澳门离岛植被生态恢复与重建及其效益

回顾了19世纪以来澳门凼仔岛和路环岛两个离岛的植物恢复进程，先锋和重造林群落的组成、结构，水系建设和生物多样性保育工作；评价了该重造林生态系统的直接和间接生态经济价值。结果表明，澳门离岛植被恢复与重建的生态系统在提高立地质量、空气质量的同时，每年可创造生态经济效益21929．03万澳元。其中直接经济效益13737．72万澳元，间接效益8191.31万澳元。结合南亚热带森林生态系统演替规律和澳门城市林业的美学价值需求等，分析、阐述了澳门离岛林分进一步改造的方向、树种和措施。     

城市湖泊生态恢复与景观设计

按照从水生生态系统向陆地生态系统过渡的顺序，尝试提出了城市湖泊水生植被恢复与景观设计、湖滨带生态恢复与景观设计以及湖岸和连通沟渠生态恢复与景观设计的设计思路，并逐一进行分析。     

Assessing perceptions about ecosystem health and restoration options in three east coast estuaries

Increasingly public and governmental agencies are concerned aboutrevitalizing coastal environments. Understanding how the publicuses these areas, and what they see as the most important improvements to these regions is critical to their assessment andmanagement. Uses of three estuaries, and perceptions of possiblemanagement and restoration options, were examined for people whowere interviewed in the New York/New Jersey Harbor, Manasquan Inlet, and Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Nearly 90% of the people interviewed listed pollution as New Jersey's most important environmental problem. Most people (68%) used the habitat for outdoor sports, but rated communing with nature, walking, and the provision of open `green' space as the most valued uses. Pollution prevention was the most often mentioned habitat improvement desired, and people rated removing pollution, cleaning up garbage, and creating more fish breeding habitat the highest. There were significant locational differences inhow people used the estuaries, and in how they thought they should be improved. People from Barnegat Bay ranked most uses higher than did people from elsewhere, while the people from Manasquan Inlet rated the importance of most remediation and restoration actions higher. Many of the improvements fall withinenvironmental management, including (rank order from high to low)creating more fish breeding habitat, improving native vegetation,improving habitat for birds, increasing plant diversity,improving habitat for butterflies, and enlarging adjacentmarshes. The data provide clear support for the importance ofthese coastal habitats for communing with nature and having open`green space' spaces, and for providing recreationalopportunities. To enhance their value, people want to removepollution and improve both the habitat quality and the educational and recreational facilities.     

Condensed atmospheric photooxidation mechanisms for isoprene

Two condensed mechanisms for the atmospheric reactions of isoprene, which differ in the number of species used to represent isoprene's reactive products, have been developed for use in ambient air quality modehng. They are based on a detailed isoprene mechanism that has recently been developed and extensively evaluated against environmental chamber data. The new condensed mechanisms give very close predictions to those of the detailed mechanism for ozone, OH radicals, nitric acid, H₂O₂, formaldehyde, total PANS, and for incremental effects of isoprene on ozone formation in one day simulations. The effects of the condensations become somewhat greater in multi-day simulations, particularly in cases where NO₃ reactions are important at nighttime, but the ozone predictions are still very close. On the other hand, the SAPRC-90, RADM-2, and Carbon Bond IV isoprene mechanisms give quite different predictions of these quantities. It is recommended that the new mechanisms replace those currently used in airshed simulations where isoprene emissions are important.     

浅析景观格局分析方法在生态恢复当中的应用

退化生态系统的恢复是一项艰巨任务，它需要考虑到所要恢复的退化生态系统的结构，多样性和其动态的整体性和长期性。退化生态系统恢复所面临的挑战是理解和利用生态演替理论来完成并加速恢复进程。恢复的主要目标是建立一个自维持的，由不同的群落或生态系统组成的能够满足不同需要如生物保护和粮食生产需要的景观。景观生态学关注于大的空间尺度的生态学问题。景观生态学研究方法可以为退化生态系统恢复实践提供指导。在解决退化生态系统的恢复问题时，景观生态学的方法在理论和实践上是有效的。景观生态学中的核心概念和其一般原理斑块形状、生态系统间相互作用、镶嵌系列等都同退化生态系统的恢复有着密切的关系。如恢复地点的选择和适当的恢复要素的空间配置。在评价退化生态系统的恢复是否取得成功，利用景观生态学也具有重要的意义。景观生态学理论如景观格局与景观异质性理论，干扰理论和尺度理论都能够指导退化生态系统的恢复实践。同样地，景观生态学的许多研究方法对于生态恢复的方案确立、方法实施等都具有明确的指导意义。景观生态学思想与方法应用于退化生态系统恢复过程是一种新的有效途径。     

γ-FeOOH-草酸系统中橙黄I的光化学脱色

以8 W黑光灯为光源,γ-FeOOH为催化剂,加入草酸构成光化学Fenton体系,研究了这一体系中橙黄Ⅰ的光化学脱色动力学;考察了橙黄Ⅰ的初始浓度、初始pH值和草酸初始浓度对橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色降解的影响.结果表明,草酸能显著促进橙黄Ⅰ的脱色与降解,橙黄Ⅰ光化学脱色一级动力学常数随草酸浓度的增大呈先升后降的趋势,最佳草酸初始浓度为1.8 mmol·L-1;溶液pH值的变化也显著影响橙黄Ⅰ的脱色.光化学反应过程中Fe2+和总Fe的浓度也随草酸浓度与反应时间的变化而变化.     

农田土壤侵蚀与生态恢复工程

综述了农田土壤侵蚀的主要原因和带来的环境问题,浅述了土壤生态恢复工程设计的发展和应用.     

regionalclimate Characteristics of regional climate change and pattern analysis on Ordos Plateau

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浅论影视拍摄活动环境影响评价

早在1978年,我国就针对影视业对环境的影响进行了研究,但只限于对电影洗片废水提出了具体的法规-<电影洗片水污染物排放标准>.而在我国目前现有的环境影响评价法律、法规中,影视拍摄这一项目不存在于需要进行环评的目录中,环保部门对这类行为的监管缺乏法律依据,直接导致了<无极>等事件的发生,引发了一系列的问题.本篇文章从拍摄活动与一般建设项目以及一般非污染生态项目的区别与相似之处对影视拍摄活动的施工期环境影响评价、拍摄期环境影响评价及拍摄结束后期的生态恢复工作做出分析并提出对策.     

光催化降解亚甲基蓝的影响因素及动力学研究

进行了亚甲基蓝在硫化镉上的暗吸附反应，并作Langmuir拟合和Freundlich拟合计算其吸附速率常数。通过实验证明硫化镉光催化降解亚甲基蓝符合一级动力学反应。在低光强下，反应速率常数随着光强的增大而增大，两者之间存在显著的线性关系。改变光催化反应温度，计算表观活化能Ea为19.13kJ/mol，证明温度对反应影响较小。