天然锰矿-次氯酸钠光催化氧化处理分散蓝2BLN废水

采用天然锰矿和次氯酸钠在紫外光的照射下处理分散蓝2BLN废水，探讨了影响水溶液中分散蓝2BLN染料的光催化降解的各种影响因素。当通入氧气时，天然锰矿用量为20g／L、次氯酸钠的用量为20mL／L、光强2000W、光距10cm、反应时间为60min、pH值在7．5-9．5，废水的COD去除率达52％，脱色率达93％。     

光电催化结合氧化降解碱性品红的研究

用UV／TiO2悬浮液光催化氧化和间接电氧化相结合的方法降解碱性品红．考察了NaCl浓度、电流密度、pH值对光电催化结合降解碱性品红速率的影响．结果表明：光电催化结合比单一光催化降解效果有了明显的提高；NaCl浓度对光电催化结合的降解速率没有明显影响；提高电流密度可以增加光电催化结合的降解速率，但会减少单位电流密度下碱性品红的降解量；pH=9．00时，光电催化结合的降解速率最大．光电催化结合氧化降解160．0min后溶液脱色率达100％，COD去除率达75．5％．     

溶胶制备工艺对TiO2光催化剂活性的影响

考察了不同酸、溶剂以及不同比例水制备的溶胶对TiO2光催化剂活性的影响进行了分析.结果表明,在盐酸、醋酸、草酸和甲基丙烯酸中,采用醋酸所得催化剂活性最好;在乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇4种溶剂中,采用正丁醇作溶剂所得催化剂活性最好;最佳溶胶制备条件为钛酸丁酯∶水∶冰醋酸:正丁醇=1∶3∶8∶10(摩尔比);最优条件下制备的TiO2催化剂平均粒径为15·19nm,晶型为锐钛矿,对小于320nm的紫外光有良好的吸收;利用研制的TiO2光催化剂降解多菌灵废水,反应1h,COD去除率在35%左右;对9·606mg·l-1的苯酚溶液光降解半衰期为4·6min.     

用浸涂法制备飘浮负载型TiO2薄膜光催化降解辛烷

以空心玻璃球为载体，用浸涂法制备飘浮负载型ＴｉＯ２薄膜光催化剂，用Ｘ射线衍射，扫描电镜和分光光度法等对催化剂的物相、形貌及负载量进行了表征，并以辛烷为石油中烷烃的代表，用气相色谱法测定了经不同时间光照后，辛烷残留的百分含量，经１ｈ光照能降解辛烷９０％以上。     

FLOOD INUNDATION IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES FROM AIRCRAFT AND SATELLITE IMAGERY1

ABSTRACT: Panchromatic black and white, color, and color infrared photographs and thermal infrared imagery are compared for a capability to show flood boundaries. In open agricultural and urban areas, these boundaries are easily delineated on all types of am. Boundaries are more difficult to see in wooded areas. In March, hardwood trees are dormant, but black and white photographs and color photographs show only the tops of these trees. Color infrared photographs in January and March have a distinctive color or tone in inundated woods; the limit of this tone is the flood boundary. Daytime thermal infrared imagery in March shows that inundated woods are cooler than dry land but warmer than open water. After about April 1, both color infrared photography and thermal infrared imagery show only the top of the tree canopy and do not reflect underlying flood water. Inundated areas can be delineated easily on ERTS satellite imagery from December through March. On imagery from May 4–5, 1973, however, most inundation boundaries had to be drawn as dashed lines; the tree canopy obscures flood waters in wooded areas. Despite this problem, the results of mapping flood boundaries on May imagery are believed to be reasonable for the scale of the imagery.     

水中有机污染物的光催化氧化

本文系统综述了十余年来光催化氧化法去除水中有机污染物的基础研究成果，讨论了光催化氧化法的机理、影响光催化氧化反应速率的因素及提高光催化反应效率的途径，旨在为该方法的应用开发研究提供有益的帮助。     

SO4^2-／TiO2对SO2-C7H16-TiO2复相光化学反应的影响

研究了TiO2与SO2，C7H16复相光化学反应的光催化活性．在SO2-C7H16-TiO2光催化反应过程中，TiO2表面可形成SO4^2-/TiO2结构，它的存在可提高庚烷的光催化氧化速率，利用IR和XPS研究了反应过程中TiO2表面形成的SO4^2-/TiO2结构。     

UV／TiO2薄膜体系光降解酞酸酯研究

采用自制玻璃负载TiO2薄膜，研究了UV-Vis／TiO2以及UV／TiO2／H2O2体系对2种酞酸酯DBP和DEHP的光催化降解情况。研究结果表明，TiO2在暗处对酞酸酯没有降解作用；UV／TiO2体系能有效光降解DBP和DEHP，TiO2具有明显的光催化作用，增强因子分别为，fDBP=2．06，fDEHP=1．53；在一定浓度范围内DBP在UV／TiO2体系中的降解速率与其初始浓度成负一级动力学关系；UV／TiO2／H2O2体系对DBP的光降解能力远大于UV／TiO2和UV／H2O2体系，H2O2能显著提高TiO2的光催化活性。     

The role of interfacial films in the mass transfer of naphthalene from creosotes to water

Viscous, semi-rigid interfacial films that are formed at the interface of certain multi-component non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPLs) and water can significantly reduce the rates of mass transfer of solutes. Creosote-water systems were investigated for their ability to form interfacial films. The effects of these films on the creosote-water partition and on mass transfer of a representative solute, naphthalene, were investigated in a series of experiments. The area-independent mass transfer coefficient of naphthalene contained in creosote decreased by 30% over a 1-week period in systems containing creosote and water. Further aging for up to 21 days did not result in significant additional decreases in the mass transfer coefficient. The creosote-water partition coefficient, however, did not change with extended contact. The presence of viscous interfacial films in creosote-water systems was demonstrated in pendant drop tests. These interfacial films most likely caused the reduction in solute mass transfer coefficients by providing significant resistance to the diffusion of solutes through the interfacial film. Results from mass transfer experiments conducted under different system conditions suggested that hindered diffusion of naphthalene through the bulk creosote phase, changes in composition of creosote as a result of extended dissolution, or changes in creosote-water interfacial area did not contribute to the decrease in naphthalene mass transfer coefficient.     

纳米TiO2薄膜在不同陶瓷表面的负载及其光催化性能研究

利用2种不同表面处理的陶瓷作为载体，用溶胶凝胶法在其表面进行了纳米TiO2光催化薄膜的负载。采用X射线衍射法（XRD）、X射线光电于能谱仪（XPS）和扫描电镜（SEM）对薄膜的粒径、横断面及表面组成进行了表征和分析，结果表明，TiO2的平均粒径约为15nm，釉面陶瓷TiO2薄膜分布均匀，膜厚约为300nm；无釉陶瓷TiO2薄膜分布不均，膜层不明显；2种载体中的一些基质离子在TiO2薄膜有渗透。苯酚的降解实验表明，以2种不同表面处理的陶瓷为载体的TiO2薄膜对苯酚的降解均符合一级反应动力学，就催化活性而言，TiO2／釉面陶瓷〉TiO2／无釉陶瓷，分析认为基质渗透的Ca^2＋有降低TiO2光催化活性的作用；该薄膜对实际生产多菌灵废水具有催化降解作用。重复降解实验20次，TiO2／釉面陶瓷和TiO2／无釉陶瓷对苯酚的去除率仅分别降低9％和6％。