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101.
淀粉聚乙燃膜在受控条件下的好氧生物降物 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用土埋、真菌生长和CO2释放试验分别测定了几咱淀粉聚乙烯膜的生物降解性。试验结果表明,膜的生物降解性与膜中的淀粉含量正相关,并受膜比面积大小的影响。在受控条件下,含淀粉6%~30%的经28d降解后,降解质量变化率在0.6%~12.4%范围内,其CO2释放量为0.02~0.15mg/mg膜,中的聚乙烯组分不仅本身难被生物降解,而且还抑制微生物对其淀粉组分的降解。CO2是淀粉聚乙烯膜好氧生物降解的降 相似文献
102.
G. Ruysschaert J. Poesen G. Verstraeten G. Govers 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2007,120(2-4):153-165
Soil erosion studies on cropland usually only consider water, wind and tillage erosion. However, significant amounts of soil are also lost from the field during the harvest of crops such as sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), chicory roots (Cichorium intybus L.), cassava (Manihot spp.) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). During the harvest soil adhering to the crop, loose soil or soil clods and rock fragments are exported from the field together with these crops.This soil erosion process is referred to as ‘soil losses due to crop harvesting’ (SLCH). Most of the studies investigated SLCH variability and its controlling factors for one crop type in similar agro-ecological environments and for comparable harvesting techniques. In this study, a compilation of SLCH studies was made in order to investigate the effect of crop type, agricultural systems, ecological conditions and harvesting technique on SLCH variability. SLCH rates ranged from few to tens of Mg ha−1 harvest−1 and SLCH was highly variable both in space and time. Comparison of four studies on SLCH for sugar beet revealed that harvesting technique and soil moisture content at harvesting time can be equally important for SLCH variability. The occurrence of soil clods harvested with the crop explained why SLCH was significantly larger for mechanically harvested potato in Belgium compared to manually harvested potato in China. SLCH values for manually harvested sugar beet, potato, cassava and sweet potato in China and Uganda were in general smaller than SLCH values for mechanically harvested sugar beet, potato and witloof chicory roots measured in Belgium and France. However, SLCH may also vary significantly within Europe due to differences in harvesting techniques. Soil moisture content at harvesting time was besides harvesting technique one of the key factors controlling SLCH variability. There were no systematic differences in SLCH between crop types, although the soil–crop contact area–crop mass ratio could explain more than 40% of the means from several SLCH studies. 相似文献
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106.
接枝羧基淀粉去除水体中有毒重金属离子的研究 总被引:28,自引:1,他引:28
以可溶性淀粉为基体,经环氧氯丙烷交联,制备了交联淀粉。以Fe^2+-H2O为引发剂将丙烯腈单体接枝到交联淀粉上,再经过皂化制得水不溶性接枝羧基淀粉聚合物(ISC)。通过红外光谱表征结构。用静态法和动态法研究ISC去除水体中Cd^2+、Pb^2+、Cu^2+、Hg^2+、Cr2+等离子的效果及PH值对去除效果的影响,并对其作用机理进行探讨。 相似文献
107.
Synthesis and application of lignin-based copolymer LSAA on controlling
non-point source pollution resulted from surface runoff 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
LIU Chen WU Guangxi MU Huanzhen YUAN Zonghuan TANG Lianyi LIN Xiangwei 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(7):820-826
In this article,alkali lignin separated from paper pulp waste was grafted into a novel copolymer LSAA (a copolymer of lignin,starch, acrylamide,and acrylic acid).Its practical application effect and environmental safety were studied.The results of field simulation experiment indicated that the application of LSAA significantly affected the output of the runoff and pollutants.The runoff quantity was decreased by 16.67%-47.00%and the loads of total suspended solids (TSS),chemical oxygen demand (COD),total ... 相似文献
108.
优质蛋白玉米籽粒超微结构与品质性状的相关研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
以两个优质蛋白玉米(QPM)群体(T34QPMC3和陕综5号/O2C0)为试材,采用胚乳硬质度0,1,2,3,4五级分类法,对籽粒进行分析、观察.结果表时:胚乳硬质度越高,籽粒物理性状越好,蛋白质品质越差;硬质度越低,籽粒物理性状越差,蛋白质品质越好.在半硬质胚乳奥帕克-2玉米中,胚乳硬质度、籽粒密度的差异主要表现于胚乳内部组织,而胚乳边缘组织无差异.胚乳内部组织结构的疏密排布、淀粉粒形状、均匀住、角质化程度决定了籽粒物理性状的优劣;胚乳内部组织中基质蛋白形态、密度以及与淀粉粒结合紧密程度决定了优质蛋白玉米胚乳营养品质. 相似文献
109.
长期继代培养马铃薯愈伤组织的植株再生 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
对影响马铃薯愈伤组织发生、生长和长期继代培养的愈伤组织再生植株的几种因素进行了研究。马铃薯茎段的愈伤组织发生频率高于叶片的愈伤组织发生频率。Dicamba诱导茎段和叶片的愈伤组织发生频率在90%以上;而2,4-D的诱导效果不佳并诱发外植体生根。再生培养其中加入0.5g/L的酶解酷蛋白是必需的;蔗糖的浓度以2%-4%为宜;附加ZT2.0mg/L、GA0.1mg/L可使长期继代的愈伤组织的植株再生频率 相似文献
110.