Effect of supplemented soybean (Glycine max L) diet and extracts on aluminum sulfate-induced genotoxicity

Aim of this study is to evaluate the protective role of Glycine max L. (soybean) against aluminum sulfate-induced genotoxicity. A diet containing 30% soybean and extracts obtained with various organic solvents were administered orally to male white Swiss mice prior to intraperitoneal injection of Al₂(SO₄)₃. Light microscopy was used for the examination of genotoxicity involving somatic cells, germ cells, and sperms. The main secondary metabolites contained in each extract were isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectral analyses. Administration of soy diet and extracts to the examined mice induced significant anti-mutagenic activity against bone marrow aberrations and spermatocyte and sperm abnormalities. At the end of this study, maximum protection was achieved using the methanolic extract (83% and 79%) followed by those obtained with chloroform (71% and 49%) and n-hexane (51% and 39%) for bone marrow aberrations and spermatocyte abnormalities, respectively. The observed activity of soybean extracts might be related to the main constituents isolated and identified. These main constituents were the isoflavone glycosides genistin and daidzin in addition to saponins (methanol extract), lignan matairesinol (chloroform extract), and β-sitosterol, unsaturated fatty acids as well as phospholipids (n-hexane extract). The results illustrated that soy extracts can be considered as alternative anti-mutagenic nutraceuticals and promising source for developing anti-mutagenic drugs.     

Validation of polymer-based nano-iron oxide in further phosphorus removal from bioeffluent: laboratory and scaledup study

The efficient removal of phosphorous from water is an important but challenging task. In this study, we validated the applicability of a new commercially available nanocomposite adsorbent, i.e., a polymer-based hydrated ferric oxide nanocomposite (HFO-201), for the further removal of phosphorous from the bioeffluent discharged from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the operating parameters such as the flow rate, temperature and composition of the regenerants were optimized. Laboratory-scale results indicate that phosphorous in real bioeffluent can be effectively removed from 0.92 mg·L^-1 to<0.5 mg·L^-1 (or even<0.1 mg·L^-1 as desired) by the new adsorbent at a flow rate of 50 bed volume (BV) per hour and treatable volume of 3500–4000 BV per run. Phosphorous removal is independent of the ambient temperature in the range of 15°C–40°C. Moreover, the exhausted HFO-201 can be regenerated by a 2% NaOH+ 5% NaCl binary solution for repeated use without significant capacity loss. A scaled-up study further indicated that even though the initial total phosphorus (TP) was as high as 2 mg·L^-1, it could be reduced to<0.5 mg·L^-1, with a working capacity of 4.4–4.8 g·L^-1 HFO-201. In general, HFO-201 adsorption is a choice method for the efficient removal of phosphate from biotreated waste effluent.     

PAFC-PDM复合混凝剂强化混凝去除水库源水中的藻类

将聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)与聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)复合制备了新型复合混凝剂PAFC–PDMDAAC (PAFC-PDM),对含藻的水库原水进行强化混凝处理研究.研究对比了PAFC-PDM,PAFC与预氯化工艺的除藻效果,并对其混凝除藻机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明,对于藻细胞数为7.98×106~1.17×107cells/L和浊度为2.56~3.59NTU的水库原水,当PAFC-PDM投加量为1.0mg/L时(以Al2O3计),藻类和浊度的去除率分别达到93.5%和81.7%,显著优于PAFC的混凝处理效果;对藻细胞进行扫描电镜和预氯化副产物分析表明,预氯化杀藻除藻方法,不仅破坏了藻细胞结构,而且产生了三卤甲烷类氯化消毒副产物,影响饮水水质;采用PAFC-PDM强化混凝工艺除藻,不破坏藻细胞,无消毒副产物.     

氢基质生物膜反应器去除水中硒酸盐研究

利用连续搅拌氢基质生物膜反应器研究氢气(H2)分压,NO3--N,SO42-,SeO42-进水浓度对水中硒酸盐去除效果的影响.结果表明,H2分压是水中氧化态污染物NO3-,SO42-,SeO42-去除效果的重要影响因素,随着H2分压从0.02MPa上升到0.08MPa,SO42-的去除率从3.5%上升到46.3%,总Se的去除率从60.7%上升到82.1%,NO3-全过程都完全被还原为N2;随着NO3--N进水浓度从5mg/L增加到50mg/L,SO42-,SeO42-的去除率逐渐下降至0,并出现NO2-的积累;SO42-进水浓度的增加对NO3-,SeO42-去除效果影响不大,去除率分别保持在99.5%和65%以上,三种氧化态污染物得电子的优先级为NO3->SeO42->SO42-.在NO3--N浓度为10mg/L,SO42-浓度为25mg/L的水质条件下,反应器设置H2分压为0.04MPa,进水Se(VI)浓度在0.25~2mg/L的范围内总Se可以取得80%以上的去除效果.     

硫酸盐还原菌和酸性矿山废水的生物处理

本文论述了硫酸盐还原菌的代谢和所需要的碳源以及硫酸盐还原的影响因素和生物处理酸性矿山废水的研究进展.     

用聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂处理炼油厂废水

研究了以煤矸石和硫酸烧来主要原料研制的聚硅酸铁铝（ＰＳＦＡ）混凝剂对炼油厂废水的絮凝作用及混凝剂种类、用量和体系ＰＨ对混凝效果的影响,试验结果表明,在工ＰＨ范围内,ＰＳＦＡ对炼油废水具有良好的混凝处理效果。与传统混产剂相比,它具有破乳性能好、投量少、滤饼含水率低、上清液透光性好的特点。     

硫铁矿烧渣制备无机复合混凝剂聚合铁盐

对用硫铁矿烧渣制备无机复合混凝剂聚合铁盐进行了试验研究,考察了影响烧渣酸溶和铁聚合的因素。结果表明,硫酸浓度、反应时间和体系温度等是影响硫铁矿烧渣中铁溶出率的主要因素,在烧渣液溶过程中添加适当的助溶剂,不仅能够加快酸浸速度,而且还可以提高产品的混凝性能。     

FeSO4水溶液吸收脱硫及其影响因素的研究

介绍一种以ＦｅＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ作吸收剂,烟气中ＳＯ２为原料合成污水处理药剂－聚俣硫酸铁的新脱硫工艺,克服石灰法脱硫效率低,副产品无市场等缺点,研究了温度,吸收液的回流比,Ｆｅ离子浓度,ＰＨ对脱硫效率影响。实验表明,较高的温度和较高的ｐＨ值有利于提高脱硫效率,铁离子对ＳＯ２有催化作用,回流比应控制在适当的范围之内。     

新型复合聚铁硅絮凝剂处理生活污水的研究

采用新型的复合聚铁硅絮凝剂处理生活污水 ,通过混凝实验探讨了复合聚合硫酸铁硅PFSS、聚硅酸铁PSFS的脱色除浊、COD去除及氮、磷去除效果 ,并与常用的聚合硫酸铁PFS进行絮凝效果及经济成本的对比分析。结果表明 ,用复合型聚铁硅絮凝剂处理生活污水絮凝效果好 ,除浊率达 99%以上 ,脱色率 6 5 %～ 70 % ,COD去除率 70 % ,而且氮、磷去除效果好 ,成本低廉 ,具有较好的推广应用前景     

新型高效絮凝剂生物聚合硫酸铁的制备及性能研究

利用恒化器原理和SBR技术 ,以FeSO4为原料 ,用经过驯化培养的微生物为催化剂 ,在常温常压下用空气氧化 ,连续生产或序批式生产生物聚合铁 ,产品性能稳定 ,投资少 ,设备简单 ,操作方便 ,无污染 ,可实现清洁生产 ,生产成本极低。试验证明 :生物聚合铁性能优良 ,除浊、除有机物性能好 ,对pH适应范围宽 ,对水温不敏感 ,对低温、低浊水有很好的处理效果 ,凝聚作用显著 ,处理效果明显优于普通聚合铁 ,是一种新型高效絮凝剂。