛上，有利于TiO2的重复使用。     

An Overview on the Mechanical Behaviour of Biodegradable Agricultural Films

The mechanical behavior of various types of biodegradable materials depends, mainly, on their chemical composition and the application conditions. Various additives are added into the bioblends to improve their properties, which sometimes even reach the levels of the conventional plastics. It is well known that the environmental conditions during production, storage, and usage of these materials influence their mechanical properties. Ageing during the useful lifetime also causes great losses in the elongation. In the present paper, the overall mechanical behavior of biodegradable films, which may be considered suitable for agricultural applications, but also of partially biodegradable films, is reviewed and analyzed. Selected critical mechanical properties of films before their exposure to biodegradation are investigated and compared against those of conventional agricultural films.     

Biodegradable Soy-Based Plastics: Opportunities and Challenges

Today's plastics are designed with little consideration for their ultimate disposability or the effect of the resources (feedstocks) used in making them. This has resulted in mounting worldwide concerns over the environmental consequences of such materials when they enter the mainstream after their intended uses. This led to the concept of designing and engineering new biodegradable materials–materials that have the performance characteristics of today's materials but that undergo biodegradation along with other organic waste to soil humic materials. Hence, the production of biodegradable materials from annually renewable agricultural feedstocks has attracted attention in recent years. Agricultural materials such as starches and proteins are biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Soybean is a good candidate for manufacturing a large number of chemicals, including biodegradable plastics, as it is abundantly available and cheap. Soy protein concentrate, isolate, or flakes could be compounded with synthetic biodegradable plastics such as polycaprolactone or poly (lactic acid) to make molded products or edible films or shopping bags and make the environment cleaner and greener.     

泡沫镍负载纳米ZnO-SnO2光催化降解三氯乙烯

采用比较简单的共沉淀法技术制备了纳米ZnO-SnO2复合氧化物光催化剂,并将其负载在泡沫镍上制成了负载型纳米光催化剂,以三氯乙烯为挥发性有机物的模型反应物,研究了反应气流速、湿度等因素对反应的影响,同时考察了催化剂的失活特征,结果表明该负载型纳米光催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,同时具有较强的抗失活性能,在205h反应中没有出现失活现象．