排序方式: 共有40条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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室温下消除CO的催化剂 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文考察了活性炭复合载体负载的、采用铂和钯金属络合物为初始化合物制备的负载型贵金属催化剂,在CO氧化反应中的催化性能。从中筛选出可在室温下消除CO的催化剂(编号CO-20-2),并试验了该催化剂在干、湿两种原料气氛下的活性和稳定性。与国内外用于同种反应的催化剂相比较,其活性和稳定性均较好。采用活性炭复合载体和与其匹配的活性组分初始物质Na_2PtCl_6和Pd(OAc)_2时,适宜的H_2还原温度范围为100—200℃,CO-20-2催化剂可在室温至45℃的低温范围内连续消除空气内的CO。 相似文献
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道路环境PGEs多介质累积规律 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为了研究道路环境PGEs多介质累积规律,选择上海市5条道路,同步采集灰尘、土壤及植物样品,对其中铂族元素(PGEs)含量水平进行分析.结果表明,灰尘中Rh、Pd、Pt平均浓度分别为24.92、88.39、22.28 ng/g,土壤中Rh、Pd、Pt平均浓度分别为3.64、17.45、0.97 ng/g,植物中Rh、Pd、Pt平均浓度仅分别达到2.66、6.39、0.57 ng/g,灰尘PGEs浓度远高于土壤及植物,土壤与植物中Pt、Rh浓度水平较接近;道路环境PGEs分布呈现一定规律性,但与交通流量关系并不密切;路边植物对道路灰尘PGEs吸附能力表现为Pt>Pd>Rh,其中,对Pt、Pd吸附作用非常明显,对Rh几乎不存在吸附作用,路边植物对土壤PGEs的吸收能力为Pd>Rh>Pt,Pd的生物有效性最大;多介质PGEs比例值很接近或部分重合,且均在上海市道路灰尘PGEs比值范围内,反映出上海市道路环境PGEs来源相同且均来自汽车VECs. 相似文献
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Catalytic converters have been designed to solve the problem of pollution from automobiles. However, recent studies have shown that the platinum group metals (PGMs) that are used in the design are being deposited alongside highways. The objective of this study was to measure the levels of PGMs that bioaccumulate in Oreochromis niloticus, Penaeus laspisulcates, Scylla serrate, Galaxias brevipinnis and Mollusc in the river Pra estuary along a major highway in Ghana. Chemical analysis using neutron activation analysis showed accumulation of the PGMs in all the biota species analysed. The S. serrate and mollusc showed higher accumulation than the other species. The mollusc and the other fish species in the estuary are consumed in Ghana, and therefore there is the need to educate the population on the effect of the PGMs on their health. 相似文献
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高效负载型光催化剂制备及其加铂修饰技术 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过光催化氧化五氯苯酚钠实验,结合对催化剂晶型结构、比表面积的表征分析,优化钛酸四丁酯水解制备TiO2负载型催化剂并加铂修饰的制备条件:R值、烧结温度、粘合剂添加量、空心玻璃珠粒径大小及催化剂中铂含量,从而制备出高效、实用的负载加铂修饰型半导体光催化剂.实验结果表明,当R=10,温度为650℃烧结1h,TiO2∶硅酸钠∶空心玻璃珠=10∶2.5∶20(W),铂在催化剂中的重量百分比为1.4%~1.6%,空心玻璃珠的粒径为0.5mm时,所制备的加铂修饰负载型催化剂催化活性、使用寿命和牢固度均比较理想.用该催化剂做光催化实验,当反应液初始五氯苯酚钠浓度为100mg/L、pH值为6.5,催化剂投加量为2g/L,通氧气量为1.6mL/s,光照强度为30kW/m2时,五氯苯酚钠2 h光催化氧化率达92.0%. 相似文献
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Guy D. Griffin Clay E. Easterly Isidor Sauers Harry W. Ellis Loucas G. Christophorou 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(2):139-166
Sulfur hexafluoride decomposed by electrical sparks has been found to by cytotoxic to hamster cells when tested in an in vitro cell survival assay, while SF6 shows no cytotoxic activity. Chemical analysis of spark‐decomposed SF6 has identified and quantified the following compounds: SOF2, SO2F2, SF4, SOF4, SiF4, SO2 and HF. Each of these gases, at concentration ranges expected in spark‐decomposed SF6, were tested for cytotoxic activity toward hamster cells. Of the gases showing cytotoxic activity, SO2F2 and SOF4 were similar in activity, as were SOF2 and SF4, while the behavior of SiF4 was different from the rest. None of these individual gases, at concentrations expected in spark‐decomposed SF6, has sufficient cytotoxic activity to account for the cytotoxic effect of spark‐decomposed SF6 observed in our assay system. A four‐component mixture of some of the gases enumerated above (at concentrations overestimating their abundance in spark‐decomposed SF6) was much less cytotoxic than the spark‐decomposed SF6 gas. A mathematical simulation of the cytotoxic activity of a mixture of gases at concentrations found in spark‐decomposed SF6 was made, assuming independent cytotoxic effects from each component. The simulated cytotoxic effect thus computed was less than that seen in spark‐decomposed SF6. Since individual components or mixtures of the major decomposition products do not account for the observed biological activity of spark‐decomposed SF6, this suggests there may be one or more components, present in the spark‐decomposed gas at very low concentrations, which may have a very strong cytotoxic activity. 相似文献
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采用研究相对较少的螯合萃取剂——丁二酮肟-氯仿萃取体系螯合萃取分离Pt(Ⅳ)、Pd(Ⅱ),用NaOH反萃,对丁二酮肟-氯仿体系萃取铂、钯的性能进行了研究.实验考察了萃取的反应温度、混相时间、反应剂用量、相比、酸度、氢氧化钠浓度以及干扰离子对钯的萃取率及反萃率的影响.在反应温度为70℃、pH=1、相比V(O)/V(A)=1∶1、混相时间为5min的最佳萃取条件下,进行含铂、钯废催化剂浸出液的分离,系数为βPd/P1=12629,其它共存离子Fe(Ⅲ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Mg(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)的萃取率小于1%. 相似文献