氨基乙醇席夫碱Cu2+配合物的合成及其催化染料降解

合成了3个氨基乙醇席夫碱Cu2+配合物并进行了表征.利用分光光度法考查了配合物催化降解酸性蓝9的性能和动力学曲线;利用Graph Pad Prism 5软件进行了米氏常数的测定;利用HPLC法测定了降解产物.发现配合物均为单核五配位配合物.发现配合物能催化废水中酸性蓝9降解,催化活性Cu Cl Lb·H2O最好,Cu Cl La·H2O其次,Cu Cl Lc·H2O最差,说明给电子基团有利于催化活性,位阻基团不利于催化活性.发现Cu Cl La·H2O、Cu Cl Lb·H2O催化酸性蓝9的V-S曲线与米氏方程吻合,米氏常数分别为1.35×10-2mmol·L-1和1.54×10-2mmol·L-1,说明催化过程具有酶促特性,Cu Cl La·H2O与底物的结合能力比Cu Cl Lb·H2O与底物结合能力弱.发现降解产物有顺式丁烯二酸.推测了配合物的催化机理和酸性蓝9的降解机制.得到了两个性能优良的酸性蓝9降解的仿酶催化剂,催化活性可以通过基团进行调控,为开发新的染料废水的有效治理技术提供了理论和实践支持.     

填料吸附-等离子体氧化协同处理苯酚废水

采用低温等离子体协同填料吸附净化苯酚废水。实验结果表明:COD去除率随放电时间延长而增大,随电压的增大COD去除率先增加后略有下降;随原水初始p H值和曝气量的增加COD去除率呈现先增加后减小的趋势。多孔陶瓷、陶粒、4A分子筛、陶瓷拉西环4种填料对苯酚废水COD去除率均有促进效果,但4A分子筛吸附净化效果最佳。实验表明在低温等离子体协同4A分子筛条件下,苯酚废水净化效果明显高于单独采用填料或低温等离子体处理。正交实验结果表明影响COD去除率因素的顺序为放电时间>放电电压>废水p H值>4A分子筛装填量。在放电时间为130 min,电压为35 k V,废水初始p H值为5.5,4A分子筛投加量为200 g的最佳条件下,COD去除率达到最大,为90.28%。     

Experimental studies of removing typical VOCs by dielectric barrier discharge reactor of different sizes

This research conducted both lab-scale and pilot-scale tests by selecting toluene as the typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and by using the promising non-thermal plasma oxidation technology – dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). To develop baseline engineering data to demonstrate the feasibility of application of self-made DBD reactors, the peak voltage, gas flow speed, initial toluene concentration, discharge frequency and duty ratio were studied. The results showed that toluene removal efficiency improves with increase of electrical voltage, frequency and duty ratio, and declines with increase of polar distance, gas flow speed and toluene initial concentration. When the voltage increases, the energy efficiency rises first and then drops. The energy efficiency reaches the climax when the energy density reaches 150.8 J/L and 101.7 J/L in the lab-scale experiment and pilot-scale experiment respectively.     

光-Fenton/TiO2催化氧化法降解酸性红B的研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2,将TiO2与Fenton试剂联合用来处理酸性红B模拟废水,研究了在紫外光条件下的降解效果,确定最佳反应条件.实验结果表明,采用TiO2与Fenton试剂联合的方式对酸性红B染料废水进行处理,其降解效果明显优于单一使用TiO2和Fenton法的处理方式.对于初始浓度为100 mg/L的酸性红B模拟染料废水,在TiO2投加量为1 g/L,pH为3,Fe2+为0.15 mmol/L,H2O2为1mmol/L,UV光照时间为60 min时,脱色率可达最佳.     

卷烟厂技改项目的异味气体治理工程

某卷烟厂根据"十一五规划"进行异地扩建,重新建设一套异味气体污染治理工程。针对车间排风量大和异味气体释放点源多特点,采取治理工艺各有不同,既达到相应处理效果又节省投资;采用注入式低温等离子体工艺强化对异味气体处理,解决了设备受污染和大风量异味气体难处理等问题,成为整套治理工艺的特色。     

电晕放电等离子体同时去除水中Cr(Ⅵ)和苯酚的实验研究

采用电晕放电等离子体同时去除水中Cr（Ⅵ）和苯酚,考察了输出功率、空气流速、初始pH值、初始浓度以及Cr（Ⅵ）和苯酚的比例关系对Cr（Ⅵ）和苯酚去除效率的影响.实验结果表明,电晕放电等离子体对水中Cr（Ⅵ）和苯酚有好的去除效率.在初始浓度均为30mg·L-1、pH=2.1、空气流量0.05m3·h-1、初始电导率2.26mS·m-1、电极间距6mm、输出功率为60W的条件下,反应时间40min,Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率可达98.8%,苯酚去除率99.9%.实验结果证明,苯酚的存在可以提高Cr（Ⅵ）的去除效率,过量的苯酚对Cr（Ⅵ）的去除没有促进作用,Cr（Ⅵ）的存在对苯酚的去除没有影响.     

Simultaneous removal of NO and SO2 from dry gas stream using non-thermal plasma

In order to investigate the feasibility of sequential removal NO and SO_2 using non-thermal plasma and adsorbent simultaneously,the removal of NO and SO_2 from dry gas stream(NO/SO_2/N_2/O_2)with very little O_2 using non-thermal plasma was investigated using a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge.Comparative experiments were carried out in the dry gas stream with and without Ar respectively at O_2 concentration of 0.1%.The results showed that NO could be removed remarkably and it would be enhanced in the presence of Ar in the dry gas stream.It seems that SO_2 could not be removed unless there is Ar in the dry gas stream.The mechanism of removal of NO and SO_2 in the dry gas stream was discussed.     

Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 resin: Applications for the separation and preconcentration of trace metal ions prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

A simple, sensitive column solid-phase extraction procedure for separation and preconcentration of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked and natural water samples using 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 (XAD-4-DHN) chelating resin prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was discussed. The optimum experimental parameters such as pH, volume of sample and eluent, flow-rates of uptake and stripping, and sorption capacity of the chelating resin, were evaluated. The effect of the electrolytes and the cations on the preconcentration of metal ions was also investigated. The chelating resin could be reused for more than 20 cycles of sorption–desorption without any significant change (<1.0%). Recoveries obtained from this method range from 96 to 102% with R.S.D of 2.50 (n = 4). The detection limits for Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) were found to be 1.9, 0.9, 1.2 µg, and 1.4 µg L^?1, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked, tap water, and river water samples.