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171.
以锗烟尘氯化蒸馏后的废盐酸为原料,以废铁为还原剂,使废酸中的有价金属锗以还原态沉淀富集在渣中,强化氧化氯化蒸馏回收四氯化锗,锗的综合回收率达94.10%。同时生产净水剂用液体氯化铁产品。 相似文献
172.
Optimization of the recovery of plastics for recycling by density media separation cyclones 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gent Malcolm Richard Menendez MarioToraño Javier Torno Susana 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(4):472-482
Material recovery processes are presented as the optimum option for recycling plastic wastes as a means of recovering hydrocarbon resources. There exist a large variety of automated material recovery processes for recycling of such wastes but each with significant limitations. Of these, the separation based on differences in densities is advocated as the optimum process either for producing recycled products or preparing wastes for subsequent recovery processing.Density separation processes based on cyclone type density media separation (DMS) is presented as an important, potential method for increasing plastics recycling process capacities. It is demonstrated to have the capacity to separate a significantly larger range of particle sizes than those presently processed industrially. The mathematical relationship for the prediction of quality of typical LARCODEMS type density media separations by particle size and density as expressed by the Ecart Probable is presented.A proposed device configuration is presented for density media separation to optimize the recovery and purity of both density fractions produced. It is also suggested that to be economically viable, a large scale of operation is required for industrial plastics recycling operations recovering and producing a number of different plastics with a purity to be used as a substitute for virgin material. 相似文献
173.
聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)生物降解过程对植物生长的影响评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense Stapf)、籽粒笕(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)、豇豆(Vigna sesquipedalis Wight)种子的发芽试验及其盆栽试验,考察了PBS在土壤浸提液中的生物降解性能,探讨了PBS高聚物、低聚物和合成单体对植物的发芽和生长影响。研究结果表明:①在土壤浸提液中微生物对PBS有一定的降解作用,且在降解过程中,降解液的pH变化不明显;②PBS高聚物的降解产物对植物生长没有影响;③P BS低聚物在降解初期抑制部分植物的幼苗生长,后期对植物的生长没有影响;④当丁二酸的质量浓度低于200 mg.L^-1时,对植物种子的发芽和幼苗生长不会产生影响,当质量浓度高于500 mg.L^-1时,将抑制幼苗生长;当1,4-丁二醇的质量浓度低于2 000 mg.L-1时,对种子的发芽和生长没有影响。 相似文献
174.
以华南滨海小流域——中山大学滨海水循环试验基地(试验基地)作为研究区,在对该流域地下水和雨水分别进行采样、实验分析的基础上,利用氯量平衡法(CMB)与地下水动态法计算了该流域的降雨入渗补给系数与给水度。研究发现,试验基地地下水主要受降雨补给,地下水埋深在雨季(4—9月)、旱季(10—3月)的变动范围大致为0~1.5 m与0~0.5 m。根据CMB计算结果,补给区、中间区雨季降雨入渗补给系数分别为旱季的1.3~1.6倍和1.3~2.0倍,且补给区大于中间区(M5井除外)。利用地下水动态法计算次降雨入渗补给系数,所得雨季、旱季的均值(7.6%和4.6%)与CMB计算结果(7.7%和5.3%)较为接近。给水度、雨强与入渗补给系数均存在一定的线性关系。将地下水埋深分别与降雨入渗补给量及潜水蒸发量进行多项式拟合对比,发现降雨入渗对地下水的最大入渗补给埋深约为2.3 m,当埋深为3.1 m时,地下水可获得最大净补给量。 相似文献
175.
Helen A. Cruse Jonathan E.H. Buston Luc N. Véchot Graham A. Tickle Ralph Rowlands 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2011,89(6):415-423
This paper describes part of a programme of work undertaken at the Health and Safety Laboratory (HSL) to investigate the behaviour of selected water-reactive chemicals. Following an accidental release, such substances react exothermically with any water present, generating acidic vapours. The STAWaRS (Source Term Assessment of Water Reactive Substances) software was developed for the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) by ESR Technology to model this complex process. The aims of the study described here were to provide experimental validation of the heats of hydrolysis used within STAWaRS, and to perform sensitivity studies on selected STAWaRS input parameters.The heat of hydrolysis of acetyl chloride was measured and showed good correlation with the value used within STAWaRS. Some of the variables that influence the severity of acetyl chloride spills are examined, with reference to predictions made by the STAWaRS model. The heats of hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride previously measured at HSL are also discussed, and the effect of adopting these experimentally derived values for modelling spills is shown for a hypothetical land use planning case. This study demonstrates the importance of using experimentally validated values for STAWaRS input parameters. 相似文献
176.
分别采用十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(OATC)和磷酸改性电极并负载铁涂覆在碳布表面,制得Fe/OC-OATC电极和Fe/PC电极用于构建生物电芬顿系统,提高电芬顿技术中H2O2的原位生产能力,达到高效降解印染废水的目的.通过极化曲线、功率密度曲线以及循环伏安曲线对2种复合电极的电化学性质进行分析,结果表明,Fe/OC-OATC的电流密度、最大功率密度以及氧还原能力等均优于Fe/PC,最大功率密度为4.89W/m3,相应的电流密度可达22.9A/m3.然后探究了2种复合电极构建的生物电芬顿系统对罗丹明B的降解效果,结果显示,Fe/OC-OATC体系﹥ Fe/PC体系,Fe/OC-OATC体系对罗丹明B的去除率最高达96.4%.最后根据动力学分析和反应机理的研究,分析了2种系统对罗丹明B的降解机理. 相似文献
177.
178.
The highly e cient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions
between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These e ects are quite distinct from those associated
with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation e ciency, they have not been comprehensively
discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by
time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that
PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica
and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coagulation/flocculation e ciency in
turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared
to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping,
adsorption bridging mechanism. 相似文献
179.
180.
钢材在深加工过程中通常使用盐酸对其表面进行酸洗除锈,从而产生大量废液。为了实现盐酸酸洗废液的资源化处理,以氯酸钠作为氧化剂制备聚氯化铁,考察了氧化剂加入量、浓盐酸加入量、反应时间、反应温度等因素对Fe2+转化率的影响。实验得到的最佳工艺条件为:每处理100 mL废液需加入7.0 g氯酸钠、12 mL浓盐酸(12 mol/L)、0.3 g磷酸二氢钾,反应温度30 ℃,反应时间30 min,搅拌转速5 r/s。该条件下,Fe2+转化率可达98.51%,得到的聚氯化铁产品符合《水处理剂 聚氯化铁》(HG/T 4672—2014)标准。 相似文献