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111.
112.
研究了高压汞灯和氙灯照射下氧氟沙星(OFLX)在蒸馏水、人工海水和天然海水中的光降解过程,探讨了光源、起始浓度、丙酮、表面活性剂等因素对OFLX光化学降解速率的影响.结果表明,OFLX在高压汞灯下的光反应速率比在氙灯下快得多,均符合一级反应动力学过程;在相同光源下,OFLX在海水中降解最快,其次是人工海水;当OFLX初始浓度为2、4、6mg.L-1时,其光解速率常数分别为0.163、0.140和0.132 min-1,随着OFLX初始浓度增大,其光解率降低;不同浓度的丙酮均能促进OFLX光降解的反应,其反应速率常数为0.084 2~0.102 min-1,且光敏效率与丙酮浓度呈正相关关系;然而当十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、吐温-20(TW-20)等表面活性剂的浓度为5 mg.L-1,它们均抑制了水体中OFLX光降解反应的进程.另外,利用金藻8701单种培养进行了OFLX光化学降解前后的毒性试验,表明OFLX光解过程产生风险较高的中间产物,随着光解进行,产物毒性降低. 相似文献
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The preparation of immobilizing-catalysts for decomposing ozone by using dipping method was studied. XRD, XPS and TEM were used to characterize the catalysts. The three kinds of catalysts were selected preferentially, and their catalytic activities were investigated. The results showed that the catalyst with activated carbon dipping acetate( active components are Mn:Cu = 3:2, active component proportion in catalyst is 15%, calcination temperature is 200℃ ) has the best catalytic activity for ozone decomposing. One gram of catalyst can decompose 17.6g ozone at initial ozone concentration of 2.5g/m^3 and the residence time in reactor of 0.1s. The experimental results also indicated that humidity of reaction system had negative effect on catalytic activity. 相似文献
116.
O3 decomposition catalysts with excellent performance still need to be developed. In this study, Ag-modified manganese oxides (AgMnOx) were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the activity of MnOx and AgMnOx catalysts was investigated. The effect of the amount of Ag addition on the activity and structure of the catalysts was further studied by activity testing and characterization by a variety of techniques. The activity of 8%AgMnOx for ozone decomposition was significantly enhanced due to the formation of the Ag1.8Mn8O16 structure, indicating that this phase has excellent performance for ozone decomposition. The weight content of Ag1.8Mn8O16 in the 8%AgMnOx catalyst was only about 33.76%, which further indicates the excellent performance of the Ag1.8Mn8O16 phase for ozone decomposition. The H2 temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) results indicated that the reducibility of the catalysts increased due to the formation of the Ag1.8Mn8O16 structure. This study provides guidance for a follow-up study on Ag-modified manganese oxide catalysts for ozone decomposition. 相似文献
117.
Yongsheng Zhang Lilin Zhao Ruitao Guo Na Song Jiawei Wang Yan Cao William Orndorff Wei-ping Pan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(7):156-162
In this study, the mercury adsorption characteristics of HBr-modified fly ash in an entrained-flow reactor were investigated through thermal decomposition methods. The results show that the mercury adsorption performance of the HBr-modified fly ash was enhanced significantly. The mercury species adsorbed by unmodified fly ash were HgCl2, HgS and HgO. The mercury adsorbed by HBr-modified fly ash, in the entrained-flow reactor, existed in two forms, HgBr2 and HgO, and the HBr was the dominant factor promoting oxidation of elemental mercury in the entrained-flow reactor. In the current study, the concentration of HgBr2 and HgO in ash from the fine ash vessel was 4.6 times greater than for ash from the coarse ash vessel. The fine ash had better mercury adsorption performance than coarse ash, which is most likely due to the higher specific surface area and longer residence time. 相似文献
118.
在以 γ- Al2O3小球作为填充物的介质阻挡放电条件下 ,研究放电电压 ( 9~ 16k V)、交流电源频率 ( 50~ 1600 Hz)、NO入口浓度 ( 50~1800 ml/m3)、气体空速 (1000~ 6500 h-1)、反应温度 ( 20~250℃ )、介质小球比表面积及加入 O2等因素对 NO分解率的影响 .发现提高放电电压、放电频率及介质小球比表面积能显著增加 NO分解率 ,O2 的加入对 NO的等离子体分解有强抑制作用 . 相似文献
119.
作为我国经济最为发达的省份之一,广东省社会经济可持续发展面临CO2排放量增长的挑战.从多角度分析广东省CO2排放变化的社会经济影响因素,有助于其实现低碳发展.基于投入产出模型,从生产、需求和供应角度分析1987—2015年广东省CO2排放量的变化;此外,采用结构分解分析方法,从需求和供应角度量化广东省各种社会经济因素对CO2排放变化的相对贡献.结果表明:①与生产端相比,需求侧和供给侧的研究有助于识别不同的关键行业,如建筑业(需求侧)、金融和保险业(供给侧).②降低碳排放强度是减少广东省CO2排放的主要因素,而人均最终需求水平和人均初始投入增加是推动广东省CO2排放增加的主要因素.③生产结构、最终需求结构和初始投入结构变化导致CO2排放量略有增加,表明广东省具有较大的通过调整结构性因素减排CO2的潜力.综上,建议除了生产端CO2减排措施外,广东省还应采取需求侧和供给侧相关措施,如优化消费行为、产品分配行为和初始投入结构等. 相似文献
120.
Catalysts of Co1.5Mg1.5/Al0.9Ti0.1O and Co1.5Mg1.5/AlO were successfully prepared by calcinations of corresponding hydrotalcite-like compounds at 800℃ for 4 hr. The derived oxides were of spinel phase and a small quantity of Ti substitution did not change the crystal purity. Their catalytic performance for the NO storage/decomposition was investigated. Ti incorporation enhanced the NO decomposition activity while has an opposite effect on the storage capacity of catalyst. In situ FT-IR spectra of the catalysts showed that the final adsorption species on the catalysts was coordinated nitrates/nitrites. In addition, NO storage/decomposition mechanism has been discussed on the basis of these observations. 相似文献