Fe/Cu双金属活化过一硫酸盐降解四环素的机制

利用共沉淀法成功制备出绿色、高效、具有磁性的介孔Fe/Cu双金属非均相催化剂(Fe-Cu-400),通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、比表面积测试仪(BET)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)及X射线能谱仪(EDS)等表征手段对催化剂的结构、形貌等进行分析,并用制备的Fe-Cu-400催化剂活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)降解四环素(TC),研究了不同反应条件对降解效果的影响.结果表明Fe-Cu-400/PMS体系具有较好的降解效果,随着PMS浓度和初始p H的提高,TC降解效率明显增加;无机阴离子(H2PO-4、HCO-3、Cl-)均对TC的降解有不同程度的促进作用,而NO-3对TC的降解则表现出较弱的抑制作用.Fe-Cu-400在循环使用5次后仍具有较好活化性能.通过自由基抑制实验和XPS测试分析了Fe-Cu-400/PMS体系的活化机制和分解产生的主要活性物种.通过LC-MS结合TOC分析,推测出TC经水解、脱甲基、脱羟基和脱氨基作用达到降解和矿化.     

Pulsed corona discharge for improving treatability of coking wastewater

Coking wastewater(CW) contains toxic and macromolecular substances that inhibit biological treatment. The refractory compounds remaining in biologically treated coking wastewater(BTCW) provide chemical oxygen demand(COD) and color levels that make it unacceptable for reuse or disposal. Gas-phase pulsed corona discharge(PCD) utilizing mostly hydroxyl radicals and ozone as oxidants was applied to both raw coking wastewater(RCW) and BTCW wastewater as a supplemental treatment. The energy efficiency of COD,phenol, thiocyanate and cyanide degradation by PCD was the subject of the research. The cost-effective removal of intermediate oxidation products with addition of lime was also studied. The energy efficiency of oxidation was inversely proportional to the pulse repetition frequency: lower frequency allows more effective utilization of ozone at longer treatment times. Oxidative treatment of RCW showed the removal of phenol and thiocyanate at 800 pulses per second from 611 to 227 mg/L and from 348 to 86 mg/L, respectively, at 42 k Wh/m~3 delivered energy, with substantial improvement in the BOD5/COD ratio(from 0.14 to 0.43).The COD and color of BTCW were removed by 30% and 93%, respectively, at 20 k Wh/m~3,showing energy efficiency for the PCD treatment exceeding that of conventional ozonation by a factor of 3–4. Application of lime appeared to be an effective supplement to the PCD treatment of RCW, degrading COD by about 28% at an energy input of 28 k Wh/m3 and the lime dose of 3.0 kg/m~3. The improvement of RCW treatability is attributed to the degradation of toxic substances and fragmentation of macromolecular compounds.     

等离子体技术在废旧塑料资源化中的应用

叙述了废旧塑料回收利用对环境的影响，介绍了废旧塑料资源化几种重要的方法及资源化中存在的问题，分析了等离子体技术在废旧塑料资源化中的特点及存在的问题，并提出了解决方法。     

炭法烟气脱硫技术现状与趋势

介绍了炭法烟气脱硫在脱硫剂、脱硫工艺和设备等方面的应用现状和研究进展 ,分析了制约炭法烟气脱硫技术发展的原因 ,并提出 :开发新材料、新工艺 ,变传统的炭吸附法脱硫技术为炭催化法脱硫技术是炭法脱硫技术的发展方向     

低温等离子体治理H2S污染的实验研究

低温等离子体技术是一种高效、快速的污染消除技术,国内外都在对其进行广泛而深入的研究.采用脉冲电晕放电等离子体对空气中的硫化氢进行降解研究,探索了、脉冲峰压、脉冲频率、气体流量以及气体初始浓度对净化效果的影响,气体浓度由气相色谱仪测定.结果表明,脉冲电晕放电可以有效消除硫化氢污染,净化率随脉冲峰压和脉冲频率的增加而提高,随气体初始浓度和流量的增加而下降,且在初始浓度360 mg/m3、流量1200 mL/min、脉冲峰压30 kV、脉冲频率80 Hz的条件下,处理后的气体中已检测不到H2S,根据色谱检测限(0.29 mg/m3)计算出的净化率≥99.92%.采用离子色谱对产物进行了定性分析,发现H2S经放电处理后主要产物为SO2和SO3.     

蜂窝状活性炭研究

蜂窝状活性炭是一种新型的活性炭。简要介绍了蜂窝状活性炭的结构特性和吸附性能，重点总结了蜂窝状活性炭基催化剂的制备方法及其在催化方面的应用。     

低温等离子体处理废液技术

低温等离子体技术包括热等离子体技术和冷等离子体技术。该技术处理废液具有范围广，快速，高交，无二次污染等优点，尤其对难降解有毒废液的处理，其先进性和优越性更为突出，被认为是21世纪环境污染物处理领域中最有发展前途的新技术之一。综述了低温等离子体处理废液技术的研究和应用进展，重点分析了冷等离子体技术处理难降解有机废液的作用机理，探讨了两种技术现存的主要问题，并指出了今后需要研究的方向。     

Destruction of VOCs by combination of corona discharge and catalysis techniques

The catalytic effect of alumina on the destruction of toluene, benzene, acetone and methanol, in DC pulsed corona discharge reactor was studied. In the presence of alumina the inlet concentration of the VOCs was varied from ～5×10^-6mol/L to ～80×10^-6mol/L, and their decomposition efficiency (conversion %) was found to be 99%—80% for toluene, 99%—97% for benzene, 95%—92% for acetone, and 72%—85% for methanol. Corresponding decomposition in the absence of alumina was 90%—38% for toluene, 89%—57% for benzene, 42%—30% for acetone, and 47%—19% for methanol. Feed gas flow rate was 400 cm³/min and power reading from DC source was 7.4 W in all of the experiments. Alumina also shifted the CO/CO₂ ratio in the by products in favor of CO₂. Ozone concentration at the reactor outlet was higher in the presence of alumina. Enhancement in VOCs decomposition by alumina was explained on the basis of higher concentration of ozone and its precursor atomic oxygen [O] . Decomposition efficiency (conversion %) for individual compounds was found to be inversely proportional to the ionization potential of the compound, under identical conditions. Double DC high voltage sources pulse generator was tested and found to improve VOCs decomposition compared with the conventional single DC high voltage source.      

NO,N2气体中电晕放电高能电子密度分布的光谱实验研究

利用目前在等离子体特性诊断方面较为先进实用的发射光谱法，在常温常压下测量了正脉电晕放电ＮＯ发射光谱相对强度沿线－筒式反应器的径向分布以及Ｏ２对ＮＯ发射光谱强度的影响。由此得到了正脉冲电晕放电等离子体中高能电子的电子密度沿线－筒式反应器的径向分布情况。     

脉冲电晕烟气脱硫脱硝的化学动力学分析

对脉冲电晕等离子体条件下烟气ＳＯ２、ＮＯ气相氧化进行化学动力学模拟研究，结果表明，在气相反应中，ＳＯ２主要由ＯＨ基氧化脱除，大部分氧化物转化为Ｈ２ＳＯ４；ＮＯ的氧化则涉及与多种自由基（Ｏ，ＯＨ，ＨＯ２）及中性物种的反应，给出了ＳＯ２、ＮＯ气相氧化对主要自由基（ＯＨ基）浓度的依赖关系，以及典型实验上ＳＯ２气相净化所需的最优ＯＨ基产额，讨论了Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｏ２的行为和作用，及其含量对气象净化过程的影响；化学