我国自然保护区生态旅游资源价值实现方式研究

从我国自然保护区所面临的经费困难和开展生态旅游的现状入手 ,概述了生态旅游资源的价值评估法和加拿大国家公园使用者收费情况 ,并探讨了我国自然保护区生态旅游资源价值实现的若干方式     

Extreme value analysis of Munich air pollution data

We present three different approaches to modelling extreme values of daily air pollution data. We fitted a generalized extreme value distribution to the monthly maxima of daily concentration measures. For the exceedances of a high threshold depending on the data, the parameters of the generalized Pareto distribution were estimated. Accounting for autocorrelation, clusters of exceedances were used. To obtain information about the relationship of the exceedance of the air quality standard and possible predictors we applied logistic regression. Results and their interpretation are given for daily average concentrations of ozone and nitrogen dioxide at two monitoring sites within the city of Munich.     

酶制剂废水处理的试验研究

采用直接混凝、直接水解 -接触氧化的生化处理以及混凝 -水解 -接触氧化 3种不同工艺对某酶制剂废水进行处理。结果表明 ,针对浓度为 6 2 0 0mg/L的原水 ,用本单位的混凝剂 4号进行直接的混凝处理 ,在加入量为 10 0mg/L时可以得到 6 6 %的CODCr处理率 ;同样浓度的原水直接进行水解 -接触氧化生化处理 ,在 34h的停留时间后可以达到国家二类二级排放标准 ;经过混凝处理后的出水进行的生化实验则表明 ,达到国家排放标准的生化停留时间可缩短至 2 2h。     

遗传资源经济价值评价研究

初步建立了比较完整的遗传资源经济价值评估的框架、体系、平台 ,初步评估了人体基因、野生大豆、BT转基因棉的经济价值 ,为遗传资源市场化和国际遗传资源惠益分享提供科学依据 ,为进一步研究提供参考。     

有机磷农药生物降解研究进展

有机磷农药是目前我国使用量最大的农药 ,对农业的发展有重要的作用 ,但同时造成了严重的环境污染 .利用微生物或微生物源酶制剂来降解农药是近年来的一个主要努力方向 .至今 ,已经陆续分离到许多有机磷降解菌 ,并对其相应的降解酶的生化性质进行了鉴定 ,相关的基因也被克隆、鉴定和改造 .另外 ,基因工程及生物技术方面的进展为开发微生物或酶制品奠定了基础 .本文综述了有机磷农药降解菌、降解酶以及有机磷农药生物降解技术等方面的研究现状 .表 1参 6 1     

Roles of male residence and relative size in the social behavior of Iberian rock lizards, Lacerta monticola

Many studies on contest competition used residency asymmetry as a discrete variable. However, the probability of winning an interaction may change as a continuous function of the value of the location where the encounter occurs. We performed a field study to examine the importance of location within a home range and relative body size to the outcomes of agonistic interactions between male lizards, Lacerta monticola. The distances to activity centers (the most used locations based on a density function of sightings) and relative size play important roles in agonistic interactions and had interacting effects in natural conditions. On the other hand, previous studies with lizards suggested that inferior competitors are able to avoid agonistic interactions in the field. Thus, we staged encounters in the laboratory to examine the behavioral responses of smaller individuals. The responses of each focal smaller male were measured in its own home cage (resident), in the cage of a larger male (intruder) and in a cage in which no male was previously present (control). The predominant behavioral tactics of smaller males were avoidance when they are the intruders and displaying when they are the residents. Submissive displays by smaller males may help reduce the costs of agonistic encounters.     

有机溶剂对苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)几丁质酶的影响

以苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)的发酵液为材料,经硫酸铵分级分离、DEAE-32离子交换柱层析分离,获得部分纯化的Bt几丁质酶(EC3. 2. 1. 14)制剂.研究了几种有机溶剂对Bt几丁质酶的影响.结果表明,甲醇、丙三醇、甲醛和戊二醛对几丁质酶有抑制作用;乙醇、丙醇、乙二醇和二甲亚砜在低浓度时对酶有激活作用,随着浓度的升高表现出抑制作用;二氧六环的浓度低于 5%时,对酶的影响不明显,而高于 5%时,对酶则有激活作用;丙酮对酶有激活作用. 图 1参 10     

UV-C辐射增强对绿化树种膜质过氧化及抗氧化酶的影响

采用叶片试验法研究了模拟紫外辐射(UV-C)胁迫对3种绿化树种叶片膜质过氧化及抗氧化酶产生的影响。实验结果表明:UV-C辐射处理使连翘ForsythiasuspensaVahl和垂柳Salixbabylonica叶片的叶绿素质量分数增加,但使水蜡树FraxinuschinesisRoxb.叶片的叶绿素质量分数降低。UV-C辐射处理增加连翘和垂柳叶片的SOD活性,而水蜡的SOD活性则表现为先升高随后降低的变化趋势;辐射处理对水蜡树和垂柳POD活性影响不大,但使连翘POD活性先升高随后降低;辐射处理明显降低水蜡树和连翘的CAT活性,而垂柳的则先升高后降低。辐射处理导致MDA含量增加。     

六价铬化合物的肝脏毒性及其作用机制研究进展

六价铬化合物普遍存在于环境中,并被广泛应用于多种工业生产中,由此引发的铬污染及健康问题已经引起了人们的重视。作为体内代谢及解毒的重要场所,肝脏是Cr(Ⅵ)毒性作用的靶器官之一。本文对Cr(Ⅵ)化合物在环境中的污染来源与污染状况、机体内吸收、分布与代谢及对肝脏的毒性损害及其作用机制的研究现状加以综述。