Influence of the pesticides glyphosate,chlorpyrifos and atrazine on growth parameters of nonochratoxigenic Aspergillus section Nigri strains isolated from agricultural soils

This investigation was undertake to determine the effect of glyphosate, chlorpyrifos and atrazine on the lag phase and growth rate of nonochratoxigenic A. niger aggregate strains growing on soil extract medium at ?0.70, ?2.78 and ?7.06 MPa. Under certain conditions, the glyphosate concentrations used significantly increased micelial growth as compared to control. An increase of about 30% was observed for strain AN 251 using 5 and 20 mg L^?1 of glyphosate at ?2.78 MPa. The strains behaved differently in the presence of the insecticide chlorpyrifos. A significant decrease in growth rate, compared to control, was observed for all strains except AN 251 at ?2.78 MPa with 5 mg L^?1. This strain showed a significant increase in growth rate. With regard to atrazine, significant differences were observed only under some conditions compared to control. An increase in growth rate was observed for strain AN 251 at ?2.78 MPa with 5 and 10 mg L^?1 of atrazine. By comparison, a reduction of 25% in growth rate was observed at ?7.06 MPa and higher atrazine concentrations. This study shows that glyphosate, chlorpyrifos and atrazine affect the growth parameters of nonochratoxigenic A. niger aggregate strains under in vitro conditions.     

曝气器工业化性能测试研究

对7种曝气器产品分别进行了单盘耐用性生产试验、单盘清水充氧性能试验以及对在大生产试验期间的服务面积、供气量、阻力变化、停气后阻力变化、曝气强度等方面进行了测试对比工作。试验表明,中微孔曝气器的各种性能指标明显优于大孔曝气器,可显著提高混合液中氧的吸收率。     

多孔钛板负载Pd-Cu阴极电催化还原饮用水中硝酸盐的研究

研究了以多孔钛板负载钯-铜(4∶1)合金作为阴极,通过电催化还原脱除饮用水中硝酸盐氮的效果和主要影响因素.试验表明,电催化反硝化的主要产物为氮气,钯-铜合金的电催化活性可达到16.69 mg/(g·h)、选择性可达96.9%.在低硝酸盐氮浓度下,电催化反硝化反应符合表观一级反应动力学,高浓度时符合零级反应动力学.当槽压低于1.5V或电流强度小于5mA时,阴极几乎不会发生硝酸盐氮的还原反应;而当槽压大于4.2V时或电流强度大于30mA时,阴极生成氨氮的副反应显著增加.中性条件下电催化反硝化的活性和选择性都能达到较好的效果,酸性条件下反应活性增加但选择性降低.溶液中的传质对反硝化没有显著影响.溶液中存在的其它阴离子对反硝化不利,不同阴离子对反硝化反应的影响次序为ClO₄^-3^--.     

应用多孔陶瓷滤料治理环境污染

综述多孔陶瓷的类型与特性、制备的原料与方法以及表征多孔陶瓷孔特性的参量;研讨多孔陶瓷在环境污染治理中的应用和原理;简介笔者正在研究的轻质多孔陶瓷滤料、表面改性陶瓷滤料。采用多孔改性陶瓷滤料,结合聚结过滤和光催化技术,分别处理油田开采水和有机污染废水,其中的试验结果显示,聚结过滤工艺对油和悬浮物的去除率分别达到了90%和96%以上,出水水质能达到含油废水回注水的国家A1标准。从而拓展了陶瓷滤料的应用领域。     

嘉陵江流域洪水等级的建议划分标准

根据洪水重现期可以将洪水划分为12个等级,也可根据年最大流量距平值将洪水中长期定性预报分成7个等级.探讨了嘉陵江流域的洪水等级和中长期预报定性分级标准,还对嘉陵江流域1981年7月发生的洪水等级进行了分析.     

安徽洪镇2M_1型多硅白云母的发现及其意义

1地质背景及采样安徽洪镇位于大别山一张八岭高压变质带南界约30km，车臣安庆25km，处于扬子板块前陆地带［v图1）。区内由南东往北西分布中无古界董岭群到中下三叠统青龙群，构造线方向呈北东一南西向。董岭群南侧分布有近精山圆形的洪镇混合花岗岩［’：。区内地层普通变质，但董岭群以上层位均保留有原岩部分特征及化石民本文所发现的ZM；型多硅白云母等分别来自变质砂岩（D。、S。，样号l、2），千枚岩（Z，样号4、5），白云母石英片岩（Pt。，样号6、7）以及大理岩（o；，样号3）中。2ZM；型多硅白云母的鉴定样品中多硅白云母通…     

采油废水气浮-生物处理方法研究

针对采油废水外排水质超标现象,胜利油田孤岛采油厂在室内试验和现场小试的基础上,分别采用直接投加菌液方法和生物接触氧化方法对孤岛采油废水进行了现场中试对比研究。试验结果表明:两种方法都能有效地去除了采油废水中的超标污染物,处理后的水质指标全部达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》二类水质标准。相比较生物接触氧化法工序运行稳定,易于实施。     

Effect of complex nitrogen source on the synthesis and accumulation of poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) by recombinantEscherichia coli in flask and fed-batch cultures

When a recombinantEscherichia coli XL1-Blue harboring pSYL105 was cultured in a complex medium, a poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) concentration of 7.16 g/L was obtained in 48 h. However, a PHB concentration of only 0.91 g/L was obtained in 60 h by culturing in a defined medium. Also, fed-batch culture in a defined medium resulted in considerably lower PHB accumulation than in a complex medium. With the aim to produce a high concentration of PHB at a reduced medium cost, we examined 10 complex nitrogen sources for their ability to promote PHB synthesis in a defined medium. Tryptone, casamino acids, and casein hydrolysate promoted PHB synthesis to a higher extent than the others tested. PHB synthesis was also enhanced during fedbatch cultures when a defined medium was supplemented with various complex nitrogen sources. With tryptone supplementation a PHB concentration of 66.7 g/L could be obtained in 44 h. Yeast extract was less effective for promoting PHB synthesis than tryptone. Corn steep liquor, which did not enhance PHB synthesis significantly, could promote PHB synthesis considerably when supplemented together with yeast extract in both flask and fed-batch cultures.     

BACTERIAL LEVELS IN CISTERN WATER SYSTEMS OF NORTHERN KENTUCKY1

ABSTRACT: In rural Northern Kentucky, rainwater is commonly collected from rooftops and stored in cement block cisterns as the sole source of drinking water. Although every cistern system is unique in some aspect of design, use, or maintenance, a bacterial survey of 30 rural Northern Kentucky cistern systems suggests that coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria are common to all types of cistern storage systems. An average of 600 coliforms/ml and 3.6 ± 10⁵ heterotrophic bacteria/ml were detected in water samples from the bottoms of the cistern storage tanks. Bacterial levels in water delivered to household cold tap faucets were similar to the levels found in the storage tanks. When detected, fecal coliforms were recovered throughout the entire system including the household cold tap faucet. Current U.S. regulations for drinking water quality are discussed, with a suggestion that fecal coliform levels may be a more appropriate guideline for interpreting the water quality of individually maintained, nonchlorinated, nonpiped water supplies, such as cistern storage systems.     

DYNAMIC FLUID LOSS DURING VISCOUS FLOW THROUGH A POROUS VERTICAL SLOT1

ABSTRACT. An experimental study of two-dimensional viscous flow through a vertical slot with one highly resistant porous wall was made. The fluid loss area of the porous wall was divided into five sections. The fluid loss rate for the various subareas was measured as a function of the bulk flow rate through the slot and the viscosity of the fluid. Static flow tests through the porous media were also conducted for each fluid viscosity. The results indicate that the experimental data can be correlated in terms of the difference between the static flow rate and the dynamic fluid loss rate as a function of the bulk Reynold's number and the bulk flow rate. Stream function profiles were determined for each experimental run to visualize flow through the length of the slot. An empirical correlation was developed between the superficial entrance width, δ, and the ratio of bulk Reynold's number to the Reynold's number based on flow through the porous wall.