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151.
In this work, the waste biomass lotus leaf was converted into N-doped porous carbonaceous CO2 adsorbents. The synthesis process includes carbonization of lotus leaf, melamine post-treatment and KOH activation. For the resultant sorbents, high nitrogen content can be contained due to the melamine modification and advanced porous structure were formed by KOH etching. These samples were carefully characterized by different techniques and their CO2 adsorption properties were investigated in detail. These sorbents hold good CO2 adsorption abilities, up to 3.87 and 5.89 mmol/g at 25 and 0°C under 1 bar, respectively. By thorough investigation, the combined interplay of N content and narrow microporous volume was found to be responsible for the CO2 uptake for this series of sorbents. Together with the high CO2 adsorption abilities, these carbons also display excellent reversibility, high CO2/N2 selectivity, applicable heat of adsorption, fast CO2 adsorption kinetics and good dynamic CO2 adsorption capacity. This study reveals a universal method of obtaining N-doped porous carbonaceous sorbents from leaves. The low cost of raw materials accompanied by easy synthesis procedure disclose the enormous potential of leaves-based carbons in CO2 capture as well as many other applications. 相似文献
152.
为获得多孔纳米CeO2(氧化铈),以淀粉为生物模板,以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为铈源,在温和条件下制备出海绵状的多孔纳米CeO2,同时考察了焙烧温度、碱液、铈源投加量对样品形貌的影响.利用XRD(X射线衍射光谱)、SEM(扫描电镜)、N2吸附-脱附等表征手段对合成的多孔纳米CeO2进行物相组成、微观形貌及孔径大小分布的分析.通过湿式催化过氧化试验,探究其对腈纶废水中有机物CODCr的催化降解性能.结果表明:①所制备的多孔纳米CeO2具有多孔结构,孔径分布范围为2~4 nm,孔容为0.225 cm3/g,BET比表面积为256.426 m2/g;②多孔纳米CeO2的最佳制备条件为1 g淀粉溶解于20 mL水中,加入0.02 mol Ce(NO3)3·6H2O,以5%的氨水调节前驱体混合液pH,以1℃/min升至400℃,焙烧4 h,得到海绵状的多孔纳米CeO2.③以不同形貌的CeO2作为湿式催化反应中的催化剂,催化降解腈纶废水中有机物,其中以制备的多孔纳米CeO2催化性能最佳,CODCr去除率可达82.5%.研究显示,焙烧温度、碱液、铈源投加量均可影响样品的形貌,在湿式催化过氧化处理腈纶废水试验中,多孔纳米CeO2能显著提高废水CODCr的去除率. 相似文献
153.
2株石油降解菌生长和降解石油条件的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对2株石油降解菌DH-5和DH-9生长的最适培养基成分以及降解石油的最佳环境条件进行了筛选。结果表明,DH-5的最佳培养基成分为ρ(原油)1 g.L-1、ρ(氮源)400 mg.L-1、ρ(磷源)200 mg.L-1、ρ(酵母浸出液)20 mg.L-1,最有效利用的氨基酸为精氨酸,最适环境条件为pH 7.0、盐度20、温度15~30℃;DH-9的最佳培养基成分为ρ(原油)1 g.L-1、ρ(氮源)400 mg.L-1、ρ(磷源)100 mg.L-1、ρ(酵母浸出液)20 mg.L-1,最有效利用的氨基酸为天冬氨酸,最适环境条件为pH 7.5、盐度20、温度30℃。当ρ(原油)为20 g.L-1时,DH-9的生物量和原油降解率分别是DH-5的2.58倍和2.29倍。研究表明,DH-9对高浓度原油的耐受性明显强于DH-5,而DH-5对低温的适应性优于DH-9,2个菌株对高盐度的适应性均较强。 相似文献
154.
我国经济处于高速增长期,建设日新月异,中小城市的光污染问题日趋明显,防治显得十分重要。文章以中山市城区为例,对道路照明、建筑照明、广告照明、绿化照明,以及玻璃幕墙反射等光污染情况进行了调研和评价。根据中山市城区的光污染情况,从制定和完善光污染防治法规体系、加强规划和宏观管理、提高公众参与力度和监督力度、加大人才培养和政策扶持力度、加大清洁生产推广力度以及实施照明设计单位资质认证等多方面提出了对光污染的防治对策。 相似文献
155.
156.
157.
Analytical solutions of three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media: A library 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hongtao Wang Huayong Wu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(1):112-128
The purpose of this study is to present a library of analytical solutions for the three-dimensional contaminant transport
in uniform flow field in porous media with the first-order decay, linear sorption, and zero-order production. The library
is constructed using Green’s function method (GFM) in combination with available solutions. The library covers a wide range
of solutions for various conditions. The aquifer can be vertically finite, semi-infinitive or infinitive, and laterally semi-infinitive
or infinitive. The geometry of the sources can be of point, line, plane or volumetric body; and the source release can be
continuous, instantaneous, or by following a given function over time. Dimensionless forms of the solutions are also proposed.
A computer code FlowCAS is developed to calculate the solutions. Calculated results demonstrate the correctness of the presented
solutions. The library is widely applicable to solve contaminant transport problems of one- or multiple- dimensions in uniform
flow fields. 相似文献
158.
The effects of exogenous salicylic acid on growth and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes in rice seedlings under lead stress 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Salicylic acid (SA) was an essential component of the plant resistance to pathogens and also plays an important role in mediating plant response to some abiotic stress. The possible effects of SA on the growth and H2O2-metabolizing enzymes in rice seedlings under lead stress were studied. When rice seedlings grown in nutrient solution containing Pb^2+ (0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.25 mmol/L) for 18 d, the plant biomass as well as the chlorophyll content of leaves decreased with increasing Pb concentration. The pre-treatment with SA (treated with 0.1 mmol/L SA for 48 h before Pb stress) partially protected seedlings from Pb toxicity. The chlorophyll contents were significant higher in leaves of Pb-exposed with SA pre-treatment seedlings than in Pb-exposed plants at the same Pb intensity. SA pre-treated alone could significantly increase the length of shoot and root of seedlings but the vigour difference was not marked under long-term exposure to Pb toxicity. SA pre-treated influence the H2O2 level in leaves of seedlings by up-regulating the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), repressing the activity of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) depending on the concentrations of Pb^2+ in the growth medium. The results supported the conclusion that SA played a positive role in rice seedlings against Pb toxicity. 相似文献
159.
160.