Isolation and preliminary characterization of a 3-chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria

A study was conducted to compare the diversity of 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders in two pristine soils and one contaminated sewage sludge. These samples contained strikingly different populations of mono-chlorobenzoate degraders. Although fewer cultures were isolated in the uncontaminated soils than contaminated one, the ability of microbial populations to mineralize chlorobenzoate was widespread. The 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders were more diverse than the 2-chlorobenzoate degraders. One of the strains isolated from the sewage sludge was obtained. Based on its phenotype, chemotaxonomic properties and 16S rRNA gene, the organism S-7 was classified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow at temperature from 4 to 37℃. It can utilize several （halo）aromatic compounds. Moreover, strain S-7 can grow and use 3-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source in a temperatures range of 10-30℃ with stoichiometric release of chloride ions. The psychrotolerant ability was significant for bioremediation in low temperature regions. Catechol and chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activities were present in cell free extracts of the strain, but no （chloro）catechol 2,3- dioxygenase activities was detected. Spectral conversion assays with extracts from R. erythropolis S-7 showed accumulation of a compound with a similar UV spectrum as chloro-cis,cis-muconate from 3-chlorobenzoate. On the basis of these results, we proposed that S-7 degraded 3-chlorobenzoate through the modified ortho-cleave pathway.     

铀吸附实验研究现状

介绍了铀吸附实验的研究现状,对吸附铀的各种载体进行了总结。目前,主要采用静态法（批示法）和动态法（柱法）进行铀的吸附实验研究。吸附铀的载体主要有粘土,金属的水合氧化物等肢体,藻类及菌类,树脂等。主要考察pH值、温度、吸附时间、阴离子、阳离子、细菌浓度、铀浓度等对吸附速率及吸附量的影响。     

遂宁市"十五"水环境质量现状暨"十一五"水环境质量趋势分析

依据遂宁市“十五”水环境监测五年的基础数据,结合遂宁市“十一五”经济规划,分析评价了遂宁市“十一五”水环境质量变化趋势,预测出“十一五”末,我市CODcr和氨氮两个主要污染物入河量将有所增加,水环境质量将有恶化趋势。     

阿克苏河流域生态环境现状、问题及治理措施

阿克苏河流域是南疆经济较发达地区,对该流域环境、资源进行综合考查研究意义重大。通过笔者多年在这一流域的水文地质调查工作经验及有磁材料的收集整理成此文。在此基础对阿克苏河流域的生态环境问题及产生的原因作进一步的系统分析,提出了治理措施,对保护和规划该流域的生态环境具有重要的意义。     

Sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions

The contribution of aliphatic-rich plant biopolymer to sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds is significantly important because of their preservation and accumulation in the soil environment,but sorption mechanism is still not fully understood.In this study, sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions was examined to better understand the contributions of respective fraction.Toward this end,cuticular materials were isolated from the fruits of tomato by chemical method.The tomato cuticle sheet consisted of waxes (6.5 wt%),cuticular monomer (69.5 wt%),and polysaccharide (24.0 wt%).Isotherms of l-naphthol to the cuticular fractions were nonlinear (N value (0.82-0.90)) at the whole tested concentration ranges.The KodKow ratios for bulk cuticle (TC1),dewaxed cuticle (TC2),cutin (TC4),and desugared cuticle (TC5) were larger than unity,suggested that tomato bulk cuticle and cutin are much powerful solption medium.Sorption capability of cutin (TC4) was 2.4 times higher than the nonsaponifiable fraction (TC3).The 1-naphthol interactions with tomato cuticular materials were governed by both hydrophobic-type interactions and polar (H-bonding) interactions. Removal of the wax and polysaccharide materials from the bulk tomato cuticle caused a significant increase in the sorption ability of the cuticular material.There was a linear negative trend between K_(oc) values and the amount of polysaccharides or fraction's polarities ((N O)/C);while a linear positive relationship between K_(oc) values and the content of cutin monomer (linear R~2=0.993) was observed for present in the cuticular fractions.Predominant sorbent of the hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in the plant cuticular fraction was the cutin monomer,contributing to 91.7% of the total sorption of tomato bulk cuticle.     

我国油田产出水再利用技术现状及展望

随着我国油气田勘探开发力度加大和新环保法的实施,油田开采过程中耗水量大和污水处理问题是我国油气田企业面临的共同难题。从污水余热回收、污水回注、压裂液重复利用、钻井废水再利用四个方面,介绍了国内油田产出水再利用技术研究进展与应用现状,指出目前存在的污水余热再利用应用范围不广、回注污水利用不合理、化工原料未回收利用等主要问题。并通过文献调研,展望了油田污水再利用技术的发展方向,指出需从污染源头防控入手,研发更加经济环保的液体配方,并深入研究从污水中取热、取水及取化工原料的循环再利用技术,因地制宜制定相应的水质及污水配伍性实验评价标准,实现从源头至末端治理相结合的油田污水清洁生产。     

乡村振兴战略下农村生活污水治理模式优选之思考

乡村振兴是党的十九大报告提出的重大战略举措,农村生活污水治理是落实乡村振兴战略的重要内容。本文通过对农村生活污水排放特点的综合分析,实现对现有农村生活污水处理的技术综合比对。根据农村生活污水处理工艺选择原则,建议因地制宜地选择适合农村特点的污水治理技术,并对当前的农村生活污水治理相应地提出几点合理化意见和建议。     

哈尔滨市政排水现状调查与发展对策分析

文章对哈尔滨市市政排水设施状况进了详细调查与研究,总结出“科学规划、合理布局,逐步完善排水基础设施;分步实施、重点突破,积极推进合流制排水系统改造;强化管理、科技创新,稳步提高现有排水设施的利用率”等管理经验。指出哈尔滨市排水建设与管理中存在的突出问题,并从建设资金来源、法制化管理、污泥处理设施规划建设以及建立路网改造与排水管网建设协调配合机制、加大排水管网建设力度等方面提出对策。     

贵州省生态文明建设现状与对策

回顾贵州省生态文明建设历程,介绍了全省各地在生态文明示范创建、生态产业和循环经济发展以及石漠化防治方面的实践经验,通过分析该省在深入推进生态文明建设中存在的自然、经济、机制制约和群众意识淡薄等问题,提出今后生态文明建设相应对策和建议。     

部队防化救援装备现状及其发展趋势

本文基于我国化学事故多发,面临着严峻的形势,介绍了部队在处置化学事故时承担的主要任务,以及解放军、公安消防部队和武警部队防化救援装备的现状,并对其趋势进行了展望。