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11.
水体富营养化是全球目前以及今后相当一段时期内的重大水环境问题。氮、磷作为浮游植物生长所必需的营养盐,是水体富营养化的主要限制因子。通过对近年来水体富营养化受氮、磷营养盐限制的研究进行综述,研究了营养盐来源及其对浮游植物生长的影响,总结了营养盐限制性差异的影响因素,分析了缓解富营养化的营养盐主控因子。分析表明:营养盐的来源主要分为外源和内源,受外界环境及人类活动影响显著;浮游植物的生长受N/P比值及其绝对浓度的共同作用;在不同的水文、气候和人类活动强度下,水体富营养化主要营养盐限制因子存在差异,并且存在限制性转换和共同限制的情况;缓解水体富营养化措施的提出应在综合考虑多种因素的前提下进行。 相似文献
12.
基于水质与浮游生物调查的汉石桥湿地富营养化评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于水质与浮游生物的综合调查与评价,可准确判断湿地的富营养化状况.本文以汉石桥湿地为研究对象,设置7个采样点,开展了水质、浮游植物、浮游动物分类监测与调查,并利用营养状态指数法、浮游植物评价法和浮游动物评价法3种方法,评价了水体富营养化状态,比较了各种方法的结果差异.结果表明,3种评价方法的评价结果在时空变化上具有较高的一致性,均显示非核心区富营养化程度较低,核心区富营养化水平较高;各月份相比,10月湿地的富营养化程度较低,6—8月富营养化程度较高.浮游植物和浮游动物评价法所得湿地富营养化程度较营养状态指数法略高,主要表现在4、10月的非核心区评价中.综合水质、浮游植物与浮游动物进行富营养化评价,可得到更为准确的评价结果. 相似文献
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投菌法在水体富营养化防治的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
刘春梅 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2005,25(6):30-31,54
将美国的基因工程菌应用于某池塘静态富营养化水体中,对水体中的营养性指标进行了测定及分析,并对水体中生物变化情况进行观察,通过对各项监测指标的浓度变化曲线分析可以得知:在微生物处理下,水体的营养物质浓度不断下降,水体的浊度下降,透明度升高,得到了实验水水质明显的改善。于是提出利用高效微生物(主要是细菌)进行生物修复是解决水体富营养化的可行途径。 相似文献
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SANJIB Kumar Das DIBYENDU Biswas SUDIPTO Roy 《应用与环境生物学报》2007,13(4):449-453
Plankton is a kaleidoscopic spectrum of organisms with repre-sentatives from almost all phyla of animals and thousands of non-flowering plants. Unicellular protozoans, invertebrates and bacteriato diatoms all drift around as the plankton community. The produc-tion rate of plankton is determined by a host of environmental pa-rameters like physico-chemical properties of water and soil, mete-orological characteristics of the region, and morphometric and hy-drographic features of the water body[3]… 相似文献
16.
固定化微生物对养殖水体浮游生物的影响及生物除氮研究 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
研究了固定化微生物(含有光合细菌、芽胞杆菌、硝化细菌以及反硝化细菌)对养殖水体中藻类和浮游动物的种类、数量、生物量以及水体氮素等理化环境的影响.结果表明,固定化微生物处理后,水体中藻的种数增加,藻类细胞(或丝状体)数量及生物量减少;水体中浮游动物种类和生物量增加,从而浮游动物的群落组成发生了变化.微生物经固定化处理后,脱氮率高,有效期长;小球内固定化微生物总数和与脱氮速率呈正相关,其回归方程为y=-6.23×10-3 1.86×10-5x;固定化微生物处理可以显著降低水体的总氮、氨态氮和硝态氮的浓度,其含量分别是对照的40.8%、36.5%和45.9%.图3表1参10 相似文献
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Antarpreet S. Jutla Ali S. Akanda Shafiqul Islam 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2010,46(4):651-662
Jutla, Antarpreet S., Ali S. Akanda, and Shafiqul Islam, 2010. Tracking Cholera in Coastal Regions Using Satellite Observations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(4): 651-662. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00448.x Abstract: Cholera remains a significant health threat across the globe. The pattern and magnitude of the seven global pandemics suggest that cholera outbreaks primarily originate in coastal regions and then spread inland through secondary means. Cholera bacteria show strong association with plankton abundance in coastal ecosystems. This review study investigates the relationship(s) between cholera incidence and coastal processes and explores utility of using remote sensing data to track coastal plankton blooms, using chlorophyll as a surrogate variable for plankton abundance, and subsequent cholera outbreaks. Most studies over the last several decades have primarily focused on the microbiological and epidemiological understanding of cholera outbreaks. Accurate identification and mechanistic understanding of large scale climatic, geophysical, and oceanic processes governing cholera-chlorophyll relationship is important for developing cholera prediction models. Development of a holistic understanding of these processes requires long and reliable chlorophyll datasets, which are beginning to be available through satellites. We have presented a schematic pathway and a modeling framework that relate cholera with various hydroclimatic and oceanic variables for understanding disease dynamics using the latest advances in remote sensing. Satellite data, with its unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage, have potentials to monitor coastal processes and track cholera outbreaks in endemic regions. 相似文献
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Dominika Saniewsk Magdalena Beldowsk Jacek Beldowski Micha? Saniewski Justyna Kwa′sniak Lucyna Falkowska 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(8):1144-1150
The aim of this study was to characterize mercury (Hg) contamination in the coastal waters of the Southern Baltic Sea, and to
investigate transformations of Hg in the initial links of the marine food chain. Concentrations of Hg in water, particulate matter,
plankton and macrophytes at various stations in the coastal zone (a bay with restricted water exchange, near an industrial city, river
mouths, and the open sea) were measured in 2006–2008. Hg concentrations observed in the Southern Baltic varied greatly, showing
the highest average values in all environmental compartments near the river mouths. In shallow, sheltered parts of the gulf, where water
exchange is restricted, Hg concentrations in the water and in macrophytes were elevated relative to those in the coastal zone of the
deeper part of the bay and in the open Baltic. Distance to the river mouth, terrestrial runo , and quantity and quality of organic matter
were more important than seasonal variations in controlling Hg and HgSPM concentrations in water samples. Mercury concentrations in
the surface microlayer at the air/sea interface were over 10 times higher than those in the bulk surface water. Concentrations of Hg in
macrophytes in the winter were significantly higher than those in the warm seasons (spring, summer, autumn). This was probably the
combined e ect of higher availability of Hg in porewaters and leaf growth inhibition. 相似文献