灰色层次分析法在中小型电厂安全性评价中的应用

电厂安全性评价是综合运用安全系统工程的方法对系统的安全性进行度量和预测。笔者确定了电厂安全性评价的指标体系,提出了应用灰色层次分析法评价电厂安全性的方法与步骤。该方法能在缺资料、少信息条件下完成建模、预测和决策,将评价专家的分散信息处理成一个描述不同灰类程度的权向量并进行单值化处理,从而可得到受评电厂安全性体系的综合评价值和电厂安全性的等级划分,再应用灰色层次分析法对模型电厂进行了实际评价,其结论是可信、方法适用。     

新疆火电行业SO2排放现状及控制对策

新疆火电行业是新疆SO2排放大户,其排放量占全疆工业SO2排放量的43.4%,且有逐年递增的趋势,而其去除率却一直处于较低水平.乌鲁木齐华电红雁池电厂等5家火电厂SO2的排放量排在新疆火电行业之首,应而需将这5家火电厂SO2排放作为重点监控对象,并提出了火电厂减排SO2的几点对策和建议.     

Do Non-Native Species Threaten The Natural Environment?

Conservation biologists and other environmentalists confront five obstacles in building support for regulatory policies that seek to exclude or remove introduced plants and other non-native species that threaten to harm natural areas or the natural environment. First, the concept of “harm to the natural environment” is nebulous and undefined. Second, ecologists cannot predict how introduced species will behave in natural ecosystems. If biologists cannot define “harm” or predict the behavior of introduced species, they must target all non-native species as potentially “harmful”. an impossibly large regulatory task. Third, loss of species richness may constitute harm to an environment, but introduced organisms typically, generally, and significantly add to species richness in ecosystems. If species richness correlates with desirable ecosystem properties, moreover, such as stability and productivity, as some ecologists believe, then introduced organisms, by increasing species richness, would support those desirable properties. Fourth, one may plausibly argue that extinction constitutes environmental harm, but there is no evidence that non-native species, especially plants, are significant causes of extinction, except for predators in certain lakes and other small island-like environments. Fifth, while aesthetic, ethical, and spiritual values may provide a legitimate basis for invasive species policy, biologists often cite concepts such as “biodiversity” and ecosystem “health” or “integrity” to provide a scientific justification. To assert that non-native species threaten biodiversity or undermine ecosystem health, however, may be to draw conceptual entailments or consequences from definitions of “biodiversity” and “integrity” that arbitrarily exclude non-native species or make the presence of exotic species a per se indicator of decline.     

Integrity and Rights of Plants: Ethical Notions in Organic Plant Breeding and Propagation

In addition to obviating the use of synthetic agrochemicals and emphasizing farming in accordance with agro-ecological guidelines, organic farming acknowledges the integrity of plants as an essential element of its natural approaches to crop production. For cultivated plants, integrity refers to their inherent nature, wholeness, completeness, species-specific characteristics, and their being in balance with their (organically farmed) environment, while accomplishing their “natural aim.” We argue that this integrity of plants has ethical value, distinguishing integrity of life, plant-typic integrity, genotypic integrity, and phenotypic integrity. We have developed qualitative criteria to ethically evaluate existing practices and have applied these criteria to assess whether current plant breeding and propagation techniques violate the integrity of crop plants. This process has resulted in a design of a holistic, scientific approach of organic plant breeding and seed production. Our evaluation has met considerable criticism from mainstream (crop) scientists. We respond to the following questions: (1). Can ethics be incorporated into objective crop sciences? (2). What is the nature of the intrinsic value of plants in organic farming? We argue that criteria to take integrity into account can only be assessed from a holistic perspective and we show that a holistic approach is needed to design such ethical notions in a consistent way. The ethical notions have been further elaborated by formulating human responsibility and respect towards crop plants. Responsibility and respect can only be shown by providing crop plants the right to be nurtured and to express natural behavior at all levels of integrity.     

密封法测定焦化厂废水的COD

介绍了用密封法测定焦化厂废水COD的方法，并与回流法进行了比较。试验结果表明，密封法与回流法有着很好的相关性，准确度高，用密封法测定焦化废水的COD，不仅工艺简单，费用低，而且可进行批量分析，提高工效5倍以上。     

红厚壳在海南岛的分布及其生长习性

红厚壳在海南岛一直是适应性强，分布广泛的珍贵植物资源。调查结果表明，在经济建设，农业土地开发等压力下，海南岛的红厚壳植物资源正日趋减少，目前仅在琼山，文昌等地区还保留较丰富，南部地区已绝迹，西部地区也难以见到。     

中国资源管理模式的发展历程与改革思路

研究资源管理模式对实现自然资源可持续利用具有重要意义。中国在开发利用自然资源的过程中，经过了供给管理、需求管理、资源化管理、资产化管理等几个不同的管理模式，在分析比较这些管理模式的产生背景、主要内容和优缺点的基础上，借鉴国外发达国家资源管理模式的成功经验，认为中国应该采用资源化管理与资产化管理相结合的资源管理模式，提出了部分对策建议。     

Phytoremediation of Selected Explosives

The phytoremediation of trinitrotoluene (TNT), nitroglycerine (NG) and pentaerytritoltetranitrate (PETN) using in vitrocultures of Rheum palmatum, Saponaria officinalisand Populus simonii were studied. All above mentioned explosives were degradated to less toxic products and finally probably bound to the cell wall or further involved in the metabolism. The formation of trinitrobenzene (TNB) during degradation of TNT which is a product of alternative degradation pathway was found too.     

火电厂节水与废污水回用研究

从火电厂加强水务管理和废污水治理的角度，对生活污水、含油污水、灰水、循环水的治理现状和措施作了较全面地介绍，初步分折了火电厂节水的经济效益，并介绍了实际工程设计中的一些体会。     

火电厂推行ISO14001体系与节能降耗

分析了环境管理体系(EMS)中的节能降耗与火电厂传统的节能工作之间的区别与联系，并通过火电厂推行EMS所取得的节能降耗实绩，阐述其对传统节能工作的促进作用。