供电企业操作岗位员工安全胜任力模型的构建

为给供电企业的安全管理工作提供胜任力方面的理论依据和实践指导,通过采用系统编制的供电企业操作岗位员工安全胜任力调查问卷,对供电企业操作岗位员工进行整群随机抽样的问卷调查。对346份有效数据进行探索性因素分析,初步构建供电企业操作岗位员工安全胜任力的5因素模型;重新发放问卷,对141份有效数据进行的验证性因素分析支持了该模型因素结构的合理性;再次重新取样,对120份有效数据进行独立样本t检验和多层回归分析,检验5个安全胜任力因素对违章行为的影响。供电企业操作岗位员工安全胜任力模型以职业素养、安全意识、职业技能、身心健康和情绪稳定性5个因素为基本结构,其中,职业素养、安全意识、身心健康和情绪稳定性4个安全胜任力因素对违章行为具有显著负向影响。     

Comparative analysis of permanent post-disaster houses constructed in Çankırı and Dinar

A major challenge after an earthquake is how to establish a new residential area of a similar or even improved standard for people who have suffered psychological, social and economic impacts and witnessed significant damage to the physical environment. As part of a research project conducted in 2005 and 2008, questionnaires were administered to the permanent occupiers of post‐disaster houses in the Turkish cities of Çank?r? and Dinar. They were asked to compare the comfort levels and other characteristics of the houses in which they now reside with those of the traditional houses in which they used to live. The survey revealed that such aspects do not differ between the two types of accommodation. However, differences were identified between the two areas under review (Çank?r? and Dinar). In addition, average scores for traditional houses were higher than those for post‐disaster houses in both places.     

Post-conflict disaster governance in Nepal: one-door policy,multiple-window practice

The response to the earthquakes in Nepal on 25 April and 12 May 2015 was as overwhelming as the magnitude of the events themselves. Tensions between the humanitarian imperative and the post-conflict state-building agenda soon became evident. Many actors offered support by creatively complying with the state's approach, whereas others bypassed official channels completely. In post-conflict settings such as Nepal, the situation is especially complicated because of the contradiction between policies underscoring the importance of the state in the response and the reality of the fragility of the state, which often leads to the significant involvement of aid organisations. The post-conflict political landscape of Nepal shaped the contours of the response, as well as how actors decided to operate within them. This paper, based on empirical findings from four months of research, contributes to a better understanding of the intricacies of the post-conflict and post-disaster nexus in the context of a state-led response.     

从实现安全生产谈加强运行班组安全建设的重要性

分析了近年来因运行班组人员操作不当引发事故的原因,主要归结于日常安全管理工作和应急处置不当。提出在日常安全管理方面,操作人员须熟知岗位风险、防止“三违行为”和做好装置开停工期间的安全管理;在应急处置方面,需熟练掌握应急操作技能,培养反应快速、清晰的应急意识等措施,不断提高班组安全能力建设,以便更有效地控制安全风险,实现安全生产。     

城市地震火灾风险评估指标体系研究

从多方面系统、全面地研究了城市地震火灾原因及其消防工作。在借鉴民事火灾风险评估指标体系的基础上,结合地震情况下的潜在起火源、城市地震火灾发生的主要原因、城市消防系统在地震火灾的预防及扑救方面所起的作用以及城市环境对地震火灾的影响等因素,建立了城市地震火灾风险评价指标体系。运用专家调查法确定出各指标的相对重要性,采用层次分析法计算出各指标的权重。该项研究为进行城市地震火灾风险评估奠定了理论基础。     

Towards guidelines for post‐disaster vulnerability reduction in informal settlements

Although the development community has long recognised that securing land tenure and improving housing design can benefit significantly informal settlement residents, there is little research on these issues in communities exposed to natural disasters and hazards. Informal settlements often are located on land left vacant because of inherent risks, such as floodplains, and there is a long history worldwide of disasters affecting informal settlements. This research tackles the following questions: how can informal settlement vulnerabilities be reduced in a post‐disaster setting?; and what are the key issues to address in post‐disaster reconstruction? The main purpose of the paper is to develop a set of initial guidelines for post‐disaster risk reduction in informal settlements, stressing connections to tenure and housing/community design in the reconstruction process. The paper examines disaster and reconstruction responses in two disaster‐affected regions—Jimani, Dominican Republic, and Vargas State, Venezuela—where informal settlements have been hit particularly hard.     

创业与创新——建院二十五周年回顾与展望

中国环境管理干部学院建院二十五年来,适应形势需要,经历了局长岗位培训、局长岗位培训和成人学历教育并举、普通高等教育的高职高专三个阶段.每个阶段在校舍建设、师资队伍、教材、科研等方面都在创业,而创业的灵魂则是创新.     

INFLUENCE OF HERBIVORY ON REGROWTH OF RIPARIAN SHRUBS FOLLOWING A WILDLAND FIRE1

Streamside vegetation frequently regenerates faster than upland vegetation following wildland fire and contributes to the recovery of riparian and stream ecosystems. Limited data are available, however, on the post‐fire growth of riparian species and the influence of herbivory on regeneration. To determine post‐fire regrowth of riparian vegetation, height, crown area, crown volume, and browse levels were measured for key riparian shrub species in streamside burned and unburned plots along second‐order streams in western Wyoming. Shrubs in the burned plots were subject to high levels of browse ‐ up to 84 percent of the leaders were browsed ‐ by native ungulates in 2002, the second post‐fire year (September 2001 to September 2002). In summer 2003, the burned watershed was also grazed by livestock, resulting in increased browse levels and decreased shrub heights for several species. In the third post‐fire year, September 2002 to September 2003, four of the six most common species showed no increase in crown area or crown volume, indicating that the combination of native ungulate and cattle browsing suppressed their growth. Potential impacts of grazing on post‐fire recovery of stream and riparian ecosystems are discussed.     

盘龙江上段截污工程社会效益和生态系统服务价值评估

通过背景资料收集、问卷调查、条件价值评估等方法,对昆明市盘龙江上段截污工程的社会效益进行了评估,估算了环境整治后盘龙江上段的生态系统服务价值。研究结果表明：昆明市盘龙江上段综合整治具有良好的社会效益,体现出较高的生态系统服务价值。     

The psychological contracts of violation victims: A post‐violation model

Organizations may fail to keep their commitments to their employees, at times leading to psychological contract violation. Although many victims of violation remain with their employer despite such adverse experiences, little research exists on their responses in the aftermath of violation. This paper develops a post‐violation model to explain systematically how violation victims respond to and cope with violation and the effects this process has on their subsequent psychological contract. Central to post‐violation are the victims' beliefs regarding the likelihood of violation resolution and the factors affecting it. The model specifies how the victim engages in a self‐regulation process that results in an array of potential psychological contract outcomes. Possible outcomes include reactivation of the original pre‐violation contract, the formation of a new contract that may be more or less attractive than the original, or a state of dissolution wherein the victim fails to form a functional psychological contract with the employer. The research and practical implications of this model are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.