丁烷与空气混合物的爆炸性能测定

在不同条件下,对丁烷与空气混合物进行爆炸实验,由微机数采测试系统测定其爆炸参数（爆轰波压力、爆轰波传播速度等）、爆轰极限以及当其形成爆轰时所需的临界起爆能。通过实验测定,为评价丁烷与空气混合物的安全性能提供重要依据     

Dialdehyde starch and zein plastic: Mechanical properties and biodegradability

Dialdehyde starch (DAS) and zein, a hydrophobic corn protein, were investigated to produce biodegradable plastics with improved water resistance and mechanical properties. In the study, dialdehyde starch and zein ratio, plasticizers, and degree of starch oxidation were examined. Increased molding temperature and level of starch oxidation decreased water absorption of the plastic. Tensile strength and Young's modulus increased with starch oxidation. The biodegradation of starting materials and ground plastic specimens was studied in aerobic soil reactors maintained at 25°C for 180 days. Biodegradation of corn starch, zein, and dialdehyde starch for 180 days produced CO₂ equivalent to 64, 63, and 10% of theoretical carbon, respectively. Specimens of molded DAS and zein (3 : 1) plastic showed accelerated CO₂ evolution compared to DAS and other raw materials alone. By 180 days, specimens made with starch of low oxidation (1 and 5% oxidized) demonstrated a 60% biodegradation, and specimens with highly oxidized starch (90% oxidized) achieved 37% biodegradation.Paper presented at the Bio/Environmentally Degradable Polymer Society—Third National Meeting, June 6–8, 1994, Boston, Massachusetts.Journal Paper J-15927 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Project No. 3258.     

白色污染的危害与防治

本文论述了塑料包装引起的白色污染及其危害的严重性,同时提出了防治和最终消除白色污染的具体措施。     

塑料电除雾器的特性与安全运行对策

介绍了塑料电除雾器性能与构造特点 ,分析了硫酸雾的成因及规律 ,针对塑料电除雾器运行中可能出现的故障提出了保证其高效运行的措施     

聚酯(PET)废塑料分离回收方法研究

日常用的饮料瓶是聚酯和高密度聚乙烯为原是制成的,因而聚酯废塑料瓶是数量较多和回收价值高的一种塑料,本研究首先对聚酯废料瓶进行破碎,然后采用气流分选,清洗净化和水浮选组合工艺进行ＰＥＴ和ＨＤＰＥ及塑纸的分离回收。ＰＥＴ和ＨＤＰＥ的回收率分别为９７％和９５％,同时通过清洗净化可使回收的ＰＥＴ纯度达９６％以上,该ＰＥＴ是一种用途广的优良塑料原料。     

Establishment the relationship between water quality parameter and micro plastic concentration for Adyar and Cooum estuary

Increasing micro plastic concentration in the marine environment is a severe threat to the marine ecosystem and indirectly to human society depending on the marine environment. Also, the surface and subsurface water quality parameters are the indicators of the usability of the water sources for human activities. The primary source of micro plastic is the water river systems from land to sea. This study establishes a correlation between water quality parameters and micro plastic concentration to find the most suitable quality parameter for finding the micro plastic concentration in urban coastal estuaries of Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. Twenty samples from Adyar and Cooum estuaries were collected, with ten each on August 2019 and August 2020. They are tested for temperature pH, EC, Turbidity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, Salinity and micro plastic concentrations. Correlation tests such as Pearson's and Spearman's are performed based on the initial Normality and Homogeneity test. The results show that all the parameters are significantly not correlated with the Micro plastic Concentration, and Micro plastic Concentration is considered an independent factor.     

基于ABAQUS的强度折减有限元法边坡稳定性分析

将强度折减有限元法与ABAQU S软件相结合,充分利用ABAQU S软件强大的后处理功能,动态显示广义塑性应变和塑性区的开展情况,以此对边坡稳定性进行判定。在ABAQU S软件的模拟计算中,通过不断调整强度折减系数F的大小,改变土体的强度指标c、值,得到不同折减系数下边坡中广义塑性应变的发展情况;当塑性区趋于贯通,且广义塑性应变和位移发生突变时,则边坡处于破坏的临界状态,此时的折减系数就定义为边坡的最小稳定安全系数。通过天然直立边坡及开挖边坡的实例分析,表明该法可以较准确形象地预测边坡潜在滑裂面的位置及评价边坡的稳定性,在复杂条件下的基坑边坡稳定性分析中是简便实用的。     

Standardizing the Methodology of Sperm Cell Test with Paracentrotus Lividus

The sperm cell toxicity test with Paracentrotus lividus is widely used in Italy to assess the quality of complex aqueous matrices, but at present there is a shortage of standardized methodologies for the bioassay performance. In this work several critical points were considered, in order to verify the reliability of this bioassay and to improve its standardization.In particular, we have studied the differences in EC50 values at different sperm: egg ratios and with different quantities of gametes; the influence of sperm and eggs on fertilization rate and the influence of different recipients materials (plastic or glass). At the same time, it was evaluated if the obtained EC50 values were in accordance with those reported in literature.Experiments performed yielded EC50 values for copper ranging from 16.54 μ g/l to 69.59 μ g/l, with a total mean value ± SD of 39.79 μ g/l ± 11.17. These data fit with those found in literature for other echinoid species. According to the same authors, poor fertilization was probably due to the effects on sperm and not on eggs, and moreover the linear regression analysis performed on each experiment suggested that the best amount of eggs to use in the test was 1000.Results from the comparison between the performance of the test in plastic or glass tubes showed an higher success in fertilization rate using borosilicate glass tubes.     

Improved method for the formation of recycled resins from depolymerized products of waste fiber-reinforced plastics: simple and effective purification of recovered monomers by washing with water

The synthesis of recycled plastics from recovered monomeric materials obtained from the depolymerization reaction of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) was examined. The depolymerization reaction of FRP in the presence of N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) smoothly yielded the corresponding monomers, which mainly consisted of dimethyl phthalates. The polymerization reaction with this monomer failed to form the corresponding unsaturated polyesters due to contamination by N-methyl-4-pyridone, a decomposition product of DMAP. An efficient purification of the recovered monomer was achieved by washing with water, and the purified monomer successfully yielded the corresponding polymers. A hardness test revealed that the polymers were as hard as the polyester made from virgin materials. The present modification provides a practical method for the preparation of recycled plastics from depolymerized plastics.     

Combustion performance and emission characteristics on HCCI engine of waste plastic pyrolysis oil biodiesel blends with external PFI and vaporiser

ABSTRACT

Analysis of plastic oil obtained from waste plastic through pyrolysis process, as an alternative to biodiesel is presented in this paper. The HCCI engine is considered for experimental validation of combustion performance and emission characteristics. To accumulate pyrolysis oil as fuel, the design modifications were made in external mixture formation on the existing computerised 4-stroke, single cylinder, water cooled, direct injection kirloskar diesel engine connected with eddy current dynamometer to satisfy HCCI conditions. HCCI engine can be worked on wide assortment of fuels beginning from diesel to different blends (WPPO 5%,10%,15% and 20% by volume) of biodiesel .The designed additional device connected to the engine is utilised for fuel vaporisation and mixture arrangement. In the experimental study, the combustion results were initiate to be of 39.69 % higher Rate of Heat Release (RoHR) for biodiesel HCCI as compared with diesel HCCI. Higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was found 37 % without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) at WPPO 20 % biodiesel blend. And also found 50 % and 65 % reduction in NOx emission and 18 % and 28 % reduction in smoke opacity are obtained for biodiesel vapour induction without EGR and biodiesel vapour induction with 15 % EGR as compared with diesel fuel. The CO (0.34 %), and UHC (2.15 %) emissions are increases with 15 % EGR, but the emissions are within the standard limits specified by the emissions standards.