A New Method for Determination of Chlorophylls in Freshwater Algae

A new method (NMM, using acetic acid fiber filter and 90% ethanol) was established to determine chlorophyll in freshwater algae, and it was compared with US standard method (USM, using glass fiber filter and 90% acetone) and the method recommend by EPA of China (CHM, using acetic acid fiber filter and 90% acetone). The precision and repeatability of NMM is equivalent to that of USM, but NMM is safer to laboratory workers than USM and CHM because ethanol was used as solvent in NMM instead of acetone used in USM and CHM, and time and money were also greatly saved by the new method. The precision and repeatability of CHM was much less than USM and NMM, and the advice improving the method was proposed that the extraction time must be prolonged.     

Transportation fuel production by combination of LDPE thermal cracking and catalytic hydroreforming

Fuel production from plastics is a promising way to reduce landfilling rates while obtaining valuable products. The usage of Ni-supported hierarchical Beta zeolite (h-Beta) for the hydroreforming of the oils coming from LDPE thermal cracking has proved to produce high selectivities to gasoline and diesel fuels (>80%). In the present work, the effect of the Ni loading on Ni/h-Beta is investigated in the hydroreforming of the oils form LDPE thermal cracking. h-Beta samples were impregnated with Ni nitrate, calcined and reduced in H₂ up to 550 °C to achieve different Ni contents: 1.5%, 4%, 7% and 10%. Larger and more easily reducible metal particles were obtained on Ni 7%/h-Beta and Ni 10%/h-Beta. Hydroreforming tests were carried out in autoclave reactor at 310 °C, under 20 bar H₂, for 45 min. Ni content progressively increased the amount of gases at the expenses of diesel fractions, while gasoline remained approximately constant about 52–54%. Maximum selectivity to automotive fuels (～81%) was obtained with Ni 7%/h-Beta. Ni loading also enhanced olefins saturation up to Ni 7%/h-Beta. High cetane indices (71–86) and octane numbers (89–91) were obtained over all the catalysts. Regarding the different studied Ni contents, Ni 7%/h-Beta constitutes a rather promising catalyst for obtaining high quality fuels from LDPE thermal cracking oils.     

电改袋技术在CFB锅炉除尘系统改造中的应用

分析了CFB锅炉电除尘系统改造为袋式除尘器的技术方案。改造后,除尘器已经稳定运行半年多,各项技术指标均达到设计要求,环境效益与经济效益显著。     

聚酰胺及其改性材料自然老化行为研究及预测

在自然环境(武汉)下进行了两年半的老化曝晒实验,随着老化时间的增长,聚酰胺材料的吸水率逐渐增加,力学性能下降,表面出现了不同程度的裂纹.通过吸水率测试和力学性能的比较,发现环境湿度影响聚酰胺老化过程中力学性能变化,湿度越大,材料力学性能下降越快;改性后,即添加了玻璃纤维后的聚酰胺,能够在一定程度下减缓材料老化行为.对材...     

活性炭纤维对水中敌草隆的吸附性能

探讨了活性炭纤维对水中敌草隆的吸附．结果表明,在pH=2．9时,吸附量最大;活性炭纤维的吸附能力随着温度的升高而升高;Redlich．Peterson方程更适合描述敌草隆的吸附行为;Gibbs自由能（△G0）值小于零,说明此吸附过程是自发进行的吸附过程;假二级方程更适用于描述活性炭纤维对水中敌草隆的吸附动力学过程．     

艾比湖生态环境治理措施

新疆准噶尔盆地艾比湖流域属典型的风沙地貌聚集区,近50年来由于湖域面积不断减少,植被逐渐衰亡,在阿拉山口大风的作用下,艾比湖流域已经成为新疆沙尘暴的策源地之一,综合治理刻不容缓。流域水量逐年减少、植被大面积衰亡和阿拉山口的大风是导致艾比湖流域环境恶化的主要原因。利用风力布水,辅以植物纤维网覆盖为核心的生物综合治理方案,其可行性分析表明:该方法对逐步恢复艾比湖流域的生态有较好的应用价值,同时该技术还可以推广至湿地恢复和沙漠化治理当中。     

活性炭及活性炭纤维对CS2的吸附行为研究及其方法探讨

以活性炭纤维(ACF)对水中CS:的吸附处理作为研究对象,并与另外两种活性炭(颗粒活性炭GAC和粉末活性炭PAC)进行对比研究,展示了ACF对CS:的优异吸附性能与处理效果,即吸附容量大,吸附低浓度效果好.同时运用新的宽平衡浓度吸附试验方法,测试了ACF、GAC、PAC对CS2的吸附平衡曲线,并对几种常见的吸附等温方程...     

装甲防护衬层及相关材料研究进展

综述了装甲防护衬层的技术应用现状,从防辐射、抗弹、防破片等方面分析了相关防护机理,着重总结了玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE)、聚苯并双噁唑纤维(PBO)以及混杂纤维复合材料等的研究进展,最后指出了未来该领域的研究重点。     

玻纤增强复合材料在厦门地区自然老化及寿命预测研究

目的 研究玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂的自然老化机理,预估该复合材料在厦门地区的使用寿命。方法 研究玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂在厦门近海地区大气暴露、海水飞溅、海水全浸等3种方式下,自然老化3 a的表面形貌变化和力学性能变化规律。通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪观察试样的微观结构,解释老化机理。运用线性回归方程对该复合材料的使用寿命进行预测。结果 获得了该复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等力学性能在老化过程中的变化规律,得到了大气暴露方式下试样的线性回归方程,计算得到弯曲强度下降到75%时的使用寿命。结论 该复合材料在大气暴露方式下的自然老化程度最大,在海水全浸方式下的自然老化程度最小。在老化过程中,主要是复合材料表面的不饱和聚酯树脂老化、脱离。以弯曲强度下降到75%为失效指标,计算得出复合材料的寿命为93.3个月。     

Ni-ACF催化H_2O_2氧化降解碱性品红废水

以活性炭纤维为载体,Ni2+,Mn2+,Zn2+和Fe2+的硝酸盐为活性组分,采用浸渍法制备了4种负载型催化剂,并以H2O2为氧化剂,碱性品红为目标污染物,用催化湿式氧化法,探讨了催化剂用量、H2O2投加量、染料初始浓度、反应溶液p H值、反应时间和催化剂重复使用等因素对碱性品红脱色效果的影响。结果表明,Ni-ACF较其它催化剂有较好的活性,染料的初始质量浓度为100 mg/L,Ni-ACF的用量为3.2 g/L、H2O2的投加量为20 m L/L、p H值为5.4(原液)时,反应4 h后碱性品红的脱色率达97.7%。催化剂重复使用活性良好,连续使用4次,脱色率仍可达62.5%。