草浆造纸黑液ASF(活性炭、硫酸钠、糠醛)综合利用工艺研究

据统计,1988年我国造纸企业已达5360个,产量达1270×10⁴t,其中近5000个为年产5000t以下的小草浆厂,产量占总产量的43 ％左右.这些小草浆厂大多采用碱法制浆,这部分制浆蒸煮黑液,绝大多数直接排放江河,造成严重污染.开发多方面的综合利用途径,使草浆黑液变废为利,是一项有意义的研究课题,我们所开展的草浆造纸黑液ASF综合利用工艺,是一种将黑液作为制取活性炭、硫酸钠、糠醛的资源,同时也使其中绝大多数污染物得到去除的工艺.     

重庆地区云水的飞机观测

1989年10月3～13日,在重庆地区上空1500～4000m 进行了云水和污染气体的飞机观测。结果表明云水大都酸化并污染,亚硫酸根在硫氧酸根中占33.5％。     

酸浸渣制取硫酸亚铁的研究

论述了利用金矿冶炼中的酸浸尾渣制取硫酸亚铁溶液，主要考察了温度、反应时间、硫酸浓度、硫酸用量对铁浸出率的影响，得出了酸浸尾渣制取硫酸亚铁的最佳工艺条件。     

Loss of ozone on sulfate and sulfide doped-ice surfaces

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对改良硫酸钡比浊法测定水中硫酸根方法的改进

通过条件试验，对改良比浊法测定水中硫酸根方法进行了改进。检测限为０．１６ｍｇ／Ｌ，对地面水，地下水，降水和废水的测定，相对标准差小于１．２％，加标回收率在９５．９％－１０３．８％之间。     

STREAM CHEMISTRY IN THE SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE: FEASIBILITY OF A REGIONAL SYNOPTIC SAMPLING APPROACH1

ABSTRACT: A pilot study, which was conducted in the Southern Blue Ridge geographical province of the Southeastern U.S., demonstrated the feasibility of a probability-based regional synoptic design for the National Stream Survey, which is a project aimed at estimating the number and percentage of streams in various regions of the U.S. that are acidic or at risk from acid deposition. Estimated population distributions for key chemical variables were not appreciably affected by week-to-week variability in stream chemistry during the spring index period chosen for the study. Differences were observed in estimated acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), nitrate, and pH frequency distributions between spring and summer. Observations made at the downstream node did not represent the chemistry of the entire reach for some variables (ANC and nitrate) as indicated by differences in chemical concentrations between upstream and downstream sampling locations. Coefficients of variation in chemical species were low enough to provide a reasonably stable classification of streams based on ANC. Although median ANC, sulfate, and nitrate concentrations were quite low in the region, the probability of finding streams with ph < 6.3 is less than 1.3 percent at the α= 0.05 confidence level.     

Environmental impact of two successive chemical treatments in a small shallow eutrophied lake: Part II. Case of copper sulfate

The appearance of cyanobacteria ( > 10 colony per ml) was not prevented after alum treatment. In order to prevent cyanobacteria efflorescences in a small shallow polymictic lake (Courtille, France), copper sulfate was applied. Treatment level was 63 microg 1(-1) as Cu2+ from CUSO4, 5 H2O. Cyanobacteria were kept under control during the summer. Microcystis sp. completely disappeared, which allowed swimming in the lake throughout the tourist season. Microcystis only reappeared 2 months after the treatment. Copper content in the water column only returned to its background level 2 months after copper addition. This high residence time of copper in the water might have been caused by complexation and adsorption of copper on natural organic matter, whose level was high in the ecosystem studied. A mechanism of transfer of 'truly' dissolved copper towards particulate copper has been underlined and explains the disappearance of this fraction of copper in the water column.     

新型混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝的研究

以硫酸铝、水玻璃、铝酸钠为主要原料制备的新型混凝剂聚硅硫酸铝，其产品的Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量约８％，盐基度４０％￣６０％，对制备的ＰＡＳＳ溶液经５个月的贮存，其性质稳定，ＰＡＳＳ在去浊试验中，无论常温和低温均低优于硫酸铝。对三种工业废水进行混凝处理，取得令人满意的ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率。     

柴油车氧化催化剂在抑制硫酸盐颗粒物形成方面的研究进展

柴油车氧化催化剂能够有效减少柴油车尾气中颗粒物的排放量 ,但是催化剂对尾气中SO2 的氧化会导致硫酸盐形成和释放 ,使总颗粒物的去除效果下降 ,因此 ,控制催化剂上硫酸盐颗粒物的形成相当关键。本文从选择活性组分、助剂、载体涂层及相应的制备工艺方面总结评述了近年来有关抑制硫酸盐颗粒物形成新采用的主要催化剂技术。     

EDTA滴定法测定硫酸盐的检出限确定

在美国环保总署方法检出限程序的基础上，设计了一个能考虑样品空白和总硬度的可变性对样品测量值贡献的方法检出限程序，并按照此程序对EDTA滴定法测定硫酸盐的检出限进行了确定。对确定结果进行了信噪比和加标回收率检查，证明确定结果能客观地反映实验室对该方法的测试能力。