Prediction of methanol loss in liquid hydrocarbon phase during natural gas hydrate inhibition using rigorous models

Methanol is the most widely used natural gas hydrate inhibitor and it is only effective as a hydrate inhibitor in the aqueous phase. Methanol is not regenerated in natural gas inhibition process due to its intermittent application in most cases. However, a significant cost is associated with the process because of methanol loss while utilizing this inhibitor. In this work, several intelligent models along with a new mathematical correlation are presented in terms of methanol concentration in aqueous phase and temperature to precisely forecast the methanol loss in the saturated hydrocarbons phase. An excellent match was noticed between the calculated results and literature data.     

飞机用缓蚀剂性能分析

目的延缓或抑制飞机结构腐蚀的发生。方法选择飞机维护中具有工程应用基础的5种不同类别(TFHS-15,LPS03316,Cor-Ban 35,Corrosion X Aviation,WD 40)的缓蚀剂,采用GM9540P加速腐蚀环境谱(包括盐雾、湿热和干燥等3个模块)对5种缓蚀剂的性能进行评价。结果喷涂TFHS-15试验件表面无气泡、剥落和变色,喷涂Cor-Ban 35的试验件表面无气泡和剥落,有轻微变色,这两种缓蚀剂的防护等级为10级;喷涂Corrosion X Aviation试验件表面少量剥落,防护等级为9级;喷涂LPS03316的试验件表面微量脱落和轻微变色,防护等级为8级;喷涂WD 40的试验件表面大量脱落和变色,防护等级为1级。结论经过加速腐蚀循环试验对试验件进行对比,TFHS-15和Cor-Ban 35两种缓蚀剂在飞机中使用时施工性能和防护性能最好。这两种缓蚀剂可以作为飞机腐蚀预防的有效手段,在军机中推广应用。     

纤维素基缓蚀剂的缓释机理与应用进展

简要介绍了纤维素及其衍生物的分类及其特性,综述归纳了纤维素的缓蚀机理,系统概述了植物纤维素及其衍生物,纳米纤维素在缓蚀系统中的多种缓蚀作用,同时以植物纤维素和纳米纤维素的结构特性为依据,讨论了细菌纤维素在金属缓蚀系统中的应用前景。最后提出羧甲基纤维素与羟乙基纤维素及它们各自的衍生物应用范围广,但受温度影响较大。纤维素纳米晶体在金属防护方面有很好的应用前景,也是未来研究的重点。细菌纤维素有望成为一种高效、绿色的新型缓蚀剂,但目前还未引起研究人员足够的重视,对其制备方法和缓释机理还需要进行深入研究。     

一种新型飞机防护罩的防腐蚀性能评价

目的 对一种新型飞机防护罩的防腐蚀性能进行评价.方法 首先,对新型飞机防护罩进行气相缓蚀能力检测;其次,根据加速环境试验谱,将被新型飞机防护罩与防水帆布包裹的铝合金试件进行盐雾试验和紫外试验;最后,将新型飞机防护罩与防水帆布进行浸泡试验.结果 新型飞机防护罩的气化性防锈膜层缓蚀效果较好.在盐雾试验中,试件的腐蚀程度顺序...     

废水回用作循环冷却水的可行性研究

针对废水回用作循环冷却水的方案提供可行性研究。根据现场废水的的水质状况,选取HPAA和锌盐复合配方的缓蚀剂进行缓蚀实验。结果表明:在合适的药剂浓度下,可以将碳钢片的腐蚀速率控制在0.125mm/a以下,有效解决循环冷却水系统的腐蚀问题。     

生物接触氧化预处理微污染源水中BOD5的测定

在微污染源水生物预处理中,由于生物池内和处理后的出水中含有大量硝化细菌,使BOD5测定结果偏大.提出在测定这类水样时,加入硝化细菌抑制剂,可以消除硝化作用的影响.     

吸湿性新型煤堆抑尘阻化剂的实验研究

煤堆自燃和煤堆扬尘会带来很大的灾害,目前主要采用喷洒药剂防止煤堆自燃和扬尘.现有的抑尘阻化剂普遍存在抑尘阻化效果不稳定、寿命短等不足.通过阻化性实验、成膜性实验、抗风吹能力测定实验研制出一种抑尘阻化剂.该抑尘阻化剂具有很好的阻化效果,阻化率能达到90%以上,通过抗风吹能力测定实验可知,喷洒该抑尘阻化剂后,煤粒能抵御20 m/s的风吹,抑尘效果好.该抑尘阻化剂无毒、无害,成本低,材料来源广,具有良好的应用前景.     

Influence of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in rhizosphere and bulk soil

In agricultural plant production nitrification inhibitors like 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) are used to retard the microbial nitrification process of fertilized ammonium to enhance the nitrogen supply for cultivated crops and to reduce nitrogen losses from the production system. Besides the well-known ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) it is known for a few years that also ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are able to perform the first step in nitrification, hence being also a target for a nitrification inhibitor. However, so far no information are available concerning the effectiveness of DMPP and its extent towards AOB and AOA, neither in bulk soil nor in the root-rhizosphere complex. We investigated in a field experiment performed according to agricultural practice the effect of DMPP on the abundance of AOB and AOA two, four and eight weeks after fertilization. We observed impaired abundances of AOB but not of AOA in both soil compartments that were still visible eight weeks after application, possibly indicating a reduced effectiveness of the nitrification inhibitor in our study.     

新型高聚物阻化剂的阻化效果研究

煤炭自燃会造成资源的浪费和环境污染,是重大灾害之一.采用阻化剂防止煤炭自燃是目前应用最多的技术,但普遍存在阻化效果不稳定、寿命短等不足之处.结合选择阻化剂的基本理论,选择合适的高聚物分子作为阻化剂,并以水玻璃、表面活性剂等为添加剂.通过程序升温氧化实验、阻化性实验和堵漏风性能实验等多方面验证:在煤体表面喷洒这种新型的阻化剂能使煤粒相互粘结,最后能在煤层表面形成一定厚度和一定强度的固化层,覆盖在煤表面,阻缓氧气进入煤体,提高了对煤炭的阻化效果,并且在高温条件下性能稳定,不会发生氧化.