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181.
182.
密封消解法测定高氯化物废水的化学需氧量 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
开发出测定高氯化物废水COD的密封消解法,该法可排除高浓度氯离子的干扰。通过丁酮氧化率、氯离子干扰、混配水样和实际水样的测定,对密封消解法和重铬酸钾法进行了验证。试验结果表明:在测定高氯离子废水的COD时,密封消解法优于重铬酸钾法,能够真实、准确地测定废水的COD。 相似文献
183.
含氯化亚铁添加剂细水雾灭火有效性的实验研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
为了提高常规细水雾的灭火有效性,拓展其应用范围,本文采用小尺度实验的方法,研究了含氯化亚铁添加剂细水雾在不同燃料种类、添加剂浓度、压力下扑灭池火的有效性。实验结果表明:向细水雾中添加氯化亚铁,显著地影响了它的灭火性能;细水雾的灭火时间随着加入的氯化亚铁的质量浓度变化而发生改变,而且存在一个最短灭火时间浓度;细水雾喷头的工作压力和燃料的类型也对细水雾的灭火性能有影响,喷头工作压力越大,细水雾的平均灭火时间越短;在相同的实验条件下,细水雾灭煤油火的时间要短于灭乙醇火的时间。 相似文献
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186.
工业聚合氯化铝的形态分布及混凝效果 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
对铝浓度为2.50mol·l-1的聚合氯化铝.采用Al-Ferron络合比色法和烧杯混凝实验对样品的形态分布和混凝性能进行了研究.结果表明:三个工业系列样品中Al的形态分布规律基本一致,Ala随盐基度的升高而逐渐降低;Alc随盐基度的升高而升高;Alb则先随盐基度的升高而升高,达到最大值后,再随盐基度的升高而降低.同一系列样品在相同加药条件下,盐基度愈高,混凝效果愈好,Alb含量愈高,混凝效果并不一定愈好.因此,提高Alb不一定能提高混凝效果,工业产品的质量控制以及追求目标应当是尽量提高盐基度,而不是Alb的含量. 相似文献
187.
An investigation of dye decolorization from synthetic dye solutions using the non-ionic, water-soluble, high molecular weight seed gums Ipomoea dasysperma and guar gum as coagulants was undertaken. The use of galactomannans derived from plants in this system presents a sustainable method of textile effluent treatment. These natural coagulants extracted from plants proved to be workable alternatives to conventional coagulants like polyaluminum chloride, as they are biodegradable, safe to human health, are cost effective when compared to imported chemicals and have a wider effective dosage range for flocculation of various colloidal suspensions. Coagulant dose and coagulation pH are important factors influencing the mechanism of coagulation. Also the type and chemical structure of the dye plays an important role in the coagulation process. The seed gums alone were found to be effective for decolorization of direct dye and in combination with PAC their coagulation efficiency was well extended even for reactive and acid dyes. 相似文献
188.
Compared with traditional aluminum salts, polyaluminum chloride (PACI) has better coagulation-flocculation performance in turbidity removal. However, it is still inferior to organic polymers in terms of bridging function. In order to improve the aggregating property of PACl, different composite PACl flocculants were prepared with various organic polymers. The effect of organic polymer on the distribution or Al(Ⅲ) species in composite flocculants was studied using ^27TAl NMR and Al-ferron complexation methods. The charge neutralization and surface adsorption characteristics of composite flocculants were also investigated. Jar tests were conducted to evaluate the turbidity removal efficacy of organic polymer modified composite flocculants. The study shows that cationic polymer and anionic polymer have significant influences on the coagulation-flocculation behaviors of PACl. Both cationic and anionic polymers can improve the turbidity removal performancc of PACl but the mechanisms arc much different: cationic organic polymer mainly increases the charge neutralization ability, but anionic polymer mainly enhances the bridging function. 相似文献
189.
H酸生产过程中排出的废液中含有大量萘的衍生物,对生物具有毒性,是目前最难处理的废水之一。本研究采用亚铁-过氧化氢氧化法对该废液进行处理,以改善它的可生化性能,降低水中有机物的溶解性,提高混凝处理效率。结果表明,最佳pH值为2~4,亚铁的适宜投加量为200mg/L,当H2O2投加量为30g/L时,COD去除率为50%,废水已具有可生化性。经亚铁-过氧化氢氧化处理(H2O2的投加量为3g/L)后的废液,再用FeCl3进行两级混凝处理(FeCl3的量分别为15和5g/L),COD的去除率达90%,H酸氧化过程中,HO先和萘环上的钝化基团发生置换反应,使萘环活化,进一步氧化,萘环裂解,最终转化为无机物。研究结果对提高该种废水生物处理效率有实用意义。 相似文献
190.
An equilibrator for sampling the partial pressures of halomethanes in seawater was designed and built, incorporating semipermeable membrane tubing to carry the gas phase. The equilibrator was tested for its ability to equilibrate chloromethane, bromomethane, iodomethane, and CFC-11. The residence time required for these halomethanes to equilibrate in the tubing (30 to 60 s) was determined experimentally. In a laboratory test, concentrations calculated from equilibrator measurements and based on published solubility values were found to differ by 6% to 16% from concentrations measured with a purge-and-trap apparatus, but uncertainties in the solubility values are likely to contribute significantly to the differences. In a comparison at sea, no significant difference was found between the semipermeable membrane equilibrator and another, more conventional equilibrator, except a 1.3% difference for CFC-11. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using semipermeable membranes in this and related applications. 相似文献