γ-FeOOH-草酸系统中橙黄I的光化学脱色

以8 W黑光灯为光源,γ-FeOOH为催化剂,加入草酸构成光化学Fenton体系,研究了这一体系中橙黄Ⅰ的光化学脱色动力学;考察了橙黄Ⅰ的初始浓度、初始pH值和草酸初始浓度对橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色降解的影响.结果表明,草酸能显著促进橙黄Ⅰ的脱色与降解,橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色一级动力学常数随草酸浓度的增大呈先升后降的趋势,最佳草酸初始浓度为1.8 mmol·L-1;溶液pH值的变化也显著影响橙黄Ⅰ的脱色.光化学反应过程中Fe2+和总Fe的浓度也随草酸浓度与反应时间的变化而变化.     

剩余臭氧气体分解实验研究

应用强电离介质阻挡放电技术产生的高浓度臭氧气体 ,溶于水后生成的高浓度臭氧水 ,是一种强氧化剂 ,在工业上广泛应用。然而常用的混合器中臭氧不可能被完全利用 ,排出的剩余臭氧气体的浓度较高 ,远大于一类区浓度限值 0 .1 6mg/m3。论述一种利用分子筛吸附与加热相结合的分解方法 ,具有良好效果 ,且设备简单易操作 ,已应用于小型高浓度臭氧水产生设备配套装置中。     

光催化降解亚甲基蓝的影响因素及动力学研究

进行了亚甲基蓝在硫化镉上的暗吸附反应，并作Langmuir拟合和Freundlich拟合计算其吸附速率常数。通过实验证明硫化镉光催化降解亚甲基蓝符合一级动力学反应。在低光强下，反应速率常数随着光强的增大而增大，两者之间存在显著的线性关系。改变光催化反应温度，计算表观活化能Ea为19.13kJ/mol，证明温度对反应影响较小。     

光催化-臭氧协同处理微污染水体的研究

研究了利用光催化-臭氧协同处理微污染水体,分别考察了单一作用和协同作用、不同降解时间、pH值以及不同负载方式下的去除率。     

Impacts of meteorology and precursor emission change on O3 variation in Tianjin, China from 2015 to 2021

Deterioration of surface ozone (O₃) pollution in Northern China over the past few years received much attention. For many cities, it is still under debate whether the trend of surface O₃ variation is driven by meteorology or the change in precursors emissions. In this work, a time series decomposition method (Seasonal-Trend decomposition procedure based on Loess (STL)) and random forest (RF) algorithm were utilized to quantify the meteorological impacts on the recorded O₃ trend and identify the key meteorological factors affecting O₃ pollution in Tianjin, the biggest coastal port city in Northern China. After “removing” the meteorological fluctuations from the observed O₃ time series, we found that variation of O₃ in Tianjin was largely driven by the changes in precursors emissions. The meteorology was unfavorable for O₃ pollution in period of 2015-2016, and turned out to be favorable during 2017-2021. Specifically, meteorology contributed 9.3 µg/m³ O₃ (13%) in 2019, together with the increase in precursors emissions, making 2019 to be the worst year of O₃ pollution since 2015. Since then, the favorable effects of meteorology on O₃ pollution tended to be weaker. Temperature was the most important factor affecting O₃ level, followed by air humidity in O₃ pollution season. In the midday of summer days, O₃ pollution frequently exceeded the standard level (>160 µg/m³) at a combined condition with relative humidity in 40%-50% and temperature > 31°C. Both the temperature and the dryness of the atmosphere need to be subtly considered for summer O₃ forecasting.     

Net Ecosystem Production of Boreal Larch Ecosystems on the Yenisei Transect

The study was carried out in the Turukhansk Research Station of Yenisei Transect (65^°46^′N, 89^°25^′E). Larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.) is the dominant overstory tree species. The research has been conducted on four permanent test plots in same-age mature (110-year old) and overmature (380-year old) post-fire larch stands of green moss and lichen groups of forest type. Carbon cycle parameters were assessed based on a biometric method. Quantitative analysis of carbon pools and fluxes shows that net ecosystem production of north taiga larch stands averages 32% of net primary production. Sink of atmospheric CO₂ makes 1.22 and 0.74 t C ha^{− 1} year^{− 1} for mature and overmature green moss larch stands, and 0.65 and 0.35 t C ha^{− 1} year^{− 1} for lichen type. Net carbon sink in the tree layer make up 9% of net primary production carbon, ground vegetation – 15%, and dead plant residues accumulation – 8% of atmospheric carbon uptake via photosynthesis.     

腈纶废丝的化学处理及产物的应用(续一)

(接上期)2 2 2　合成絮凝剂刘宇、褚庆辉[9] 使腈纶废丝与双氰双胺(DCD)在N ,N -二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的溶液中充分混合,在碱性条件下,升温到1 0 0℃,剧烈搅拌,反应4h后用盐酸中和,水洗,于5 0℃恒温下干燥过夜,制得絮凝剂PAN -DCD ,产品为黄色粉末,产率为89 7%,特性粘数为1 0 65ml/g(二甲基亚砜溶液,2 0℃)。该絮凝剂既可用于分散性染料废水的处理,也可用于阳离子染料废水的处理。图4即为PAN -DCD与聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)及I-DA有机高分子絮凝剂对分散性染料脱色率的对照实验的除色率曲线。图4　三种絮凝剂用量对分散性染料废水脱色效…     

Destruction of VOCs by combination of corona discharge and catalysis techniques

The catalytic effect of alumina on the destruction of toluene, benzene, acetone and methanol, in DC pulsed corona discharge reactor was studied. In the presence of alumina the inlet concentration of the VOCs was varied from 5 x 10-6 mol/L to 80% x 10-6 mol/L, and their decomposition efficiency (conversion %) was found to be 99%-80% for toluene, 99%-97% for benzene, 95%-92% for acetone, and 72%-85% for methanol. Corresponding decomposition in the absence of alumina was 90%-38% for toluene, 89%-57% forbenzene, 42%-30% for acetone, and 47%-19% for methanol. Feed gas flow rate was 400 cm3/min and power reading from DC source was 7.4 W in all of the experiments. Alumina also shifted the CO/CO2 ratio in the by-products in favor of CO2. Ozone concentration at the reactor outlet was higher in the presence of alumina. Enhancement in VOCs decomposition by alumina was explained on the basis of higher concentration of ozone and its precursor atomic oxygen [O].Decomposition efficiency (conversion %) for individual compounds was found to be inversely proportional to the ionization potential of the compound, under identical conditions. Double DC high voltage sources pulse generator was tested and found to improve VOCs decomposition compared with the conventional single DC high voltage source.     

Decomposition of CFC and Halon waste gases in normal-pressure plasma reactors

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浓缩法测定水中痕量汞

采用浓缩消解、冷原子吸收的方法 ,测定水中的痕量汞 ,通过多次实验 ,测定方法的准确性和精密度都较高