硫酸盐在厌氧生物过程中的行为 Ⅰ.抑制作用及其影响因素

采用半连续实验方法，研究了中温条件下不同硫酸盐负荷在两种不同实验基质中对厌氧体系产生的影响和抑制作用规律。结果表明，在两种基质中硫酸盐对厌氧体系的抑制作用表现出相同的规律，在一定ＣＯＤ负荷下，ＳＯ４＾２－负荷小于０．１０－０．３０ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ），对厌氧体系产生轻度抑制；ＳＯ４＾２－负荷大于１．５ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ）时，会产生重度抑制作用；当ＣＯＤ／ＳＯ４＾２－≥１，体系中ＳＯ４＾２－累积浓度大于８０００     

聚合氯化铝铁絮凝剂的性能及应用

本文报道了聚合氯化铝铁（ＰＡＦＣ）絮凝剂对分散染料和活性染料的脱色效果和ＰＡＦＣ现场处理石化厂、钢铁厂。煤矿废水的效果。ＰＡＦＣ对分散染料具有良好的脱色效果，对石化厂、钢铁厂及煤矿废水也具有良好的净化效果。ＰＡＦＣ是一种高效稳定的新型净水剂。     

聚合硫酸铁中碱化度的分析方法

本文着重介绍了聚合硫酸铁中碱化度的分析方法，其方法可靠、准确，对聚合铁的质量分析及生产指导均有较大帮助。     

软锰矿浆烟气脱硫技术

软锰矿浆烟气脱硫技术不权脱硫率高，而且可以获得硫酸锰等产品。本文对这种脱硫技术的研究工作进行综述，介绍其反应原理，评价已用吸收器的性能，并就有关参数对脱硫率和连二硫酸锰的生成的影响进行讨论。     

积云中H2O2液相氧化S（Ⅳ）的数值模拟

用一个液相化学反应和一维时变积云动力学过程相结合的模式,取不同的[SO_2]和[H_2O_2],对积云发展过程中由H_2O_2液相氧化云中S(Ⅳ)而形成的SO_4~(2-)、其它离子以及云水pH值的时空分布进行了数值模拟计算。 计算结果表明,在积云的中、上部呈现硫酸盐的高值中心和pH的低值中心,而在积云的底部,由于NH_3·H_2O的离解,形成高浓度的OH~-和NH_4~+,可使云内液态水的pH值增至大于5.6;大气中SO_2和H_2O_2浓度的改变,对云内液态水的酸化均具有重要的影响;由于化学反应的参与,H_2O_2使S(Ⅳ)转化成S(Ⅵ)是一复杂的非线性问题。     

氧化镁湿法烟气脱硫回收工艺的技术经济可行性初步分析

介绍了回收结晶硫酸镁的氧化镁湿法烟气脱硫工艺的基本工艺流程,在抛弃法脱硫系统上所作的工业试验证明了吸收液循环提浓MgSO4的可行性.参照工业硫酸镁生产工艺对130t/h燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫作了回收工艺的投资效益分析和整体工艺的经济性评价,结果表明回收工业硫酸镁具有良好的经济效益.     

含有机物铁泥的超临界水氧化法资源化

氨基染料生产过程中产生大量含有机物的铁泥,对环境造成严重污染并造成资源的极大浪费.利用超临界水氧化法对含有机物铁泥进行资源化处理研究,并对产物进行了X射线衍射分析（XRD）、色差实验与电子探针分析.研究结果显示,用超临界水氧化法处理铁泥可以将铁泥中所含的有机物完全氧化,真正实现环境友好;超临界水首先将铁泥氧化成α-Fe2O3与γ-Fe2O3,再经过800℃煅烧后可以作为氧化铁红颜料使用;超临界反应压力对样品的晶型与颜色影响不大.     

油田水反硝化技术抑制硫酸盐还原菌活性研究进展

综述了国内外应用反硝化技术抑制硫酸盐还原的沿革和最新进展。随着油田系统采出水中SRB造成危害的日益严重,常规的物理和化学法因其高成本、低效率等原因已不能满足需求,生态抑制法逐渐受到人们关注。着重介绍了反硝化技术对硫酸盐还原的抑制作用,阐述了当前国内外学者在此领域的研究现状,总结了研究者提出的几种机理,重点介绍了生物竞争抑制机制、中间产物抑制机制、形成厌氧硫循环机制、同时具有反硝化和硫酸盐还原的细菌作用机制以及电位抑制机制。列举了国内外成功应用反硝化抑制硫酸盐还原的成功实例,并总结了该领域研究的热点问题。     

ANOMALOUS NATURAL SULFATE IN WATER WELLS OF THE GREENBRIER GROUP,WEST VIRGINIA1

ABSTRACT: Many water wells developed in the Middle Mississippian Greenbrier Group of central Greenbrier County, West Virginia, are very productive because of the abundant solution conduits in this karst aquifer. Water from these wells, all of which (with one exception) are clustered in a small area about eight kilometers northwest of Lewisburg, West Virginia, is typically very hard (calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type). Of 74 wells sampled, eight showed sulfate concentrations ranging from 600 to 1700 mg/l. These wells also showed a much higher than average concentration of calcium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, and, in a few cases, iron. The water from several of these wells was not potable. Previously unpublished work has suggested that dolomite and gypsum dissolution have contributed magnesium and sulfate ions to the ground water. It is also likely that, where sodium, chloride, and iron concentrations are above background, halite dissolution and pyrite oxidation are contributing to the problem. All of these minerals are often associated with the basal waterbearing strata of the Greenbrier Group. In addition, it is possible that the wells are receiving deeply circulating ground waters, via fracture zones, which feed many other well-known sulfur and/or thermal springs in the central Appalachians.     

Transformation and removal of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip from selective catalytic reduction in wet flue gas desulfurization system

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration may increase the emission of NH₄⁺ and NH₃. The removal and transformation characteristics of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip during the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process, as well as the effect of desulfurization parameters, were investigated in an experimental system equipped with a simulated SCR flue gas generation system and a limestone-based WFGD system. The results indicate that the ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip in the flue gas from SCR can be partly removed by slurry scrubbing, while the entrainment and evaporation of desulfurization slurry with accumulated NH₄⁺ will generate new ammonium-containing particles and gaseous ammonia. The ammonium-containing particles formed by desulfurization are not only derived from the entrainment of slurry droplets, but also from the re-condensation of gaseous ammonia generated by slurry evaporation. Therefore, even if the concentration of NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry is quite low, a high level of NH₄⁺ was still contained in the fine particles at the outlet of the scrubber. When the accumulated NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry was high enough, the WFGD system promoted the conversion of NH₃ to NH₄⁺ and increased the additional emission of primary NH₄⁺ aerosols. With the decline of the liquid/gas ratio and flue gas temperature, the removal efficiency of ammonia sulfate aerosols increased, and the NH₄⁺ emitted from entrainment and evaporation of the desulfurization slurry decreased. In addition, the volatile ammonia concentration after the WFGD system was reduced with the decrease of the NH₄⁺ concentration and pH values of the slurry.