连续油管疲劳损伤的磁记忆检测试验研究

连续油管工作在大位移塑性变形条件下,受力复杂,工况恶劣。其破坏形式多种多样,尤以疲劳居多。根据连续油管的工作原理,利用磁记忆检测方法,进行连续油管全尺寸疲劳试验,研究连续油管在内压、轴向拉伸及弯曲等交变载荷作用下,疲劳破坏过程的磁记忆特征信号变化规律,采用区域积分面积-寿命关系曲线,分析大位移塑性变形下的连续油管疲劳损伤过程的磁记忆信号特征值的规律。试验表明:磁记忆特征值可以很好的描述连续油管疲劳损伤程度,为现场连续油管服役过程工作寿命及损伤程度的判定提供依据。     

紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的应用

概述了紫外光固化涂料在汽车塑料部件、修补漆、面漆上的应用,并展望了紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的发展趋势.     

Mechanical Performance and Design Criteria of Biodegradable Low-tunnel Films

The overall mechanical behaviour of a series of experimental Mater-Bi made thin low-tunnel films is analysed with respect to the effect of two major factors: the film processing optimisation during manufacturing and the design of the low-tunnels structural system. The analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the biodegradable low-tunnel films, based on the results of extensive full-scale and small-scale experiments, combined with laboratory testing of the mechanical properties of the film, proves that a rather good mechanical behaviour is possible for these films, comparable to the behaviour of conventional agricultural films in terms of strength, provided that two criteria are met: (a) the low tunnel structural design is based on the initial stress at yield value of the film, which represents the asymptotic value of the tensile strength of the film, following its evolution with the time of exposure to real field conditions; (b) the processing of the film is optimised for the particular biodegradable material and film thickness under consideration. It is also confirmed that the stabilisation schemes used with conventional polyethylene films are not suitable for the biodegradable films.

聚烯烃类农膜及酞酸酯类(PAEs)在环境中的残留及生物降解前景

回顾并综述了聚烯烃类塑料农膜和酞酸酯类（主要用作增塑剂）在环境中的残留和危害,以及近半个世纪以来中外学者对该两类有机物生物降解性能的研究进展。评价迄今为减轻农田塑膜残留负荷已取得的科技成果和措施,展望彻底消除农田“白色污染”的可能前景。     

废旧聚乙烯复合材料的制备与性能研究

介绍了废旧聚乙烯复合材料的制备与性能。以废旧聚乙烯为原材料,通过与超细白炭黑进行纳米复合,制备高性能纳米复合材料;利用木粉、竹粉、稻糠等植物纤维与其进行木塑复合,制备环保型木塑复合材料;重点研究了多单体接枝共聚物在复合材料中的界面改性作用。     

基于环境试验方法的环境应力对塑料产品质量的影响研究

本文介绍了环境试验方法、内容和应用范围,详细阐述了环境试验中环境应力引起的失效模式及其对塑料产品质量的影响。     

Preliminary indications from atomic force microscopy of the presence of rapidly-formed nanoscale films on aquifer material surfaces

The objective of this study was to determine if there is a nanoscale surface film on aquifer-like materials exposed to deep groundwaters, as has previously been found on surfaces exposed to surface and soil waters. Such surface films will modify surface properties that are so important in determining the mobility of many groundwater pollutants. Muscovite mica was used because a) it is a good analogue for the main sorbing phases of many clastic aquifers and b) its cleavage planes are atomically flat allowing high resolution imaging. Freshly-cleaved muscovite plates were exposed to groundwater from a sandstone aquifer for 30 min, and surface properties (morphology, coverage, roughness and tip–substrate force interactions) were measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A patchy surface film of several nanometres in depth, incorporating larger separate particles, was found on the mica surface. This film was associated with significantly increased roughness values and AFM probe–sample interaction forces compared with pure water and inorganic (synthetic groundwater) solution controls. Although the results reported are preliminary in nature, if confirmed, such films are likely to affect sorption reactions, surface-facilitated redox interactions, non-aqueous phase liquid wetting angles, and colloid–pathogen–rock attachment, and will thus be of importance in understanding natural attenuation and migration of dissolved, non-aqueous and particulate phases in groundwaters.     

“限塑令”对塑料袋回收利用影响的分析

针对我国塑料袋回收利用的现状及案例调研显示,“限塑令”对塑料袋的回收利用具有促进作用;但“限塑令”实施的预期效果目前尚不明显。“限塑令”有待进一步推广,相应的回收利用体系也亟待建设与健全。     

轨道交通荷载下路基土的动力学行为研究进展

随着高速铁路、城际列车、地铁和轻轨等快速轨道交通的迅速发展,以及既有铁路列车提速,列车高速运行引起的地基振动、永久变形以及一系列相关的土动力学和岩土工程问题已经成为亟待解决的关键问题。通过对国内外关于轨道交通荷载作用下地基土的动力响应的理论研究、现场测试、土的动力特性以及地基土的永久变形研究进行评述,分析和总结了目前轨道交通荷载作用下路基土研究中存在的问题,并提出了尚需进一步研究的建议。     

焦煤、塑料和粉尘共热解失重分析

在以N₂载气,其流量为30mL/min、升温速率为5℃/min、热解终温为1000℃的条件下,运用Setaram Lab-sysYM热重分析仪系统分析了塑料、冶金粉尘和焦煤的热解过程以及它们之间的相互影响.不同配比的塑料、冶金粉尘和焦煤混合热解过程分析表明:在低温段,煤和塑料热解产生大量活泼自由基,然后通过自由基内部重排或自由基间相互结合的方式稳定化,其中的硫元素主要形成气态硫化物(如H₂S、COS等),并与粉尘中的金属氧化物作用生成固态金属硫化物而固硫;高温段产生的H₂、CO及粉尘中所含有的C等增强了反应体系的还原性,加剧了粉尘中金属氧化物的还原气化,从而更有利于实现焦炭的有效脱硫可见,运用添加塑料、冶金粉尘到焦煤中的方法可以实现炼焦过程中的焦炭和煤气同时脱硫的双重效果.