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Susana García-Alonso Rosa María Pérez-Pastor María Luisa Sevillano-Castaño 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1999,6(3):147-150
The focus of this study was to characterize the concentration levels of selected PCBs and compare them to compiled data in
order to contribute to the international database. The sampling site is located in the outskirts of Madrid and can be considered
an open urban area. 32 samples of air were taken from February 1998 to June 1998 by using a high volume air sampler. Glass
fiber filters and polyurethane foam (PUF) were used to collect the paniculate and gas phase material, respectively.
PUF plugs were Soxhlet extracted and filters were ultrasonically extracted by using pesticide-grade hexane and dichloromethane,
respectively. The cleanup procedure was carried out on a florisil column with hexane and hexane/dichloromethane as elution
solvents.
GC/MS in a selected ion monitoring mode was used for quantification and 29 selected PCBs congeners were analyzed. 相似文献
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Succession of aquatic microbial communities as a result of the water quality variations in continuous water 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The changes of structural and functional parameters of aquatic microbial communities in continuous water on campus of Tsinghua University, China are investigated by polyurethane foam unit(PFU) method. The measured compositions of the communities include alga, protozoa, and some metazoa (such as rotifers). The measured indicators of water quality include water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), potassium permanganate index(CODMn), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP) and chlorophyll- a(Chla). The trophic level, expressed by the trophic level indices(TL/c), is assessed with analytic hierarchy process and principal component analysis (AHP-PCA) method. The changing trends of the structural and functional parameters of aquatic microbial communities, such as Margalef index of diversity(D), Shannon-weaver index of diversity (H), Heterotropy index (HI), number of species when the colonization gets equilibrium(Seq), colonizing speed constant(G) and time spent when 90 percent of Seq colonized in PFU ( T90% ), are also analyzed. The experimental results showed the succession of aquatic microbial communities along the water flow is consistent with the water quality changes, so the parameters of microbial community can reflect the changes of water quality from the ecological view. 相似文献
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随着科技进步和电冰箱产品更新换代速度的加快,报废弃电冰箱数量不断增大.冰箱拆解处理产生的大量聚氨酯泡沫塑料,由于其中含有CFCs类发泡剂且其难以降解等,增加了处理难度,如何对其进行有效处理处置成为国内外广泛关注的焦点.目前我国废弃电冰箱聚氨酯泡沫塑料一般送至生活垃圾处理厂进行焚烧或填埋处置,而未进行资源化利用.在调研电冰箱聚氨酯泡沫塑料国内外现有处理处置技术基础上,比较了热能回收法、物理法、化学法、生物法和热解法等处理技术的优缺点,并对其经济性和实用性进行分析.同时分析了我国废电冰箱聚氨酯泡沫塑料环境管理面临的主要问题,结合国家相关管理政策需求,提出了针对性建议. 相似文献
35.
Optimization of the recovery of plastics for recycling by density media separation cyclones 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gent Malcolm Richard Menendez MarioToraño Javier Torno Susana 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(4):472-482
Material recovery processes are presented as the optimum option for recycling plastic wastes as a means of recovering hydrocarbon resources. There exist a large variety of automated material recovery processes for recycling of such wastes but each with significant limitations. Of these, the separation based on differences in densities is advocated as the optimum process either for producing recycled products or preparing wastes for subsequent recovery processing.Density separation processes based on cyclone type density media separation (DMS) is presented as an important, potential method for increasing plastics recycling process capacities. It is demonstrated to have the capacity to separate a significantly larger range of particle sizes than those presently processed industrially. The mathematical relationship for the prediction of quality of typical LARCODEMS type density media separations by particle size and density as expressed by the Ecart Probable is presented.A proposed device configuration is presented for density media separation to optimize the recovery and purity of both density fractions produced. It is also suggested that to be economically viable, a large scale of operation is required for industrial plastics recycling operations recovering and producing a number of different plastics with a purity to be used as a substitute for virgin material. 相似文献
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摩托车后轮毂压铸模具精度要求高 ,且结构复杂。为满足铸件的技术要求 ,要合理选用压铸设备 ,合理地设计模具结构。分析了摩托车后轮毂的结构特点 ,介绍了摩托车后轮毂压铸模的结构 ,并详细说明了模具浇注系统、溢流系统、冷却系统、推出机构的设计。 相似文献
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研究了聚氨酯硬泡在不同温度加热过程中的质量损失、生成的气体成分及硬泡结构变化,并对加热聚氨酯硬泡时所释放的发泡剂CFC-11(CCl3F)进行了测定.结果表明,在80~160℃加热聚氨酯硬泡时,CFC-11的释放速率随温度的增加而增加.将破碎后的硬泡颗粒在160℃下加热,既保证硬泡颗粒不发生热解反应,又使包裹和吸附于硬泡中的CFC-11移除速率最快.在160℃下加热过4mm筛硬泡颗粒1,2,4h后,可分别移除的CFC-11占硬泡颗粒中总量的84.5%、95.5%和96.6%,残余CFC-11则需足够长时间才可移除,而加热释放气体中CFC-11占82%~85%. 相似文献
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