Mediating effects of psychological safety in the relationship between team affectivity and transactive memory systems

In this research, we develop a framework for understanding the emergence of transactive memory systems (TMS) in project‐based teams characterized by different levels of group level positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA). With a focus on enhancing understanding of the means of transmission, we test the mediating role played by group level psychological safety (PS) in the relationship between team affectivity and TMS. From a sample of 107 software implementation project teams, in a lagged field study, we find support for a mediated model in which high group NA, but not group PA, promotes environments psychologically unsafe for interpersonal risk‐taking (low PS) and which are negatively associated with TMS. This study extends prior research on the differential effects of PA and NA, by contributing to the limited research on group affectivity, environmental antecedents of TMS, and the mediating role of PS for predicting group level transactive processes and structures. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上海春季近地面大气CO_2浓度空间分布特征及其影响因素分析

基于移动监测手段获取上海春季典型样带近地面CO2浓度监测数据,在明确近地面CO2浓度空间分布格局的基础上,分析了城市化水平以及土地利用类型对近地面CO2浓度的影响。结果表明上海市春季近地面CO2浓度空间分布呈现西高东低、北高南低的特征,空间异质性较为明显,市中心比郊区高出55.1μmol/mol(13.3%),存在着明显的城市"CO2"岛现象。城市化水平对于上海市近地面CO2浓度影响较为显著,总体上呈现随城市化水平上升而下降的趋势,距市中心距离每增加1km,CO2浓度下降1.56μmol/mol。上海市近地面CO2浓度与5km范围内下垫面土地利用类型相关性显著,其中近地面CO2浓度与林地以及建设用地覆盖率相关性最高,依次为-0.64和0.63。进一步分析表明近地面CO2浓度与土地利用类型的相关性在高度城市化以及城郊区域较高,在中低城市化水平区域较低。     

Critical factors for the recovery of marine mammals

{en} Over the past decades, much research has focused on understanding the critical factors for marine extinctions with the aim of preventing further species losses in the oceans. Although conservation and management strategies are enabling several species and populations to recover, others remain at low abundance levels or continue to decline. To understand these discrepancies, we used a published database on abundance trends of 137 populations of marine mammals worldwide and compiled data on 28 potentially critical factors for recovery. We then applied random forests and additive mixed models to determine which intrinsic and extrinsic factors are critical for the recovery of marine mammals. A mix of life‐history characteristics, ecological traits, phylogenetic relatedness, population size, geographic range, human impacts, and management efforts explained why populations recovered or not. Consistently, species with lower age at maturity and intermediate habitat area were more likely to recover, which is consistent with life‐history and ecological theory. Body size, trophic level, social interactions, dominant habitat, ocean basin, and habitat disturbance also explained some differences in recovery patterns. Overall, a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors were important for species’ recovery, pointing to cumulative effects. Our results provide insight for improving conservation and management strategies to enhance recoveries in the future.     

Impact of Climate Change on Urban Agglomerations in China＇s Coastal Region

Climate change and urbanization issues are the two key factors that make humans liable to be affected by disasters, which are overlapped in urban agglomeration. The five big urban agglom- erations of C...     

企业不同层级员工安全文化培训探讨

安全文化在事故预防中具有不可替代的重要作用,而培训是企业安全文化改善技术手段的重要方面。本文在中国矿业大学（北京）安全管理课题组现阶段研究成果的基础上,研究来自山东、河南、山西、东北4个省的10个样本煤矿的四类层级员工——管理层、专业人员、班组长、一线员工的安全文化初始测量值、两次培训后的提高幅度值和32条核心理念的得分情况。得出初始安全文化测量值不同层次员工的得分从高至低依次为：管理层,专业人员,班组长,一线员工;第一次培训后提高幅度值从高到低为：班组长,专业人员,管理层,一线员工;第二次培训后提高幅度值从高到低为：班组长,一线员工,管理层,专业人员并分析了得分高低不同的原因。     

煤矿井下噪声危害分析及对策

煤矿井下噪声作为一种强污染和安全隐患并未得到充分的重视,为了说明加强井下噪声治理工作的必要性,分源分析了煤矿井下的噪声产生及其强度.分析结果表明煤矿高强度噪声污染可对井下工人的身体产生特异性和非特异性危害,同时也可直接或间接导致各种事故的发生,为矿井安全生产埋下了隐患.从井下噪声的产生、传递、接受三方面分别提出了降低和解决矿井噪声危害的方法和对策,得出不仅需要改进现有井下防噪技术,而且需要加强矿井行政管理,提高工人的防噪意识,才可降低矿井噪声的危害.但彻底根治煤矿井下噪声危害是一个综合性的难题,需要煤炭工业整体的发展和社会各界提高对劳动保护的重视程度.     

陕西省经济-社会-环境系统协调性研究

经济、社会、环境三个子系统构成一个复杂的区域系统,区域系统的协调性与综合水平在不同程度上反映了某地区的发展水平,经济--社会--环境系统协调发展是可持续发展的基本要求.陕西省位于西部前沿,是实施西部大开发战略目标的重要省份.选择区域子系统的组成要素并确定各要素的评价标准,根据集对分析的思想得到各子系统所处的状态,按照空间概念计算区域系统内各市的协调性和综合水平.结果表明:①陕西省大部分区域协调性在中等水平以上;②陕西省各市综合水平值普遍偏低;③陕西省各市综合水平与经济水平(以人均GDP衡量)存在一定的正相关关系.研究结论可为陕西省不同城市采取相应策略促进区域系统协调发展提供一定参考.     

辽宁省城市化发展水平区域差异及驱动力研究

采用复合指标方法对辽宁省14个省辖市的城市化发展水平进行了测度.结果表明,辽宁省内城市化发展水平呈现高低落差大的格局.根据测度结果进行城市化发展水平类型划分,探讨了影响城市化发展水平区域差异的驱动力,主要包括资源禀赋因素、经济因素、经济全球化因素、城市基础设施因素、历史和政策因素.     

基于能值理论武陵山片区旅游生态化水平测度与空间异质性分析

旅游生态化是实现旅游可持续发展的重要途径,而旅游生态化水平测度是旅游生态化研究的基础工作。本文创新性地构建了基于能值理论的旅游地生态化水平分析框架及测度模型。以武陵山片区为研究对象,基于研究区域2018年相关截面数据,以县级行政单位为研究单元对旅游生态化水平进行测度。测度结果表明：武陵山片区旅游生态化水平为中等偏下水平;县域单元等级数量呈“金字塔”形分布;评价体系目标层指标存在显著性差异。探索性空间数据分析方法分析表明研究区域旅游生态化水平空间分布上显示较为明显的集聚特征,显示较强的正相关,异质性弱。分指标空间分布显示大多数县域单元旅游社会经济的发展与环境保护不同步。     

贵州省县级市创建环境保护模范城市的思考

简要介绍了全国县级市"创模"的概况,结合贵州省4个"创模"县级市的实际情况,从指标考核范围、指标考核标准、城市发展战略、环保基础设施等方面,分析了贵州省县级市创模的优势与压力。