中国农业植被净初级生产力模拟(I)——模型的建立与灵敏度分析

以业已建成的稻麦作物净初级生产力模型为基本框架,建立了一个具有普适性的中国农业植被净初级生产力模型(CropC-)。CropC-的模拟对象为占我国农作物总播种面积2/3的水稻、小麦、玉米、棉花、油菜和大豆。该模型包括2个主要功能模块:光合作用和呼吸作用;土壤-作物系统氮素运移。前者综合考虑了环境因子和氮素的影响,后者包括了作物氮素吸收、土壤氮矿化和化肥氮释放。灵敏度分析表明,在输入参数变化±10%时,CropC-对6个主要输入参数响应的敏感性依次为温度>光合有效辐射>大气CO2浓度>土壤全氮含量>施氮量>降水。模型分析表明,气候变暖将降低作物净初级生产力。     

用预先热处理的材料加工长杆高强度双头螺柱

用预先热处理的材料生产长杆高强度双头螺柱新工艺 ,消除了长杆的热处理变形 ,降低了机械性能的不稳定性 ,提高了产品质量及螺纹联接的可靠性。     

SBR法处理麻生物脱胶废水的T艺实验研究St

采用SBR法处理麻生物脱胶废水，实验考察了溶解氧、曝气时间、污泥负荷与处理效果的关系。结果表明，在限制性曝气及COD     

上海合流污水深海排放强化一级预处理的研究

复合式厌氧污泥床反应器是一种改进的厌氧处理工艺 ,可有效去除城市生活污水中的污染物 ,并提高了污水的可生化性 ,是一种较理想的城市污水强化一级处理工艺 ,为上海合流污水深海排放的实施提供了保障。本文对该工艺的装置特点和处理效果进行了分析研究 ,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

关于公路环境监理专业化问题

根据公路项目的环境管理的现状和公路施工对环境的影响，结合公路环境监理试点工作的实践，提出建立专业化的环境监理队伍，专业化的组织形式，规范化的工作方法等。     

生物作用强化城市污水一级处理工艺研究

提出生物作用强化城市污水一级处理工艺 ,探讨利用生物絮凝吸附作用独立承担城市污水处理任务的可行性、影响因素及运行参数。试验证明 ,处理城市污水 ,当HRT为 1 1h ,DO为 1 0mg L ,CODCr污泥负荷为 3 4～ 4 0kg kg·d时 ,CODCr、BOD5和SS去除率分别为 6 8%～ 78%、6 5 %～ 72 %和 75 %～ 85 %。     

三唑磷农药废水厌氧处理可行性研究

采用厌氧流化率工艺处理在唑磷农药废水，必须降低原水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ含量，调整营养比例，当ＣＯＤ：Ｎ：Ｐ＝（１８０～２００）：５：１时，在中温厌氧消化条件下，ＣＯＤ含量可从４１７０ｍｇ／ｌ，去除率约５０％，沼气产率达到０．２５６ｍ＾３／ｍ＾３．ｄ。因此，把厌氧处理作为好氧处理的预处理单元，能确保整个处理系统出水达标。     

一种新型复合式生物流化反应器混合特性的研究

对新型蜂窝状断面复合生物流化反应器进行了液体循环速率和水力停留时间分布曲线的测定，实验表明新型反应器具有抗冲击负荷强，接近CSTR反应器的特点，反应器随气量增大、载体投加量减少和进水量减少而更近似于CSTR反应器，通过理论分析，证明了影响液体循环速率的参数主要有气体流量(气含率)、反应器沿程和局部阻力系数以及Ad/Ar，并且得出液体循环速率与反应器高度的0．5次方成正比。     

Determination and discussion hydraulic retention time in membrane bioreactor system

Based on the microorganism kinetic model, the formula for computing hydraulic retention time in a membrane bioreactor system (MBR) is derived. With considering HRT as an evaluation index a combinational approach was used to discuss factors which have an effect on MBR. As a result, the influencing factors were listed in order from strength to weakness as: maximum specific removal rate K, saturation constant Ks, maintenance coefficient m, maximum specific growth rate ,ua and observed yield coefficient Yobs. Moreover, the formula was simplified, whose parameters were experimentally determined in petrochemical wastewater treatment. The simplified formula is θ= 1.1( 1/β -1)(Kｓ S)/KXo , for oetroehemical wastewater treatment K and Ko eaualed 0.185 and 154.2, resoectively.     

A THEORETICAL TRAVEL TIME BASED ON WATERSHED HYPSOMETRY1

ABSTRACT: The time to hydrograph peak of a watershed basin has been found to correlate with various statistical attributes (e.g., skewness and kurtosis) of its hypsometric curve (treated as probability distribution). This paper presents a theoretical travel time that is conceptually analogous to the time to hydrograph peak and can be calculated directly from the hypsometric curve of a watershed basin based on gravity and acceleration. The theoretical travel times for 23 selected watersheds in the United States are found to correlate significantly with their corresponding hypsometric attributes. In addition, the theoretical travel times are consistent with the times of concentration estimated from the Federal Aviation Administration method. Thus, this paper offers a simple theoretical explanation to the empirically identified linkage between time to hydrograph peak and hypsometric attributes. This theoretical travel time can provide an alternative way of characterizing the effects of basin morphometry on hydrologic response.