高温矿井多孔介质相变蓄热降温研究及设计

为了解决机械通风难以满足高温矿井降温需求的问题,提出由石蜡和膨胀石墨构成多孔介质相变蓄热模块来达到巷道降温效果的方法,基于Fluent模拟软件,对通风和相变蓄热联合降温多条件下巷道温度场进行数值模拟,确定相变蓄热模块的设计参数,最后对掘进巷道热环境进行模拟研究和方案设计。研究结果表明：相比于仅通风降温,联合降温效果明显;采用双侧布置相变模块降温效果明显优于单侧布置工况;随着风速逐渐递增,降温效果下降,且降温幅度减小;模块厚度分别为100,200 mm时降温效果基本一致,厚度300 mm时,巷道温度明显升高。     

BP神经网络和遗传算法在红发夫酵母培养基优化中的应用

运用BP神经网络对红发夫酵母发酵培养基组成进行建模以及预测类胡萝卜素产量,在此基础上采用遗传算法对此模型进行全局寻优.得到红发夫酵母发酵培养基的最佳配比为:蔗糖45.10 g/L,硫酸铵3.00 g/L,硫酸镁0.80 g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.40 g/L,酵母膏3.00 g/L,氯化钙0.50 g/L,类胡萝卜素产量达到8.20 mg/L,干重达到9.47 g/L.采用上述方法优化后的培养基使类胡萝卜素的产量比起始培养基提高了95.90%.     

悬浮滤料在上向流反硝化滤池中试装置中的应用

以聚苯乙烯泡沫滤珠作为上向流反硝化滤池的滤料,在中试装置中考察了此种悬浮滤料的脱氮效果及其过滤功能.试验结果表明:在进水流量为13.5 m3/h的情况下,随着碳氮质量比(碳氮比)的升高,NO3--N去除率逐渐提高,出水COD也逐渐提高,适宜的碳氮比为5,此条件下出水COD小于50 mg/L;水力停留时间(HRT)越长,...     

培养基对菌产微生物絮凝剂的影响研究

研究了培养基成分种类及其用量对菌产微生物絮凝剂的影响。结果表明,较高的C/N比对菌产絮凝剂有利,碳源中的蔗糖是菌株Aeromonassp.N11产絮凝剂的良好碳源,氮源以采用复合氮源为佳。培养基中加入酵母膏有利于絮凝剂的产生。NaCl能够促进所产絮凝剂的絮凝活性,碳源蔗糖和氮源脲对菌产絮凝剂的影响最大。利用正交实验得出产絮凝剂培养基的最佳配比为蔗糖20g/L,酵母膏08g/L,脲05g/L,硫酸胺05g/L,NaCl7g/L。     

Practical safety management for small or medium enterprises

The article is intended for those who are not safety professionals but are responsible for safety management in a small or medium enterprise (SME) of the process industry. It assumes that a SME is loosely coupled and of low complexity and has a small number of major hazards present in it. The article describes Elementary Safety Management (ESM) as a combination of activities that maintain openness to safety impulses with Elementary Risk Control (ERC). ERC uses four milestones and three rules to get to the necessary and sufficient selection of control measures, which will achieve an acceptable level of risk. To make the ESM scheme as simple as possible, the term causal event is used, which is derived from the term causal factor. Practical Safety Management (PrSM) adds to the ESM the knowledge and skills that a person, who is supposed to design and implement a safety management system, needs. The PrSM procedure is developed to identify optimum controls. The procedure recognizes the unavoidable role of commitment to safety, respects the role of hazard identification, and integrates prospective and retrospective analyses and current knowledge of safety management systems. Examples of application of the procedure are given in the article.     

节理充填岩体爆炸应力波传播规律模型试验与应用研究

为研究节理厚度对爆炸应力波传播影响规律,以工程现场揭露的红黏土为充填介质,制作含节理爆破模型,开展不同厚度节理爆破模型试验,并对现场试验爆破参数进行优化。研究结果表明:节理充填介质延长了爆炸应力波传播时间并吸收了部分应力波,应力波衰减速率为2.225~4.188 MPa/mm,滞后时间0.1~0.15 μs/mm;节理对不同方向的应力波吸收程度不同,横向应力的衰减速率大于纵向应力的衰减速率,二者均随节理厚度的增加呈线性衰减。爆破参数优化应控制炮孔至节理面的距离、减小装药量,周边孔宜采用空气间隔分段装药。     

POEMS: A Case Study of an Italian Wine-Producing Firm

Over the last decade, researchers paid much attention to concepts such as Design for Environment, Extended Producer Responsibility, Responsible Chain Management, and Eco-design. Many management tools and standards (such as EMAS, ISO 14001, LCA, EPD, Ecolabel) have been developed to support companies in the evaluation and management of their environmental performance and to pursue continual environmental improvement. The more recent development of the aforesaid fields looks at interorganizational environmental management. Such an approach can complement the more traditional intraorganizational corporate environmental management approaches and tools. A typical example of this new trend is the Product Oriented Environmental Management System (POEMS), which represents the natural evolution of the above-mentioned tools, combining the features of EMS, EPD and Ecolabel. Although the structure of the POEMS is still not standardized, many experimental applications have yet been carried out in Europe. In developing a POEMS, a company needs to determine all of the environmental impacts caused at all life-cycle stages of the product and, ideally, to reduce all of them through a continual commitment. The aim of the present study was to perform a survey of the developed POEMS models and to analyze their peculiarities and drawbacks in the application to Small and Medium Enterprises. A case study regarding an Italian winery company is presented. The study analyzes the structure and the activities of the examined firm, in order to estimate direct and indirect environmental impacts following a life-cycle approach. The chosen functional unit is a 0.75-L bottle of red wine. The article also suggests some solutions to improve the environmental performances of the firm’s products.     

多孔钛板负载Pd阴极电催化加氢还原水中五氯酚

研究了以多孔钛板负载钯作为阴极,通过电催化加氢还原水中五氯酚的脱卤效果和主要影响因素.实验表明,五氯酚电催化加氢的主要产物为苯酚和游离态Cl^-.其中Cl^-生成量可达到理论值,实现完全脱卤,苯酚的转化率达90%以上.随着PCP浓度的降低,电流效率下降,降解单位重量PCP的能耗增加.回路中电流强度对脱卤的电流效率和能耗影响很大,300mA时效果最佳.与电流相比,水溶液中pH和循环流速对脱卤效果的影响有限.结果表明,多孔钛板负载金属钯电催化反应器可有效地对五氯酚加氢脱卤,电流效率高,能耗低,并且操作简单,适用范围广.     

光合细菌培养条件的研究

光合细菌菌种由兰州市啤酒厂活性污泥中选择培养得到,对光合细菌的培养条件进行了研究探讨。结果表明,在人工光源照射下,培养液的pH值7～8时,光合细菌最易于形成优势生长。其最佳接种量为20%～30%。     

奇异变形杆菌TJ-1产絮凝剂的培养基优化研究

从活性污泥中分离出1株新型高效产絮凝剂菌TJ-1,经16S rDNA相似性分析鉴定为奇异变形杆菌(Proteus mirabilis),这是首次发现奇异变形杆菌能产微生物絮凝剂,对其进行了产絮凝剂培养条件优化研究.结果表明,TJ-1菌产絮凝剂的最佳培养基成分为:葡萄糖10g,蛋白胨1g,MgS040.3g,KH2PO42g,K2HP04 5g,去离子水1L,pH=7.0.絮凝实验结果表明,该菌在最佳培养条件下所产絮凝剂对高岭土悬液的絮凝率达到92%.