Wash water in waterworks: contaminants and process options for reclamation

Reclamation of clean water from filter backwash water was studied through pilot-scale experiments.The pilot plant consisted of clarification,sand-filtration,and ultrafiltration modules in sequence,with a provision to bypass the sand filter.Clean water that conformed to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on Potable Quality was reclaimed.Turbidity,aluminum and iron were found to be critical contaminants in process selection and design.Clarification,followed by sand filtration,was found to be the minim...     

薄液膜下铝合金与不锈钢电偶腐蚀研究

目的研究与不锈钢偶接时铝合金的腐蚀行为与机理。方法依据ASTM G149标准制备电偶试样,在循环盐雾箱中模拟薄液膜下2024铝合金与316L不锈钢之间的电偶腐蚀过程,分别在腐蚀6,12,18,24,30 d后取出试样,进行质量损失分析、截面与点蚀坑形貌分析、以及电化学阻抗谱测试。结果偶接之后2024铝合金的质量损失量是非偶接条件下的将近10倍。偶接后2024铝合金在腐蚀6 d后就形成了约20μm厚的腐蚀产物层,且随着腐蚀时间的增加,腐蚀产物层越来越致密,越来越厚。偶接后点蚀坑则主要在横向扩展,在纵深方向扩展较小。结论电偶作用不仅加速了铝合金的腐蚀,还改变了其腐蚀过程,而且这种作用在腐蚀的初期不明显,在腐蚀后期较为显著。     

模拟酸雨对山东主要土壤类型理化性质的影响

以ｐＨ２、３、４、５的模拟酸雨,对山东省棕壤,褐土,潮土,砂姜黑土,盐渍土等５种土壤进行了１－１０ａ室内淋洗土柱试验,结果表明,除棕壤在ｐＨ２的模拟酸雨淋洗第４ａ开始酸化以外,其余４种土壤１０ａ淋滤波ｐＨ值均大于７;模拟酸雨淋洗土壤１０ａ,土壤淋失盐基总量是褐土〉砂姜黑〉盐渍土〉潮土〉棕壤,盐基离子对酸雨的敏感性为Ｃａ＾２＋〉Ｍｇ＾２＋〉Ｋ＾＋,Ｎａ＾＋模拟酸雨对土壤中活化作用是除棕壤ｐＨ２出现活     

电絮凝法去除饮用水中氟的研究

采用双铝电絮凝法去除饮用水中的氟.研究了电极间距、原水pH值、原水氟浓度、电流密度对除氟的影响.结果表明,电絮凝法去除地下水中的氟不需添加可溶性盐和改变pH值,在选定的实验条件下,阳极面积与反应器容积比为52.5 m2/m3,电极间距1.0 cm,电流密度30 A/m2,反应10 min后,出水中F-浓度符合国家饮用水卫生标准.