土壤有机质测定方法的进展

对土壤有机质测定的3种主要方法及特点和应用范围进行了论述和评价。认为上壤有机质测定方法改进的目标不仅仅是简便、快速、廉价,还应包括无污染。     

农药污染对土壤动物群落影响的实验研究

通过敌敌畏农药污染的模拟实验,研究了农药污染对土壤动物的影响。结果表明:随着敌敌畏农药处理浓度的提高,土壤动物种类数从低浓度(0.04mL/L)的53属(科)减少至高浓度(10mL/L)的26属(科);个体数则从低浓度占全捕量的14.1%减少到高浓度仅占全捕量的2%;而随处理时间的延长,对土壤动物的影响不太明显;大型土壤动物蚯蚓的染毒实验表明:蚯蚓可作为农药污染的重要指示动物。      

Phosphorus accumulation by bacteria isolated from a ontinuous-flow two-sludge system

In this article, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） from a lab-scale continuous-flow two-sludge system was isolated and identified, the different phosphorus accumulation characteristics of the isolates under anoxic and aerobic conditions were investigated. Two kinds of PAOs were both found in the anoxic zones of the two-sludge system, one of them utilized only oxygen as electron aeceptor, and the other one utilized either nitrate or oxygen as electron aeceptor. Of the total eight isolates, five isolates were capable of utilizing both nitrate and oxygen as electron acceptors to uptake phosphorus to some extent. And three of the five isolates showed good phosphorus accumulative capacities both under anoxic or aerobic conditions, two identified as Alcaligenes and one identified as Pseudomonas. Streptococcus was observed weak anoxic phosphorus accumulation because of its weak denitrification capacity, but it showed good phosphorus accumulation capacity under aerobic conditions. One isolates identified as Enterobacteriaceae was proved to be a special species of PAOs, which could only uptake small amounts of phosphorus under anoxic conditions, although its denitrification capacity and aerobic phosphorus accumulation capacity were excellent.     

三峡库区重庆段浮游藻类调查及水质评价

对三峡库区重庆段的浮游藻类的种类、种群密度和生物量进行了调查和分析,采用指示生物法和生物多样性指数法对三峡库区重庆段水体水质进行了评价。评价结果表明,三峡库区重庆段水体水质总体属轻度污染,并根据当地情况提出了保护水质的建议。